定语从句翻译(长短句)
根据汉语的表达习惯及对原文的忠实度，翻译这类定语从句可以采用以下几种方法1.1前置合译法( 前滚翻)：若定语从句较短，较简单，与名词（先行词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句( 较短且有描述性的非限定)，一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“。。。的”
1）T he action it takes at any moment can’t be predicted,and people find that disturbing.
它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这使人们觉得有些乱。
2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in the cold.
借用的话来说（插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首），我成了一个被打入冷宫的间谍。
3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life.
全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。
4）T he people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。
5)We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome.
给我们留下极深印象的是：（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。
6)One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis.
对禁食猪肉的一种解释是：如果未被煮透的话，猪肉可能会传播一种叫旋毛虫病的疾病。
7)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
8)Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another.
即使是老道的作家也很可能不能完全描述出决定人的面孔各不相同的所有特征。
9）The sun , which had hidden all day , now came out in all its splendor.
（那个）整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在（如今）又光芒四射地露面了(介词短语做状语的翻译方法)。
10）The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s mouth, which was wide, thin and hard set. 讲话人那又阔又薄又紧绷的嘴巴有助于他加强说话的语气。
11) He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant.
他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。
12)But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. 的富有感染力的笑声打破了静默。
13)Yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experiments that physicists had devised: the velocity（速度）of light did not vary.
然而在任何物理学家所进行过的精细巧妙的实验中，都没有发现这种影响：光速没有变化。
1．2切分重复法（后置分译法）：若定从较复杂，或与先行词的关系疏松，如果把它翻译在其修饰的先行词的后面的话，会显得定语太过于臃肿和复杂，不符合汉语表达习惯时,而无法让评卷老师看的清清楚楚，明明白白。一般用分译法将从句译成一个句子。
1.2.1先翻主句，再翻从句，重复关系代词所指代的名词。（英汉两种语言的差异，英语要避免重复，汉语喜欢重复，因此，将指示代词明确之后，重复出来）
1)Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another.
即使是最老道的作家也很可能描述出全部特征，这些特征能够体现出各人面孔的不同。
2)I bought a book which was written by Lu Xun, ( which was)imposed great impact on several generations.
1) At dinner I found myself placed between Mrs. Bradly ,and a shy drab girl who seemed even younger than others.席间，我发现自己坐在布拉得雷太太和一腼腆乏味的女孩子中间；她( 这个女孩)看上去比其余人都年轻。
2）A writer——in fact every one of us in life——needs that loving-mother force from which all creation flows …一个作家——实际上生活中的每个人——都需要慈母的力量，它（这种力量）是创造一切的源泉。
3）He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings them ( those aims) within the reach of a majority of the human race.
他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地奉献给了这场斗争，这场斗争（该斗争）今天已使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标。
4) They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which , in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正为实现一个理想而努力，这个
理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，（然而），在过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
5)They would have had to live the rest of their lives under the stigma that he had recklessly precipitated an action which wrecked the Summit Conference and conceivably could have launched a nuclear war.
他们可能得在臭名中终其一生，这个臭名就是：他曾经贸然地采取了一项行动，这项行动破坏了最高级会谈，甚至可以设想，还可能触发了一场核战争。
6）I told the story to John , who told it to his brother.我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。
7)Kissenger and his small group of aides toured the Forbidden City , where the Chinese emperors had once lived in lofty splendor.
基辛格及其一小组随从参观了故宫，从前的中国皇帝曾在这里（这故宫）过着奢华显赫的生活。
8)The cook turned pale, and asked the housemaid to shut the door, who asked Brittles, who asked the tinker, who pretended not to hear.
