英语专业考研基础英语练习题(一)

基础英语练习题（一）

I. Grammar

1. Insert prepositions in the slots.

It is a well-known rule ( ) logic that classifications made ( ) the basis o f a single attribute are artificial and ( ) limited use. So there must be a cl uster of attributes ( ) which a human group is defined, and these must be speci fic and essential, if they are to serve a useful purpose. Yet what is essential ( ) one observer is not ( ) another. Some would opt ( ) language, others ( ) race, religion, or shared destiny in the past or the present. It is also qu ite common to find that individuals tend to identify their own community ( ) cr iteria which may be different from those used ( ) the same purpose by outsider s.

2.Supply an article in the slot when necessary.

All ( ) books are divisible into two kinds; ( ) books of ( ) hour, and ( ) books of all ( ) time. Mark this distinction —it is not one of ( ) quality only. It is not merely ( ) bad book that does not last, and ( ) good one that does. It is ( ) dist inction of ( ) species.

3.Supply the proper verb forms in the slots.

Einstein's connection with the politics of the nuclear bomb (be) well known. In 1933 Hitler (come) to power. Einstein (be) in America, and he_ (d eclare) he (not return) to Germany. In the face of the Nazi threat, Einstein (renounce) pacifism, and eventually __ (fear) that German scientists (build) a nuclear bomb, (propose) that the United States (develop) it s own. But even before the first atomic bomb had been detonated, he publicly warned of the danger of nuclear war and proposed international control of nuclear weaponr y.

Ⅱ. Vocabulary

1. Choose words from column A to fit the definitions in column B.

Example: foreman, forester

a man who is in charge of a group of workmen: foreman

A. reluctant, leisure, yearning, entertainer, supersede, rebuff, incompatible, sabbatical leave, assert, artifact, variable, tramps;

B. (1) an unexpected or contemptuous refusal:

(2) freedom from work:

(3) insist on one's right;

(4) one who amuses an audience as a profession:

(5) a period of paid free time for rest and special study given to a university tea cher after a certain length of service;

(6) a thing or quantity that is changeable;

(7) people who roam the streets to find what they can:

(8) strong longing, feeling or desire for:

(9) anything made by human work or act:

(10) opposed in character; unable to exist in harmony;

(11) unwilling, not wanting to do something:

(12)take the place of because better or more important;

2. Complete the following paragraph by filling in the blanks with appropriate word s from the list below, modifying their form where necessary.

immune, little, to roam, against, to pronounce, astound, away, austere, to slice, o utburst, to have, to hunt, outset, to promote;

We were strolling through Oxford's old buildings as he was 1 these words. I had often 2 round the outside looking up at the 3 walls, and imagining the opul ent interiors. But 4 lived here now for some years, I had grown 5 to its beauty. At the 6 of my walk with the Professor, we had talked a little about the country's economy, but this sudden 7 against our society did not just 8 me but left me quite flabbergasted. I 9 in my mind for something non-committal to say. "Is it re ally possible to 10 our society down the middle like that?" I asked. "I mean,"

I said, panicking a 11 lest I had offended this eminent man, "is it really as bad as all that? Shouldn't we be trying to 12 understanding between people, rather t han setting them up 13 one another?" I hunted in my mind for a way of turning the conversation 14 to less troubled waters.

3. Choose the word from A, B or C that best completes the sentence.

1. National and international efforts should give to action programs integrating population and development.

A. privilege

B. priority

C. principle

2. At Golden State Power we are accused of the same thing for reasons.

A. identical

B. optional

C. original

3. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, to find it lo cked.

A. just

B. only

C. hence

4. On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont I noticed a young man hol ding up a sign reading "Boston".

A. where

B. which

C. when

5. The remarkable of life on the Galopagos Island inspired Darwin to establish h is theory of evolution.

A. variety

B. celebrity

C. diversity

6. If you want to set up a company, you must with the regulations laid down by the authorities.

A. confirm

B. accord

C. comply

7. A wage-earner has to make for his/her old age by putting aside enough money t o live on when old.

A. supply

B. provision

C. assurance

8. We all know that the farmers are more anxious for rain than the people in the ci ty because they have more at

A. stake

B. loss

C. danger

9. The pollution question as well as other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in again next spring.

A. assembly

B. conference

C. session

10. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must the q ualities and varieties of products we make to world market demand.

