阅读理解系统备考讲义-2023届高考英语二轮复习

2022年高考英语真题学习与应试指导阅读理解篇【新高考全国卷I】

真题学习+应试技巧

定位+替换

A篇（Information信息类）

一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章主旨大意 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．信息定位攻略: 注意一些限定词。尤其是this; the; these; those...,因为这是作者在给你暗示: )

Grading Policies (评分政策)for Introduction(介绍;说明;导论) to Literature (文学) Grading Scale（评分标准）

90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below（低于）60, E.

Essays (

程)

Daily(

记)

Late Work

级)

date

accepted (

A. A

academic article.(学术文章)

22. is a student's → 100%=60%+30%+10%

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.

23. What will happen if you submit (提交)→超过提交截止日期后果

A. You will receive (获得) a zero.[ receive=earn=get]

B. You will lose a letter grade (降低一个等级评分).

C. You will be given a test (测试).

D. You will have to rewrite(重写) it.

B篇（Introduction说明文）

一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息

二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现）

Like most of us, I try to be mindful(留意) of food that goes to waste (浪费) arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast (烤) chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck(放置) the chicken in the freezer(冷

Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers(回收) food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds(磅)of food by taking donations(捐赠)and collecting blemished（有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise (否则)would have rotted(腐烂) in fields(田野). And the strawberries? V olunteers will wash, cut, and freeze(冷冻) or dry them for use in meals down the road.

Such methods (方法) seem obvious(显而易见), yet so often we just don't think. "Everyone

(清洁能源).

C. It helps local(当地的) farmers grow fruits

D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.

27. What does Curtin suggest people do? →近义词复现

A. Buy only what is needed.

B. Reduce food consumption(消费；消耗).

C. Go shopping once a week.

D. Eat in restaurants less often.

C篇（Introduction说明文）

一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息

二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现）

The elderly（上了年纪的）residents（居民）in care homes (护理中心) in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.

The project(项目) was dreamed up by (是......的创意) a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce

(员工) in care homes

) are in use.

Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.

"I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair(轮椅) in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.

"It's good to have a different focus(焦点;专注). People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents（居民）come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful."

There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity(慈善机构)has been given financial(财政的;金融的)support to roll it out (推广)countrywide.

Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said.: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions(一段时间;会议). We are looking forward to the benefits (利益；津贴) and fun the project can bring to people here."

Lynn Lewis, director (主任)of Notting Hill Pathways, said: "We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect(连接)our residents through a shared interest (共同的利益) and creative activities."

28. What is the purpose(目的) of the project?→近义词复现It is to ...

A. To ensure(确保) harmony(和谐) in care homes.

B. To provide part-time(兼职) jobs for the aged (老年人).

C. To raise(筹集) money for medical research (医学研究).

D. To promote(促进;提高) the elderly people's welfare(福利).

29. How has the project affected (影响)R uth Xavier?→推理判断: 近义词复现

A. She has learned new life skills.

B. She has gained(获得) a sense of achievement (成就感).

C. She has recovered (恢复)her memory(记忆).

D. She has developed a strong personality(性格).

30. What do the underlined words "embark on" mean in paragraph 7? →词义猜测：one of the first to (第一个去做某事)

A. Improve.

B. Oppose (反对).

C. Begin.

D. Evaluate (评估).

31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? →推理判断

A. It is well received(反响很好).

B. It needs to be more creative.

C. It is highly profitable( 赢利的).

D. It takes ages (花费许多时间) to see the results.

D篇（Introduction说明文）

一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息

二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现）

Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common "m" and "a" to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking(开创性的), five-year study shows that diet-related(饮食相关的) changes in human bite led to(导致)new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.

More than 30 years ago, the scholar(学者) Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called

33. to produce(发出) lips easily.

enough.

34. What is

)application(应用)

) doubt about the

35. What does Steven Moran→ 观点态度

A. It is key to effective(有效的) communication.

B. It contributes(有助于) much to cultural diversity(多样性).

C. It is a complex and dynamic(动态的) system(系统).

D. It drives(驱动) the evolution of

human beings.

阅读理解系统备考讲义-2023届高考英语二轮复习

2022年高考英语真题学习与应试指导阅读理解篇【新高考全国卷I】 真题学习+应试技巧 定位+替换 A篇（Information信息类） 一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章主旨大意 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．信息定位攻略: 注意一些限定词。尤其是this; the; these; those...,因为这是作者在给你暗示: ) Grading Policies (评分政策)for Introduction(介绍;说明;导论) to Literature (文学) Grading Scale（评分标准） 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below（低于）60, E. Essays ( 程) Daily( 记) Late Work 级) date accepted ( A. A

academic article.(学术文章) 22. is a student's → 100%=60%+30%+10% A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. What will happen if you submit (提交)→超过提交截止日期后果 A. You will receive (获得) a zero.[ receive=earn=get] B. You will lose a letter grade (降低一个等级评分). C. You will be given a test (测试). D. You will have to rewrite(重写) it. B篇（Introduction说明文） 一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息 二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现） Like most of us, I try to be mindful(留意) of food that goes to waste (浪费) arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast (烤) chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck(放置) the chicken in the freezer(冷