厨子的脸色变得苍白，要女仆把门关上，（省略连词），女仆（重复关系代词的所指）叫布，布（重复关系代词的指代）又（根据逻辑增词）叫补锅匠关，而（关系代词转换成连词）假装没听见。
9)The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.（非限定性定语从句）
“希腊人认为语言结构与思维过程有着某种关系，这种观点在人们认识到语言的千差万别之前就在欧洲扎了根。”
10）Another popular spectator sport, which is known as the sport of kings, is horse-racing, which is controlled by the Jockey Club.译文：另一种以特大型运动著称的流行观赏运动是赛马，这种比赛由赛马总会控制。
本句话中，两个which引导的定语从句分别对前面的名词“spectator sport”和“horse-racing”，如果去掉这两个定语从句，句子就比较简单“Another popular spectator sport is horse-racing.”
11)Attending services at the Cathedral of Pisa, he found himself watching a swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in small ones.
分析：定语从句被翻译为后置的并列分句，用人称代词它代替先行词吊架灯。
参考译文：一次在比萨大教堂做礼拜时，他发现自己正看着一个吊灯架，它随着气流时而划一个大弧，时而划一个小弧。
1.3定语从句后置，省略关系代词所指代的含义，不翻译出来。
1)He did not find any one in the house who particularly cared to see .他认为家里没有人特别想知道的。
2) Carrie reached home in high good spirits，which she could scarcely conceal.嘉莉兴高采烈地回到家，想掩饰也掩饰不住。（省主语）
3)After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.
饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。
4) He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury.
他看见前面那个憔悴的白发老人，眼睛里愤怒地闪着红光。
5) When she was lost to his view, he pursued his homeward way, glancing up sometimes at the sky, where the clouds were sailing fast and wildly.
直到看不见她了，他才往家里走去，不时抬头望望天空，乌云在翻滚奔驰。
6)His wife, Betty, is a Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book, “Eight Moon”, tells of her sister Sansan’s life in China.
他的妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人，八岁离开中国，写过一本名为《八月》的书，记述她妹妹姗姗在中国的生活。
7)As brighter areas of the image eject more electrons than the darker or shaded portions, an electronic image is produced in which varying degrees of positive charge duplicate light intensities seen in the scene being pictured.
参考译文：因为图像的较明亮的部分比黑暗的部分或者阴影部分发射的电子更多，所以产生的电子图像随正电荷的变化强度，使正在描述的荧幕上的光强度成倍增强。
1.4分译连词法翻译成状语从句将关系代词转换成连词
1)He insisted on building another house which he had no use for.
上例能译成“他坚持再建一座他不用的房子”或“他坚持再建一座房，这房他不用”吗？显然不能，因为这样的译文令读者莫名其妙。这两种译文是套用定语词组和并列分句形式而译的，然而错了。
他虽自己不用，但仍坚持再建一座房。
英语定语从句——尤其是非限制性定语从句——有时兼有状语从句的职能，可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果等等关系。
2)In a personal sense ,I think of my eldest daughter , whose birthday is today .就个人来讲，我想到我的大女儿，因为今天是她的生日。（表原因）
3)These actions, which have aroused universal and unreserved disapproval, must nevertheless give us a pause.这些行动，虽已激起普遍而毫不掩饰的反对，却也使我们举棋不定。（表让步）
4)In a dispute between two states with which one is friendly, try not to get involved.在两国发生争端时，如与该两国皆友好，则应避免卷入。（表条件）。
5)Copper, which is used so widely for carrying electricity , offers very little resistance.铜的电阻很小，因此被广泛用于输电。（表结果）
The lungs are subjected to several diseases which are treatable by surgery.肺易受几种疾病的侵袭，但均可经手术治疗。
6)Humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
人类有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而使所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想像。(2003考研)
7)Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man.虽然电子计算机有很多优点，但它们不能进行创造性工作，因此代替不了人。（定语译成状语）
8)Gases are different from solid in that the former have greater compressibility than the latter. 气体不同与固体，因为气体比固体有更大的压缩性（定语从句译为状语从句）
9)School programs will be much more responsive to what the child is capable of thinking, which will minimize over-challenge and under-challenge. 学校的课程将会更加适合学生的思考能力，从而减少课程过难或过于容易的现象。
10)Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
在这个句子中which引导非限制性定语从句修饰名词an agreed account，而the world does not have是省略了从句引导词that的定语从句，修饰something。这个定语从句在这里有一个转折的逻辑关系在里边
事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。（97 考研）
11) Each course which a student attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree.
