六级阅读讲义第一讲(填空版)

六级阅读第一讲

一、阅读三大原则

1、______________原则

－题干划出________________, 加强阅读目的性。

－_______________ （读文章时与选项紧密结合）

2、_____________（主旨题除外）

－题目顺序与______________一致。

3、________________原则

－通过“______________________”来确定答案范围

二、关键词特征

关键词通常为__________，也可以是____________________。

1、__________名词>_____________名词。（人名，地名，机构名…）

2、若题干都是普通名词，遵循如下原则：

__________名词>_____________名词>______________名词3.、________________>名词。

关键词一定要：________________

三、应试类阅读理解

阅读：__________原则

理解：__________原则

阅读三步：1、题干2、定位3、选项

题型分类：

主旨 1. 主旨题（10%，_________________）

2. 态度题（10%，_________________）

细节 3. 细节题（40%，_________________）

4. 推理题（20%，_________________）

5. 语义题（20%，_________________）

逻辑走向

顺关系：___________________________

反关系：___________________________

注：反关系：重点在_____________。

顺关系：后面信息往往是对前面信息的________________。

真题：

The first paragraph describes in detail____ (2007.6 )

The use of deferential （敬重的）language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she “treads softly（谨言慎行）in the world”, elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.

A)the standards set for contemporary Japanese women.

B) the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan.

C) the stereotyped role of women in Japanese families.

D) the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow.

6. What do we learn about new science Ph.D s in the United States today?(2013.12) There was a time not long ago when new science Ph. D.s in the United States were expected to pursue a career path in academia (学术界）.But today, most graduates end up working outside academia, not only in industry but also in careers such as science policy, communications, and patent law. Partly this is a result of how bleak the academic job market is, but there's also a rising awareness of career options that Ph.D. scientists haven’t trained for directly—but for which they have useful knowledge, skills, and experience. Still, there’s a huge disconnect between the way we currently train scientists and the actual employment opportunities available for them, and an urgent need for dramatic improvements in training programs to help close the gap. One critical step that could help to drive change would be to require Ph.D. students and postdoctoral scientists to follow an individual development plan

(IDP).

A) They lack the skills and expertise needed for their jobs.

B) They can choose from a wider range of well-paying jobs.

C) They often have to seek jobs outside the academic circle.

D) They are regarded as the nation's driving force of change.

关键词组阐释

end up doing ≠stop doing

以…做什么而告终停止正在做的事

结果变成

最后发展成

end up working outside academia

结果跑到学术界外找工作

Eg: Wasteful people usually end up in debt.

挥霍浪费者最后往往负债。

Most slimmers end up putting weight back on.

大多数减肥的人最后又发胖了。

四、正确选项特征

1、定位准确:_____________________________

2、改写正确：（1）____________________________

（2）____________________________

把…归因为…credit…to…

attribute…to…

ascribe…to…

使…接触expose sb to

52. What do we learn from the first paragraph? (2013.6)

The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated. Unemployment in January jumped to a 16-year high of 7.6 percent, as 598,000 jobs were slashed from U.S, payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December, 1974. With 1.8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire to boost the economy as quickly as possible. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers.

A)The U.S. economic situation is going from bad to worse.

B) Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs.

C) The U.S. government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls.

D) The recent economic crisis has taken the U.S. by surprise.

62. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph? （2012. 06）People are being lured （引诱）onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up loads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

A)It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.

B) It makes money by putting on advertisements.

C) It profits by selling its users’personal data.

D) It provides loads of information to its users.

五、干扰选项特征

1. 拼凑细节

2. 无中生有：____________________

无中生有忠于原文

特别注意：未提及的________________绝对不能选。

六、段落题

1、特征

题干明确面向一个或几个段落提问

题干常问整段大意、或从整段归纳及推理

题干问的某信息在某段中出现多次

例如

What do we know from the last paragraph?

We can infer from the first paragraph that ____.

What do we learn from the first few paragraphs?

At the beginning/end of the passage, the author suggests that ____.

2、解法

常考察段落重点句信息

____________原则：___________________________________

____________原则：___________________________________

____________原则：___________________________________

52. What can we learn from the first paragraph? (2011-6)

At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? The American public overwhelmingly thinks they're bad. Yet the consensus among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small net boost to the economy. Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets. So why is there such a discrepancy between the perception of immigrants' impact on the economy and the reality?

A)Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists.

B)The American economy used to thrive on immigration but now it's a different story.

C)The consensus among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged.

D)The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration.

52. What can we learn from the first paragraph that ___(2009-6)

For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you’d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct.

A．human activities have changed the way turtles survive

B．efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out

C．government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles’extinction

D．marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles’reproduction

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