牛津深圳版八年英语上 Unit1 Encyclopedias 综合知识点(无答案)

牛津深圳版八年英语上Unit1 Encyclopedias 综合知识点（无答案）

Unit 1 Encyclopedias

1.U1词汇和课文

2.U1 作文：如何介绍人物

3.U1语法：不定代词的用法

4.阅读拓展

知识点1：U1词汇（____为必背单词）

词形词性音标中文意思

1.encyclopaedia n. [ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpidɪə] 百科全书

2.human adj [ˈhjumən] 人的

3.dinosaur n. ['daɪnəsɔː]恐龙

4.Italian n. [ɪ'tæljən] 意大利人

5.inventor n. [ɪnˈventə(r)] 发明家

6.musician n. [mjuˈzɪʃən] 音乐家

7.scientist n. [ˈsaɪəntɪst] 科学家；科学工作者

8.born v. [bɔ:rn] 出生；诞生；

9.countryside n. [ˈkʌntriˌsaɪd] 乡村\农村郊野

10.intelligence n. [ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns] 智力；聪颖；情报；

11.artistic adj [ɑrˈtɪstɪk]艺术的；有美感的

12.ability n. [əˈbɪlɪti] 能力，才能

13.perhaps adv. [pɚˈhæps] 或许；（表示不确定）可能，大概

14.invention n. [ɪnˈvɛnʃən] 发明

15.notebook n. [ˈnotˌbʊk] 笔记本

16.include v [ɪnˈklud]包括；包含；计入；包住

17.even adv. [ˈivən] 甚至

18.however adv. [haʊˈevɚ] 不管到什么程度；无论如何；然而；可

是

19.suddenly adv. [ˈsʌdn:lɪ] 意外地，忽然地

20.nobody pron. [ˈnoˌbɑdi]没有人，无人

21.fossil n. [ˈfɑsəl]化石

22.win v [wɪn] （在…中）获胜，赢；战胜（对手

23.dollar n [ˈdɑlɚ]美元

知识点2：U1课文

翻译练习：（一空不限一词）

1.这里是两篇来自百科全书的文章。

Here are two ______________________________________ encyclopaedia .

2.达芬奇·莱昂纳多是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。

Leanardo da Vinci was an ______painter, inventor,_________,________and scientist.

3.达芬奇出生在农村。

Da Vinci was ______________________________________ .

4.从很小的时候，他就表现出极大的智慧和艺术能力。

______________________, he ____________ great intelligence and artistic ability.

5.随着年龄的增长，他学会了做很多不同的事情。

___________________________, he ___________ to do many different _________.

6.他的画是非常有名的，其中一副，《蒙娜丽莎》，也许是世界上最有名的画

作。

His paintings __________________________, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the __________________________ in the world.

7.他还有许多发明。例如，他的笔记本里有一些关于飞行器的有趣的图纸。

He also had many ___________. For example, his notebooks___________ some interesting drawings ___________ flying machines.

8.恐龙比人类早6000万年就生活在地球上。

Dinosaurs lived ___________ more than 60 ___________ before _______________.

9.他们遍布在地球上的每一个地方。

They lived __________________________________.

10.有些恐龙如鸡那么小，有些则有十头大象那么大，有些甚至会飞。

Some dinosaurs_____________________chickens. Others were ________________ ten elephants. Some could ____________________________.

11.许多恐龙是吃植物的，但有些恐龙又喜欢吃肉。

Many dinosaurs___________________. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.

12.恐龙在地球上的生活超过了1.5亿年。

Dinosaurs lived on Earth ___________________ 150 million years.

13.但是，突然之间，他们灭绝了。没有人知道为什么。

Then, suddenly, they all___________________. Nobody ___________________.

14.不过，我们可以从它们的化石去了解他们。

However, we can __________________ them __________their fossils .