译文：学生所上的每门课都将给他一个学分，当学生把所得学分累加到一定数量就可以获得一个学位。
本句子的表象也是有点复杂，但是如果我们明白定语从句可以限定名词，就可以把定语从句的部分先括起来跳过不看，抓住主干。第一个从句which a student attends 到这里已经完整，所以括起来，同理第二个从句which he may count towards a degree，剩下的即为主干Each course gives him a credit.在翻译时，要注意汉语句子的结构平衡，所以一般把短的定语从句放在被限定名词前面翻译，而把相对较长的定语从句放在
被限定的名词后面翻译。
12)Rockets perform best in space, where there is no atmosphere to impede their motion.
分析：在语义上，定语从句与主句的关系为因果关系，因此我们将定语从句译成原因状语从句。
参考译文：火箭在太空中运行最佳，因为在那儿不存在阻碍他们运动的大气。
1.5.融合法把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句，定语从句译成谓语。这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句，尤其是“there be”句型中。具体作法是，将原主句的的词或词组用作独立句的主语，再将定语从句用作谓语，这样便译成独立句
翻译英语There be 句型和带定语从句的复合句时，常用溶合法。溶合法就是把原主句的主语同定语从句溶合在一起而译成独立句的方法。溶合法要求改变句子的构造形式。
1)There is a girl downstairs who wants to see you.楼下有人要见你。
2)There are many people who are interested in the new invention.很多人对这项发明感兴趣。
3）He paid that peculiar deference to women which every member of the sex appreciates.他对女性殷勤令每个女人所赏识。
如①将He paid that peculiar deference to women 压缩译为“他对女性的殷勤”而定语从句“which every member of the sex appreciates”译为谓语“令每个女人所常识”。
4)What were the hopes and dreams that had made of them the incredibly stubborn warriors?是什么希望，什么目标，什么理想使他们成为顽强到令人难以置信的战士呢
将原句中的主句与定语从句重新组织，译成一个独立的句子。
5)There are those who insist that the era of a computer terminal on every desk is just around the corner, while others insist that traditional teaching methods will never give way to computerized instruction.
有些人坚信，每张课桌上放一台计算机终端设备的时代即将来临，而另一些坚持说传统的教学方法决不会让位于计算机教学。
改变定语从句的位置
①It has long been my wish to encounter one of the oldest civilizations in earth .I have come amidst you from Egypt ,On the banks of the Nile ,which also has a most ancient civilization .我一直向往着要同世界最古老的文明会晤。尼罗河畔的埃及也有着最古老的文明，我正是从那里来到你们中间。改变定语从句的位置
②You’ve given Feldstyn ,who dislikes me any how ,the chance he was waiting for .费尔德丁反正讨厌我，你给他的机会正是他求之不得的。改变定语从句的位置
1.6断开法当前置或后置都要影响上下文连贯时，可以将其放在主句中间，用破折号或括号等将其与主句断开。
1)The last bits and pieces of interplanetary debris（星际碎片）from which Earth formed were just arriving.