A. improve

B. enhance

C. gear

11.An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to further resear ch and further thinking about a particular topic.

A. advocate

B. arouse

C. stimulate

12. Language, culture, and personality may be considered of each other in thoug ht, but they are inseparable in fact.

A. independent

B. instinctive

C. separate 人生中最幸福的就是身体健康

于是，渴望一种懂得，可以一眼洞穿你所有清寂的薄凉。是恰好的温度，闪耀着阳光的味道，柔软又美好。

那么这一路上的爱恨欢愁也就有了归宿，以后的日子，既便是山长水远，也都会坦然面对，给尘世以最初的温柔。

好像是到了一个阶段，学会了等待，学会了随遇而安，学会了笑着去接受。不再心心念念，不再轻易信任。

只是在某个清晨，听见久远的一声问候，心，依然会瞬间柔软。

原来我们的内心深处，还是那么渴望一场白首不相离的缘分，千万次回眸

，始终还是你。

然后，一起守着古朴的时光，迎接每一天的黎明。弱水三千，只取一瓢饮，不褪色，不黯淡，任凭尘世的风摇曳着冬日的风雪，我始终是你最美的红颜，你是我最美的时光。

不说永远，陪伴便是最长情的告白。

龙应台曾写过一段文字：“有一种寂寞，身边添一个可谈的人，或许就可以削减。有一种寂寞，茫茫天地之间余舟一芥的无边无际无着落，人只能各自孤独面对，素颜修行。”不同的寂寞有着不同的归途，其实赏心之人无须太多，关键是否能入心。

始终喜欢，一切纯善质朴的好，不论是人还是事，一份情深义重，才是水色尘心的悠远。而一同走过的山山水水，都会是生命的记载。

如果可以，愿始终趋光而行，向着太阳升起的地方。无论飘摇还是安逸，都要坚守住内心那道光，我们可以不完美，但灵魂必须向美而生。

有时，灵犀的相悦会铭记一生，我不知道岁月有多长，人生还会有多少未知。

只是希望自己能做个心思澄明，有着简单的小欢喜，不过多的忧思，也不给自己添加太多束缚的人。阳光很暖，你也还在，如此，足够。

看多了花开花谢，聚散离合，便逐渐明白，我们最终想拥有的不过是一份寻常的烟火，简单而情重，朴素而感恩。

余生很长，从晨曦到日暮，就让我们一起慢慢走。

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英语专业考研基础英语改错高分特训500句＋100篇 第1章改错题技巧指南 对于绝大多数报考英语专业的考生而言，“基础英语”是全国各院校英语专业研究生入学考试必考的科目。一般来说，报考英语专业研究生的考核科目为：政治（分值100分）、第二外语（分值100分）、基础英语（分值150分）以及专业课（包括英美文学、语言学与应用语言学、翻译理论及实践等）（分值150分）。 需要说明的是，有些院校对此科目的考试名称有所不同：例如北京大学称之为“专业能力”，上海外国语大学称之为“英语综合”，北京外国语大学称之为“英语基础测试（技能）”，上海交通大学、广东外语外贸大学等称之为“英语水平考试”，四川大学称之为“英语专业基础”，山东大学称之为“实践英语”。上述院校的科目名称和大多数院校所用的“基础英语”名称虽有差别，但实质是一样的，都是由各学校自主命题、考核英语专业考生基本功底的考试科目。 1.1出题形式 “基础英语”的改错题主要考查考生运用语法、词汇、修辞等语言知识，识别所给短文或句子的语病并改正的能力。 出题形式主要有以下几种： ①给出一篇250词左右的短文，共10处标记，可能有错误也可能完全正确，要求考生根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。