翻译练习：（一空不限一词）

15.澳大利亚是一个很大的国家。它也有许多大景点。

Australia is a very big country. It also has __________________________________.

16.大香蕉（雕塑）在科夫斯港。它是由John Landy 于1964 年制作的。

The big banana is in Coffs Harbour. It ____________________1964 ____John Landy.

17.他想要某个东西能招揽人们来到他的水果店，于是他建造了它。

He wanted something __________________________ his __________, so he built it.

18.这个好主意起到了作用，很多人来参观他的水果店，并和它合影留念。The idea ____________. Many people visited his fruit shop and___________ it. 19.不久后，全澳大利亚的人们开始热衷于做大事情。

Soon people____________Australia began _________________.

20.大梅里诺（雕塑）在古尔本城。梅里诺是羊一个种类。

The Big Merinois in the city of Goulburn. Merinos are____________________.

21.它们能在干燥的气候里生活。

They can live __________________.

22.在澳大利亚的一些地方很干燥，所以这些羊对那里的农民很重要。

Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep _______________________ the farmers there.

23.大梅里诺雕塑里面，有一个关于澳大利亚羊毛史的一个小型博物馆。

________the Big Merino, there is a small museum________________________wool in Australia.

24.游客还可以爬到大梅里诺雕塑的头上，透过它的眼睛往外观望。

Visitors can also ________________ the Big Merino’s head and ____________t the view ____________ its eyes.

翻译练习：（一空不限一词）

25.《大英百科全书》是举世闻名的一本百科全书。

The Encyclopaedia Britannica is__________________________ encyclopaedia. 26.它是历史最悠久的英文百科全书。

It is _______________________________ encyclopaedia.

27.第一版出版于1768 年，从那时起，已经修订过15 个版本。

The first edition _________________________1768, and since then there __________15 editions.

28.第15 版共有32 卷。它们共约40 万字，包含五十万个主题。

The 15th edition_________________________32 volumes.Together they contain about 40 million words _________________________topics.

29.今天，《大英百科全书》有一个DVD 版本。你也可以在网上找到它。Today there is a DVD edition of the Britannica. You can also ___________________.

30.你知道哪本中国的知名的百科全书吗？关于它你都知道些什么？

Do you__________________ any famous Chinese encyclopaedias? What do you _________________ them?

知识点3：重难点（自查过关后在表格前打√）

知识点4：短语自查过关打√

知识点5：不定代词

1）

指人：someone，anyone，no one，everyone

指物：something，anything，nothing，everything 不定副词：anywhere在任何地方

Somewhere在某个地方

2）some和any的一般用法

3）some和any的特殊用法

4）不定代词的考点

【讲解1】复合不定代词在句子中做主语时, 谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Nobody knows his name.

没有人知道他的名字。

知识点6：写作

根据下面中文要求写一篇短文介绍爱迪生。80词左右。

内容提示：

1．美国著名的发明家；他一生有很多项发明；

2．他从小对科学和数学很感兴趣，他上学三个月后，他妈妈将他领回家亲自教他；

3．他十岁时，为自己建立了一个化学实验室。十二岁时，开始编写自己的报纸。

二十二岁搬到纽约并成为一名发明家；

4．他的发明改变了世界，他成功的秘诀是“永不放弃”。

写作指导：

第一步：确定时态、人称，简单介绍人物职业：Thomas Edison was____________________ ________;. He invented ________________.

第二步：描述人物具体情况：Thomas Edison was________________________________. His mother taught him ___________________________.

第三步：描述人物的工作经历和成就：At the age of he began ________________________第四步：简单总结及评价：His invention__________________, and his success came from ____________________

第五步：联想：写作本篇作文需要的词汇和短语

inventor, be interested in; at the age of; learn a lot, begin doing; work as;give up; come from

知识点7：主题阅读

A

Beethoven, a famous musician in tile world, was born in Germany in 1770.