最后的一批星际碎片（地球正是由这些碎片构成的）正降落在地球上
我们同样可以用括号或破折号将非限制性从句和主句断开。
2) All commercial communication satellites, which began to be launched in1965, are now designed for use in geosynchronous orbits（地球同步轨道）。
所有商业性通讯卫星（1965年开始发射）现在都设计用于地球同步轨道。
定语从句句子翻译练习
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定语从句翻译练习1. 我绝不能理解他犯这样一个严重错误的原因。 _______________________________________________________________________ ___ 2. 他们来到一座小房子，房子前面坐着一个男孩。 _______________________________________________________________________ ____ 3. 把我们带向体育馆的那条路又宽又长。 _______________________________________________________________________ ______ 4. 造成这次事故的驾驶员是谁？ _______________________________________________________________________ _______ 5. 这是你必须注意的那个单词。 _______________________________________________________________________ ___ 6. 他是那个唯一擅长跳舞的学生。 _______________________________________________________________________ ______ 7. 他把我打了，这是我没有预料到的。 _______________________________________________________________________ ______
定语从句翻译技巧精编版
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定语从句翻译技巧 在英语中, 定语从句很常见, 翻译时如不进行仔细分析就会出现误译。通过实例对定语从句的翻译技巧做一探讨, 并将这些翻译技巧赋予理论概念, 即定语从句定语化, 定语从句谓语化, 定语从句状语化。在把汉语翻译成带有定语从句的英语时，中国学生常常会受到母语的影响会出现误译。因此我们要对比英汉两种语言，以便避免汉语的负迁移。 一英译汉时定语从句翻译中的易错点 英语中的定语从句是在句中起形容词作用的结构, 通常分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。进行英译汉翻译时如不进行仔细分析，就会造成误译。比如，下面两个句子仅有一个逗号之差，含义却不同： His brother who is a soldier is eighteen years old now. His brother, who is a soldier, is eighteen years old now. 第一句应译为：他那个当兵的哥哥今年十八岁了。（含义为：他不止一个哥哥。句中的限制性定语从句起到限定的作用。） 第二句应译为：他的哥哥今年十八岁了，他在当兵。（含义为：他只有一个哥哥。句中的非限制性定语从句起到补充说明的作用。） 定语从句在英语中大量出现, 它有长有短, 结构有简有繁, 对先行词的限制有强有弱, 定语从句有时起着补充说明和分层叙述的作用, 或在逻辑上表示原因、目的、条件, 让步和结果等意义。在语序上, 英文定语从句置于先行词之后.。所以汉译时必须正确体会原文的逻辑概念, 合理安排译文的语序。 二英译汉时定语从句的翻译方法 英语定语从句虽然种类繁多, 变化复杂, 但一般均可以用以下三种方法翻译。
初中英语定语从句翻译练习
初中英语定语从句翻译练习 1.我们去年在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了. 2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。 3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 4.你喜欢的女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。 6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。11.有什么事我能帮你吗12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。13.那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。 14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. 15.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。16.正像我们刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。17.正像我妈昨天告诉我的那样，我的女朋友根本不爱我。18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗21. 她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。22. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗 1.那本绿皮的书是关于太空的. 2.这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 3.北京是我的出生地 4.你还记得我第一次见到你的那一天吗? 5.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了 6.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方 7.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察 8.这是她买的第三个手机 9.有没有我能帮忙的事? 10.我喜欢能使我放松的音乐 11.他们租了一间窗户坏掉的房子 1.The book which has a green cover is about space. 2. 2.Is this the reason that he refused our help? 3. 3.Beijing is where i was born. 4. 4.Do you still remember the day that i first met you? 5. 5.His father died the year he was born. 6. 6.It is not so easy for him to find the place where he lived 40 years ago. 7.7.The thief gave all that he stoled to the police at last. 8.8.This is the third cellphone that she buyed. 9.9.Is there anything that i can help? 10.10.I like music which can make me feel easy. 11.11.They rent a room whose windows are broken 1. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
定语从句翻译及句子合成练习
1. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗 2.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 3.你喜欢女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 4.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。 5.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。 6.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。} 7.有什么事我能帮你吗 8.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. 9.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。 10.正像我们刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。 11.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗 — 12. 我认识文章发表了的那个学生