2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解题型分类练(七)主旨大意题——标题归纳类

阅读理解题型分类练(七) 主旨大意题——标题归纳类 A [2022·高三湖北十一校第一次联考] As 16­year­old Torri'ell Norwood drove through Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car crashed them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree. As smoke rose from the car, a bystander shouted, “It's about to blow up! Get out！” Shaken but OK, Norwood crawled out thr ough the window as the driver's side door couldn't be opened.Along with two of her friends，who'd also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. After checking her pulse and found there was no sign of life, she started CPR. Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But just the day before, Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate by learning on her own. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she'd learned. She started pumping Simmons's chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in the hope of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.After quite a while, Simmons began coughing and taking quick deep breaths for air. The CPR had worked! Soon, the ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I am not shocked，” Simmons told ot hers. “She will always help any way she can.” 1．What caused the car crash?

2023高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题讲和练——说明文(含解析)

2023高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解专题 说明文 说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物进行科学的解说，对客观事物作出说明或对抽象事理进行阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等有科学的认识，从而获得有关知识。考情分析 说明文所选材料题材丰富多样，涉及社会、科技、文化、生活、人物、教育、生态、安全等方面。在高考英语阅读理解中，说明文所占比重尤为突出。它既要求考生能熟练运用词汇和语法知识、理解文章语句、把握语篇整体结构，还要求学生有大量的阅读积淀和知识储备，熟悉不同的话题和不同的题目考查方式。即便是细节理解题，大多数情况下考生也无法从文章中直接找到与选项表述完全一致的信息，而是需要在理解文章细节信息后作出归纳和判断。通常一套卷中主旨大意、词义猜测、写作意图/观点态度类高难度试题的考查数量为2道左右，说明文考查此类题目的频率较高，且命题点呈多样化。 二、文体特点与阅读策略 1. 语言特点： 阅读理解主要考查考生对词汇和句式的掌握和运用情况。说明文因其生僻词汇多、句式复杂等特点，相对于其他体裁的文章来说难度更大。结构特点： 说明文的特点是客观、简练，文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。说明文

通常采用以下结构形式： （1）总分式。事物说明文常用“总－分”式、“总－分－总”式和“分－总”式结构，完整的“总－分－总”式说明文先总体概括，再分说，最后再总结。 （2）递进式。事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。 （3）并列式。文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。 （4）对照式。通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。 不管采用何种方式行文，说明文基本上都会遵循“首段引入所要说明的话题，其他部分采用并列式段落或递进式段落对其进行说明”这一规律。 3. 备考误区 （1）阅读方法错误。比如用手指划着读或者边读边译都会减慢应有的阅读速度。此外，遇到新词马上停下去查词典，这不利于培养独立思考和解决问题的能力，也不利于提高利用构词法知识和根据上下文语境猜测词义的能力。 （2）基础知识不牢固。词汇量不足和缺乏语法、句法知识致使考生理解长句和难句的能力不强，比如对于新课标中的生僻词汇、一词多义、熟词生义以及派生词、合成词等不了解，导致无法理解文意。针对这个问题，考生平时要有目的地积累和总结。答完题后重读文章，找出做题过程中经常影响阅读的单词，将其积累到笔记本中，利用零碎时间加强记忆。

2023届高考英语二轮拔高复习训练：阅读理解说明文(六)

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2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练十词句猜测题__词义猜测类

阅读理解题型分类练(十) 词句猜测题——词义猜测类 A [2022·石家庄市高三教学质量检测(一)] Bob Shahmardi was 4 years old when he developed a severe disease. Success rates with the disease were relatively low at that time, but his family was lucky to find a community that was helpful when they didn't have many resources and it was at that time that Make­A­Wish stepped in. Through that organization, the Shahmardi family got to enjoy a trip to Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. The then 4­year­old hugged a character actor as part of a wish granted to him and his family by the organization. “It wasn't just going on a trip. It was more about how we got through that hard time. It was fun for me, but it was a lifeline for my parents，” said Bob. 30 years later, Bob and his wife, Jill Welch, decided to turn their wedding into a fundraiser for the Make­A­Wish Foundation. Their wedding guests financed two wishes of local children, with more being planned. Many donated generously to the cause, spending more, perhaps, than they might have if it was just to buy the couple a wedding gift like fine china or a kitchen appliance. Bo b said their wedding donation to the Make­A­Wish Foundation isn't going to be a “one__and__done” situation. The second plan on continuing to contribute is going forward. Gloria Jetter Crockett, president and chief executive officer of the organization, said she felt it amazing to have someone who benefited come back to pay it forward to other kids looking for wishes. Contrary to popular belief, Gloria stressed that wishes aren't given to critically ill children as a “last wish”， but are given as a part of the treatment process. The organization granted at least 165 wishes last year. This year Gloria hopes to grant wishes whose number is somewhere between 199 and 299, depending on funding. 1．Which of the following helped Bob realize his wish? A．The hospital.