In his childhood Beethoven didn't have a happy life. His father was a singer. When he was only four, his father began to make him practise hour after hour on different musical instruments (乐器). If he did not put his heart into it, his father would beat him or make it hard on him.

Beethoven loved music and he learned so fast that he was able to go around to give concerts, when he was only a boy of eleven. At tile age of seventeen, lie won high praise from Mozart, the greatest musician at that time.

Beethoven was often poor and ill during his life. After one illness, lie suddenly found he couldn't hear At that time, he was only thirty-one. It was a great blow (打击) to him.

But he still went on working and writing music pieces. To people's surprise, he wrote some of his best pieces after he lost his hearing.

In 1827, the great musician died. He leer more than 300 pieces. But people still

remember his name today.

（）1. Beethoven was a musician.

A. American

B. French

C. German

D. British

（）2. Why didn't Beethoven have a happy life in his childhood?

A. Because his family was poor.

B. Because he had to practise a lot of musical instruments.

C. Because his father was strict with him.

D. Both B and C.

（）3. Beethoven lived in the world for only

A. 43

B. 70

C. 57

D. 60

（）4. According to the passage, Beethoven wrote some of his best pieces

A. when he was only four

B. at the age of 1121*cnjy*com

C. at the age of 17

D. after he lost his hearing

B

We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They are almost

all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.

No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It's true that the male mosquito doesn't bite and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay (产) eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn't like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember she chooses you. You're different from the others!

If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites yon so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch (痒) on your body because she put something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itch begins, she has flown away.

And then what happens? Well, after tile delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.

（）5. "Mosquito" means __

A. a fly in one's house

B. a little bird

C. a small animal that can catch mice

D. a small flying insect that sucks the blood of people and animals

（）6. If the mosquito doesn't bite yon, it will _ _

A. get angry with you

B. be afraid of you

C. make a lot of noise

D. choose another one

（）7. The mosquito bites you.

A. when you're asleep

B. because you have chosen it

C. too quickly to let you know

D. but doesn't like you

（）8. Which of the following sentence is WRONG?

A. The itch begins after the mosquito bites you.

B. You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you.

C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs.

D. Not all the mosquitoes like to bite people for blood.

C

Harvard University is tile oldest of all tile colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth all came after Harvard.

In the early years, these schools were nearly the same. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin and Greek. At that time, people knew little about science, and one kind of school could teach everything about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers or teachers.

In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could study in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began to teach modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began to teach American history. As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students could choose the subjects that interested them.

Today, there am many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer all.

( ) 9. Which university is the oldest ill the USA?

A. Yale.

B. Harvard.

C. Princeton.

D. Columbia.

( ) 10. What language couldn't students in Harvard learn in 1825?

A. Japanese.

B. Latin and Greek.

C. French.

D. German.

( ) 11. Wbat does the underlined word "graduated" mean?

A. Found a job.

B. Got a degree at a university.

C. Got married.

D. Took an exam.

( ) 12. What's the best title of the passage?

A. The Development of University

B. Subjects in Universities

C. Universities in tile USA

D. Harvard University

D

Why do plants grow in some places but not ill others? Why does some land have so many plants growing on it, while other land has almost no plants growing on it at all?

To grow, plants need several things. One is warmth. In very cold places almost nothing grows. Plants also need water. In very dry parts of tile Earth only a few unusual plants can grow. That’s why there are almost no trees or grass ill dry deserts.

Plants must also have a place to put down their roots and grow. They find it difficult to grow on hard land. The town is built (被建立) on hard land. The plants there have only the soil between the cracks of tile stones to grow ill.

Another thing plants rims! have before they can grow is food. What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy beach? A few plants, such as grass, will grow in sand, but most plants won't. Even if the weather is warm enough and we water tile plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.

13. According to the passage, plants need things to grow well.

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

14. The underlined word "cracks" means .

A. long narrow openings

B. the surface of something

C. small plants on something

D. the bottom of something

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