13腿伤了的那个人过去是个足球运动员。 一．（A）把下列各组句子合并成一句。 1. John is a very kind-hearted man. You can turn to him for help. 2. The book is written by that famous writer. I am very interested in it. 3. Tom is the boy. I went to the cinema with him together. — 4. Have you remembered the factory We worked in it last year. 5. It is the gold diamond. I spent all my money on it. 6. The old Olympic Games could date back to 776 BC. The modern games come from it. 7. I have nine friends in America. Four of them work as doctors. 8. The woman has just won a gold medal. I read about her in the newspaper. 9. The house is 7 kilometers away. I was born in it. … 10. This is the very farm. My father used to work on it. 11. The letter is from my uncle. I received it yesterday. 12. The teacher saw what happened. He was standing nearby. 13. The girl is not here now. She told me the news. 14. This is the tree. He was climbing
定语从句翻译练习
定语从句翻译练习 1. 我有一位非常喜欢音乐的朋友 2. 我将永远记住在高一时教我们化学的那位老师 3. 英语是全世界都使用的语言 4. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的运动 5. 今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天 6. 头一件你需要做的事就是学习英语 7. 玛丽所指的是哪一幅画 8. 那班我正在等的火车现在已经晚了半小时 9. 我们在街上遇见的那位女士是我们的数学老师 10. 他告诉我侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情
11. 这是我第一次遇见我班主任的地方 12. 我们发现一家餐厅，那里的食物精美可口 13. 那是你借给他钱的那位男士吗 14. 这是你必须改掉的坏习惯 15. 所有你照顾的孩子都会喜欢游泳 16. 我有一位同学，他的母亲是一位著名的歌唱家 17. 我住在一间窗户朝北的房间里 18. 这首诗正如人们所知道的那样，这首诗是由汪国真写的 19. 他为什么缺席的原因不明 20. 我真的很喜欢甜食，那就是我牙齿不好的原因 21. 正像老师昨天说的那样，他通过了考试
22. 正像刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易 23. 我将永远记住待在农村生活的那段日子 24. 孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书 25. 你知道他打算出国留学的原因吗？ 26. 我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。 27. 我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 28. 她是我见过的最善良的女孩。 29. 这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页 30. 昨天在购物中心，我遇见了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。 31. 人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。
答案 1. 我有一位非常喜欢音乐的朋友 I have a friend who likes music very much. 2. 我将永远记住在高一时教我们化学的那位老师 I will remember the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 3. 英语是全世界都使用的语言 English is a language which is used all over the world. 4. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的运动 Football is the sport (which/that ) most boys like/ are fond of. 5. 今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天 Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced. 6. 头一件你需要做的事就是学习英语 The first thing you have to do is to study English. 7. 玛丽所指的是哪一幅画? Which is the picture (that) Mary pointed at? 8. 那班我正在等的火车现在已经晚了半小时 The train (which) I’m waiting for is now half an hour later. 9. 我们在街上遇见的那位女士是我们的数学老师
定语从句翻译训练答案
定语从句翻译训练答案集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
定语从句汉译英练习：1、她就是那个努力学习数学的女孩。 She is the girl who studies math hard. 2、他就是我们刚才谈论的那个人。 He is the man whom/that we talked about just now. 3、这就是那个爸爸是警察的女孩。 This is the girl whose father is a policeman. 4、他们住在一座窗户朝南的房子里。 They live in a house whose windows face south. 5、我仍然记得我第一次来到这座城市的那一天 I still remember the day when we first arrived in the city. 6、这就是我们以前住过的房子 This is the house in which/where we used to live. 7、他们来到一所农舍，农舍前面坐着一个小男孩
They arrived at a cottage, in front of which sat a little boy. 8、我花10元钱买的钢笔丢了 I lost the pen that cost me 10 yuan. 9、那个女人住在楼下，她是个音乐家 The woman lives downstairs, who is a musician. 10、他考试通过了，这使他父母很高兴 He passed the exam, which made his parents happy. 11.、众所周知，中国将在2008年举办奥运会As we all know, china host the olympic games in 2008. china host the olympic games in 2008, which we all know. 12、我永远记得我参军的那一天 I will always remember the day when I joined the army. 13、我们班有50个学生，三分之二是女生 There are 50 students in our class, 2/3 of whom are girls. 14、我们期望的那一天将很快来到
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译 中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译 定语从句的翻译 1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语： 1). Everything that is around us is matter. 我们周围的一切都是物质 2). He is the only one among us that knows French. 他是我们 中唯一懂法语的人。 3). I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他来迟的原因。 4). Certain ideas, principles, and laws often form the foundation on which other ideas, principles and laws of a science are constructed. 一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其他思想、原则和法律赖以形成的基础。 5). Stainless steels must contain a minimum of 10% chromium. This is the reason why they are stainless. 不锈钢至少要含有10%的铬，这就是不锈钢不生锈的原因。 6). Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy. 供照明的电能可以转化为光能。 7). An electric field is a space where an electric force exists. 电场就是电力存在的空间。 8). The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.