②给出一篇短文，没有标记，要求考生删除10处多余的词，不一定每行文字都有错误，也不一定1行文字只有1处错误。 ③给出一篇短文，没有标记，要求考生根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。不一定每行文字都有错误，也不一定1行文字只有1处错误。 ④给出的为一个单句，句子中有四处标有下划线，要求考生选出有错误的一项。如： Tokyo Bay shook as if huge rug had been pulled from under it. A B C D ⑤给出的为一个单句，要求考生在错误处加下划线，并根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。 1.2常考错误类型 一、词法错误 词法错误主要包括了名词、动词、代词、冠词、介词、形容词副词的使用错误等，主要考察考生对常用词汇的词性、含义、用法的掌握。 （一）名词 改错中涉及到名词的错误主要有以下几类：名词“近义词”（形近或意近）、名词的单复数、可数名词与不可数名词、名词与动词、与形容词等词类的转换等。 1.名词近义词 英语中有许多拼写或读音相似甚至相同的词语，考生在平日学习时应注意这类词语的区分。

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2.1常规作文 ◆社会热点 Practice1 Directions:Write on the following topic. Increasing numbers of people are virtually slaves to their schedules.We are not leading our lives,but merely following a dizzying timetable of duties,commitments and demands and options. Write an article in an appropriate style,giving reasons for your answer and including relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 【参考范文】 Stop Being Slaves to Schedules It is often said that people who has no plan for their work will easily mess up their life. Therefore,to some extent,a schedule is important.But if we over do it with a rigid schedule, there will also lay some disadvantages for our life. With a faster pace of social development,people have more work to do and more and more slaves to schedules show up.For these people,life is compared to a programmed computer.All they need to do is to do as the schedule.There will be little interest left and all the hours will become monotonous and dull.So,they are not working to live but living to work. Moreover,colorful life is the main source for personal creativity.If we fill our life up with a dizzying timetable of duties,commitiments and demands and options,how do we develop our innovation spirit and inject new blood for the improvement of society?Actually,improper schedules may even kill our passions for work with a lower and lower efficiency.These reverse effects are not what we want when planning the schedules. In general,we need a flexible schedule in which emphasis is equally distributed both on work and personal life.So,if you feel arrested by your timetable,stop to give proper freedom to a more qualified life style. 【范文点评】 随着当今社会生活节奏的加快，越来越多的人倾向于制定日程表然后严格执行。然而，日程表在带给人们便利的同时也让人们的生活日益机械化。本文是观点论述型的议论文。文中首先描述了人沦为日程表“奴隶”这一现象，进而指出其给人们生活产生不利影响这一事实，然后分析了导致这一现象的两个原因，最后提出解决措施。 【文海拾贝】 1．重点词汇和词组

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记单词只有一种方法——按照艾宾浩斯周期的不断重复！艾宾浩斯周期的标准速度是一天花3个小时背下3个新的List，每一个list大致有150个单词，因此有些词汇书如果不是这样划分list，我们可以自己来重新划分。以这样的标准第一遍背一页单词（10个左右）需要5分钟。这时第一个记忆周期已到，请同学们在背下一页前，立即返回第一个单词，把这10个单词迅速复习一遍。因为此时对单词的记忆程度在90％以上，所以只需要几十秒钟，但是对于记忆这些单词所起的作用是极大的。第二页也是如法炮制。用这种方法背过6页以后，第二个记忆周期（30分钟）已到，立即从第一页开始复习。由于这些单词刚刚背过两遍，所以这一遍复习也只需要三分钟。然后用同样的方法背7～12页。整个List大约一个小时。小宝老师对艾宾浩斯周期做了一个小的修订，非常适合我们白天还要上课的大学生或者中学生。也就是每天早上看完3个list之后，在花30分钟左右把三个单元快速的过一遍，不要强求自己记住，不可能，只是为了晚上的复习进行一次预复习状态，因为我经过测试发现，艾宾浩斯周期最理想的操作环境是纯脱产状态，而大学生白天还有大量的课程，实验等等，因此早上的3个单元的全部先快速过一遍非产有利于强化和抗遗忘。 用以上的方法背过的单词一定会记得很牢固。因为这种方法不但利用及时的复习改造了遗忘曲线，延缓了遗忘速度，而且基本上克服了前摄抑制和后摄抑制的影响。 建议大家选择上午特别是早晨的时间来背新单词，因为此时人的

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