2023届高三英语二轮复习阅读理解说明文专练(2020-2022近三年真题)(含答案)

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2023高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题讲和练——记叙文(含解析)

2023高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解专题 记叙文 记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。高考英语阅读理解中的记叙文类文章一般包括人物传记、哲理或故事等。人物传记类文章描述某个人的生平事迹、奋斗历程；故事类文章通过一个小故事，说明一个道理。 一、考情分析 通常一套卷有一篇记叙文，个别试卷选用两篇记叙文。所选的记叙文多以第一人称或第三人称为主，讲述一个短小精悍、有教育意义的故事，有时也会选用生活中的轶闻趣事。所讲述的故事题材丰富多样、富有生活气息，多按时间顺序叙述，偶尔也会有倒叙或插叙的 情形。 从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜测题和代词指代题为辅，难度总体上属于中等程度。记叙文阅读理解题要求考生能理清记叙的顺序与所讲故事的情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。 二、文体特点与阅读策略 1. 语言与结构特点 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中

描写的主要内容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。 2. 答题误区 记叙文阅读理解题的易错点往往在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。解题时，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对时间和事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。 3. 阅读策略 在做阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中提到的多个时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。 三、实战演练 【原创试题（一）】 I didn’t q uite know what I was looking for when I flew to Mongolia for a semester abroad. I just needed something different, far from the late-night libraries of my college town. Most different, I hoped, would be my rural homestay: two weeks in central Mongolia with a family of nomadic (游牧的) herders.

外刊阅读理解+完型+语法填空练习-2023届高三英语二轮复习

高考英语二轮复习英美外刊原创题训练八题源Time （Double issue吠勿2022）有删减阅读理解 A All lights are out here in my home city of Dhaka（达卡,孟加拉国首都）as I write these words. Cyclone （龙卷风）Sitrang has knocked out the electricity, plunging this city of 22 million people into darkness. But one thing we Bangladeshis are not in the dark about is climate change. We understand that overheating the planet has made cyclones stronger and more destructive. We know this largely because our media have long treated climate change as a major news story that the public needs to know about. As record heat, drought, fires, and floods afflict more and more of humanity, it is clear that our planetary house is on fire. Our experience in Bangladesh illustrates that more and better news coverage is also an essential climate solution, because it fosters the broad awareness and public pressure on governments thafs needed to put the fire out. Unfortunately, mainstream news outlets in the U.S. have a long history of downplaying or misreporting the climate story. During Obama's presidency, U.S. news outlets devoted 40 times as much coverage to the Kardashians as to how global warming was overheating the oceans. In 2021, climate stories still accounted for only 1% of total coverage by ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox News. Not so in Bangladesh. Tens of millions of people live in the low-lying coastal region, where they are threatened by cyclones from the ocean and sea level rise. Extreme weather events kept illustrating how vulnerable our country was. Climate change is therefore a life-and-death issue for Bangladesh, and our media cover it accordingly. The contrast with the U.S. is stark. When Hurricane Ian was bearing down on Florida, only 4% of U.S. national-TV networks9initial coverage even mentioned climate change. Is it any surprise, then, that Americans know so little about climate change? More and better news coverage is not a silver bullet. But it is indispensable to changing course in time to preserve a livable planet, for all of us. 1.What do Bangladeshis have a good knowledge of according to the text? A.the power failure B.climate change C.our planetary house D.Cyclone SitrangWhich of the following is correct according to the passage? A.U.S. news reported 40 times as much coverage to the global warming as to the Kardashians. B.Mainstream news media in Bangladesh have misreported the climate issue. C.Hurricane Ian showed how vulnerable America was. D.It is important for the media to cover climate change more and better. 2.What does “silver bullet“ mean in the last paragraph? A.a magical weapon B.something hard to tackle with

2023届高考英语二轮复习北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练作业含答案

阅读理解 Preschool Girl Lifts Old Man’s Spirits When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience. As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly. “How old are you today?” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend “Mr. Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82. They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways. That could have been the end of the story. But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship. Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan smile since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter. Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted sleep. Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents — and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life,” Tara Wood said. 1．Mr. Dan looked cold because ________. A．he felt lonely B．he disliked little kids C．nobody had hugged him D．he knew little about Norah 2．How did Tara know more about Mr. Dan? A．From a news reporter.B．From a stranger.

2023届高考二轮复习阅读理解专项训练英语试题(含答案)

2023届高考二轮复习阅读理解专项训练 篇目文体类型话题 A 应用文艺术节活动 B 新闻报道工匠精神 C 记叙文环境保护 D 说明文Chat GPT A In Singapore, it seems like art is at every turn. Look closely and you’ll discover masterpieces in front of an office building, a walkway, and even on a rooftop garden, where everyone can appreciate them up close. In order to further promote art, festivals are held throughout the year. Here are some of the biggest art draws to come. ARTWALK When: January An annual public art festival, Artwalk takes place in the culturally rich neighborhoods of Little India and Katong-Joo Chiat. Visitors can learn about the food, stories and history of two of Singapore’s most distinct communities on guided walking tours. They can even experience art and culture up close with hands—on workshops with local artists, storytellers and cultural experts. ART SG When: March