2定语从句的翻译二
定语从句的“并列套用” 中文里“本位词”和“外位语”如何翻译成英文 英文短句的翻译方法 中英文事实和评论的关系 英文中四种句子的翻译方法 中英文关联词的使用和英文中人名地名的翻译 中英文的一个重要差异：中文是动态性语言，善于用动词；英文是静态性语言，善于用名词 定语从句的翻译二 This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work. 这种假设基于人性中内在懒惰的谬论，实际上，除了不正常懒惰的人以外，很少有人不愿意挣只比最低生活费多的钱，也很少有人愿意无所事事，而不去工作。
第一步：断句 This assumption rests on the fallacy/ of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually,/ aside from abnormally lazy people,/ there would be very few/ who would not want to earn more than the minimum,/ and who would prefer to do nothing/ rather than work. 并列套用： 中心词+ 定语1 + 定语2 + 定语3 + 。。。European’s today, like Americans 200 years ago, seek a world where strength does not matter so much, where unilateral action by nations is forbidden and where all nations regardless of their strength are protected by commonly agreed rules of behavior. 当今的欧洲人，就和两百年前的美国人一样，寻找这样一个世界，在那里，武力并不是最重要的，禁止由国家发起的单边运动，所有国家不论其实力，都受到普遍公认的行为准则的保护。 第二步：翻译 假设是基于这样一种谬论：人性中存在着天生的懒惰。
定语从句翻译和改错练习
定语从句翻译练习 This is the doctor who saved the boy 's life . 这就是救了孩子生命的医生 She is the new stude nt whom I want to in troduce to you . 她就是我要介绍给你的新学生 The first place that we 'll visit is Beijing Library. 我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆 He is the only pers on that is believable. 他是唯一可靠的人。 Please pass me the book which is lyi ng on the table. 请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。 The no vel which Tom bought is very in teresti ng. 汤姆买的小说很有意思。 Can you lend me the magaz ine which you talked about yesterday? 你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？ The bike whose brake was damaged has now bee n repaired. =The bike the tyre of which was damaged has now bee n repaired 那辆坏了轮胎自行车现在已经修好了。 你知道他打算娶你的原因吗？ Do you know the reasonfor which he is going to marry you? Do you know the reasonwhy he is going to marry you? 我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。 I hate the hotelwhere I lived. I hate the hotelin which I lived. 我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 I will n ever forget the autu mn whe n I studied and lived with you. I will n ever forget the autu mn in which I studied and lived with you. 他爱了 20年的那个女孩昨天嫁人了。 The girl whom he had bee n in love with for 20 yearsmarried some one yesterday. 她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。 She is the beautiful girl that I have ever see n. 有什么事我能帮你吗？ Is there anythin gthat I can do for you? 这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. This is the pagewhere you can find the an swer. This is the pagewhich you can find the an swer on. 正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。 As the teacher told me yesterdayhe didn 't pass the exam.
(完整版)定语从句翻译练习(综合版)
定语从句翻译练习（综合版） 1.我有一位非常喜欢音乐的朋友。 2.我将永远记住在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 3.英语是全世界都使用的语言。 4.足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的运动。 5.今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天。 6.你需要做的第一件事就是学习英语。 7.玛丽所指的是哪一幅画。 8.那班我正在等的火车现在已经晚了半小时。 9.我们在街上遇见的那位女士是我们的数学老师。 10.他告诉我侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情。 11.这是我第一次遇见我班主任的地方。 12.我们发现一家餐厅，那里的食物精美可口。 13.那是你借给他钱的男士吗？ 14.这是你必须改掉的习惯。 15.你照顾的所有的孩子都喜欢游泳。 16.我有一位同学，他的母亲是一位著名的歌唱家。 17.我住在一间窗户朝北的房间里。 18.这首诗正如人们所知道的那样，这首诗是由汪国真写的。 19.他为什么缺席的原因不明确。 20.我真的很喜欢甜食，这就是我牙齿不好的原因。 21.正像老师昨天说的那样，他考试及格了。 22.正如刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。 23.我将永远记住呆在农村生活的那段日子。 24.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 25.你知道他打算出国留学的原因吗？ 26.我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。 27.我永远也忘记不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 28.她是我见过的最善良的女孩。 29.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页。 30.昨天在购物中心，我遇到了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。 31.人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。 32.这就是我们昨天参观过的那个图书馆。
参考答案 1. I have a friend who likes music very much. 2. I will always remember the teacher who taught us chemistry at high school. 3. English is the language which is used all over the world. 4. Football is a sport that/which most boys like. 5. Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever had. 6. The first thing (that) you need to do is learn English. 7. Which is the picture (that) Marie refers to? 8. The train (that) I was waiting for is now half an hour late. 9. The lady (whom/that) we met in the street is our math teacher. 10. He told me all (that) detectives wanted to know. 11. This is the first time (that) I met my class teacher. 12. We found a restaurant where the food was delicious. 13. Is that the man (that) you lend money? 14. This is the habit (that) you must change. 15. All the children (that) you care for are fond of swimming. 16. I have a classmate whose mother is a famous singer. 17. I live in a room whose windows face north. 18. This poem, as is known to all, is written by Wang Guozhen. 19. The reason why he was absent is not clear. 20. I really like sweet food. That's the reason why I don't have good teeth. 21. As the teacher said yesterday, he passed the exam. 22. As we have just discussed, learning English is very easy. 23. I will always remember the days when I lived in the countryside. 24. The book which was written by Mr. Sun is the best book in the world. 25. Do you know the reason why he plans to study abroad? 26. I hate the hotel where I stayed. / in which I stayed. 27. I will never forget the autumn when we lived and studied together. 28. She is the most kindhearted girl (whom/that) I have ever met. 29. This is the page where you can find the answer. 30. Yesterday at the shopping center, I met the professor (whom/that) I met at a party. 31. People will always remember the time when Hongkong and Macao returned to the motherland. 32. This is the library (which/that) we visited yesterday.
定语从句翻译方法的整理
定语从句的翻译 英语中，定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先行词后面。 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的其别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面，并且没有限制意义的强弱之分，因此，限制与非限制在翻译中并不起十分重要的作用。 英语中多用结构复杂的定语从句，而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以，在翻译定语从句时，一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。 从结构上分析，常见的定语从句翻译方法： 一、前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。 既然定语从句的意义是作定语修饰语，所以在翻译的时候，通常把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语，翻译在定语从句的先行词前面。 He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。 Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. 太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。 His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。 Harmonious interpersonal relationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here. 同事之间关系融洽是我喜欢在这工作的主要原因。 二、后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。 英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，而无法叙述清楚。这时，可以把定语从句翻译在先行词后面，译成并列分句。翻译时可以用两种方法来处理： （一）重复先行词 由于定语从句的先行词通常在定语从句中充当句子成分，如果单独把定语从句翻译出来的话，常常需要重复先行词，还可以用代词代替先行词来重复。
定语从句-翻译练习
定语从句---翻译练习-(英语-中文)： This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life . 这就是救了孩子生命的医生 She is the new student whom I want to introduce to you . 她就是我要介绍给你的新学生 Please pass me the book which is lying on the table. 请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。 The novel which Tom bought is very interesting. 汤姆买的小说很有意思。 Can you lend me the magazine which you talked about yesterday? 你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？ The professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. Williams The professor, the daughter of whom teaches you English, is Dr. Williams. 那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。 The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired. =The bike the tyre of which was damaged has now been repaired 那辆坏了轮胎自行车现在已经修好了。 The woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang. 正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。 I’d like to see the films that are just on sh ow. 我想看那些刚上映的电影。 They talked for about an hour of things and persons that they remember in the school. 他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，谈了大约有半个小时。 I’ll tell you all(that )I know about it . 我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。 Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？ I’ve brought everything (that )you need. 我把你需要的东西都拿来了。 This is the best film that I have seen . 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 The first place that we’ll visit is Beijing Library. 我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆 He is the only person that is believable. 他是唯一可靠的人。 John is the very person that she wants to see. 约翰正是她要见的人。 Who is the man that is talking with Tom ? 正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？ Which of the books that you bought is easy to read? 你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。He came at a time when we. needed him most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。 We’ll never forget the day when the People’s R epublic of China was founded.
定语从句的用法并翻译例句
定语从句的用法并翻译例句 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代 词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 用于指人或指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who 代替whom，也可省略。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 【注意】 （1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 This is the house in which we lived last year. 译：_____________________________________________________________
定语从句初中翻译练习题
1.我们在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了. The old lady whom we had taken care of in the hospital last year died. 2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。 The girl whom you want to marry stole your wallet yesterday. 3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 The book that Mt. Sun wrote is the best book in the world. 4.你喜欢女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 The girl who you like is the girl who I like. 5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。 The man who was bit by my dog was bit by my dog today again. 6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗？ Do you know the reason for which he is going to marry you? Do you know the reason why he is going to marry you? 7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。 I hate the hotel where I lived. I hate the hotel in which I lived. I hate the hotel I lived in. 8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。 I will never forget the autumn when I studied and lived with you. I will never forget the autumn in which I studied and lived with you. 9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。 The girl whom he had loved for 20 years married someone yesterday. 10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。 She is the beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 11.有什么事我能帮你吗？ Is there anything that I can do for you? 12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。 The old lady who died yesterday left one million. 13.昨天那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。 The doctor told me yesterday that there is nothing that he could do for my father. 14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页.
定语从句翻译训练-答案
定语从句汉译英练习： 1、她就是那个努力学习数学的女孩。 She is the girl who studies math hard. 2、他就是我们刚才谈论的那个人。 He is the man whom/that we talked about just now. 3、这就是那个爸爸是警察的女孩。 This is the girl whose father is a policeman. 4、他们住在一座窗户朝南的房子里。 They live in a house whose windows face south. 5、我仍然记得我第一次来到这座城市的那一天 I still remember the day when we first arrived in the city. 6、这就是我们以前住过的房子 This is the house in which/where we used to live. 7、他们来到一所农舍，农舍前面坐着一个小男孩 They arrived at a cottage, in front of which sat a little boy. 8、我花10元钱买的钢笔丢了 I lost the pen that cost me 10 yuan. 9、那个女人住在楼下，她是个音乐家 The woman lives downstairs, who is a musician. 10、他考试通过了，这使他父母很高兴 He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
11.、众所周知，中国将在2008年举办奥运会As we all know, china host the olympic games in 2008. china host the olympic games in 2008, which we all know. 12、我永远记得我参军的那一天 I will always remember the day when I joined the army. 13、我们班有50个学生，三分之二是女生 There are 50 students in our class, 2/3 of whom are girls. 14、我们期望的那一天将很快来到 The day (that/which we expect) will come soon. 15、他们正在谈论在公园里看到的人和物 They are talking about the people and things that they saw in the park. 16、这是30年代写的最著名的剧本之一 This is the one of the most famous scripts that was written in the 30s. 17.这正是我要为她买的礼物 This is the very present that I want to buy for her. 18、正在看电视的女孩是Kate. The girl who is watching TV is Kate. 19、她就是照顾这些孩子的护士. She is the nurse that took care of these children. 20、我遇见了告诉我这个消息的史密斯先生. I met Mr. Smith, who told me the news. 21、你认识我们在学校里遇见的老师吗？考试及答案 Do you know the teacher whom we met in the school?