自考英语国家概况汇总版

,knkk Chapter1 LandandPeople

一、本章知识点

1.重点：①DifferentnamesforBritainanditsparts

2.难点、考点：①Britain’sofficialname②BritishCommonwealth

三、课本内容

（一）DifferentnamesforBritainanditsparts

Strictlyspeaking,theBritishIsles,GreatBritainandEnglandareallgeographi calnames.

.（seemapofUK）.

2.★,sopeoplejustsayBritain,.

（UK）capital:London

TheRepublicofIreland爱尔兰共和国hasbeenanindependentrepublicsince1949anditscapitalis Dublin.

:England,Scotland,,mostpopulousandrichest,sopeopletendtouse“Engla nd”and“English”whentheymean“Britain”and“British”.

大英帝国:onefourthoftheworld’speople and onefourthoftheworld’slandarea.

.★如果出简答,则只需要第一句话.

（二）Others

GeographicalFeatures

（）

TaiwanStrait：台湾海峡

2.“Chunnel”:channel+tunnel,openedtotrafficin1994.（）

Smog:smoke+fog Mortel:motor+hotel Kidult:kid+adult

:BenNevis,1,343minScotland.（）

Thelongestriver:theSevernRiver（338km）

Thesecondlargestandmostimportantriver:theThamesRiver（336km）（）%ofthepopulationisurbanandonly10%isrural.（）

盎格鲁撒克逊人,buttheScots,WelshandIrishare Celts凯尔特人.（）

四、总结①Britain’sofficialname②BritishCommonwealth Chapter2 TheOriginsofaNation（5000BC–AD1066）

一、本章知识点

1.重点：①ArrivalandsettlementoftheCelts

②BasisofmodernEnglishrace:theAnglo-Saxons

③TheVikingandDanishinvasions④KingAlfredandhiscontributions

⑤TheNormanConquestanditsconsequences

2.难点、考点：①theAnglo-Saxons:Heptarchy七王国;foundationoftheEnglishstate ②KingAlfred③NormanConquest

三、课本内容

（一）ArrivalandsettlementoftheCelts（）

,nowFrance,BelgiumandsouthernGermany

——盖尔人,about600BC;布列吞人,400BC,（Britain）;比利其人,150BC,（Belgium）. Gaelic：盖尔语

,theIrishandtheWelsh,andtheirlanguagesarethebasisofbothWelshandGae lic.

:Druidism:The Celts’.

（55BC–AD410）:（Londinium）.

（二）BasisofmodernEnglishrace:theAnglo-Saxons（）

,threeTeutonictribes:Jutes朱特人（fromsouthernDenmark）,Saxons,and Angles （bothfrom northernGermany）;AnglesweretogivetheirnametotheEnglishpeopl e.

2.★Heptarchy七王国——sevenprincipalkingdomssetupbytheAnglo-Saxons:Kent,Essex,Sussex,Wessex,EastAnglia,Ma rciaandNorthumbria.（英国版的战国七雄）Monarchy：君主制TheAnglo-Saxontribes部落

wereconstantlyatwarwithoneanother,eachtryingtogettheupperhand,sothatth ekingdomswereoftenbrokenupandoftenpiecedtogetheragain.

,Egbert伯特becameanoverlordofalltheEnglish.

日耳曼人的religion:Tiu—war,Woden—heaven,Thor—Storms,Freya—Peace 奥古斯丁——thefirstArchbishopofCanterbury.坎特伯雷大教主

6.★Anglo-SaxonslaidthefoundationsoftheEnglishstate:dividethecountryinto sh ires（郡）,latercounties;thenarrow-strip,three-fieldfarmingsystem（三田轮作）;manorial 庄园system;Witan（议会）（councilormeetingofthewisemen,贤人会

议）,thebasisofthePrivyCouncil枢密院whichstillexiststoday.

（三）TheVikingandDanishinvasions（）

,NorwegianVikingsandDanesfromDenmark挪威海盗和丹麦人

“Danelaw”（丹麦法区）,thenorthandeastofEngland.

,theDanishLeader,.

（四）KingAlfredandhiscontributions

（871-899）（抗击北欧海盗入侵的国家英雄）

2.★hiscontributions:“thefatheroftheBritishnavy”;reorganizedthe fyrd

英国民兵

（theSaxonarmy）;translatedintoEngli shBede’s EcclesiasticalHistoryofth eEnglishPeople;establishedschoolsandformulatedalegalsystem.

3.“AlfredtheGreat”

（五）TheNormanConquestanditsconsequences（）

,knownas“theConfessor”,wasfarmoreNormanthanSaxon心向着诺曼第人(法国),

而不是撒克逊人(英国).

:theKingofNorway,theDukeofNormandy,TostigandHarold （twobrothersofEdward’sQueen）;4人对英国有继承权,挪威国王,诺曼底公爵和爱德华国王王后的两个兄弟

因为Harold的死亡,英国被诺曼人打败

.

:thebest-knowneventinEnglishhistory;thefeudalsystemwascompletelyes tablished.法国诺曼第人征服后,威廉成为英国国王,成为英语历史最着明的事件,并且完本建立了封建制度.

四、总结:历史上定居和入侵英国的不同民族：Celts,（Romans）Anglo-Saxons,Viking/Dales,andNormans

Chapter3theshapingofthenation1066-1381

本章知识点

1重点:1England’sfeudalismundertheruleofWilliamtheConqueror;2Contentsandt hesignificanceoftheGreatCharter;3OriginsoftheEnglishParliament;4TheHun dredYears’Warwith Franceanditsconsequences;5ConsequencesoftheBlackDeat h;

2难点\考点:Englishfeudalism:Domesdaybook<土地清帐册>;GreatCharter;EnglishParliament;

3课本内容

i.England’sfeudalismundertheruleofWilliamtheConqueror

,,男爵

largeestatesinEnglandinreturnforapromiseofmilitaryserviceandaproportio noftheland’sproduce.

Thebaronsparceledout分配landtothelessernobles,knightsandfreemen,,unfreepeasantswhowerelittlebe tterthanslaves.

★Classstructure等级结构:theking;barons-tenants-in-chief;lessernobles,knights,andfreemen;vil lains\serfs

(补充:baron’soathofalle giance誓词fortheking:“wewhoareasgoodasyousweartoyou,whoarenobetterthanwe,toacce ptyouasourkingandsovereignlordprovidedyouobserveallourstatutesandlaws; ifnot,no.”国王与贵族在封建法规所规定的权力和义务范围内平起平坐.)

2.ReplacetheWitanwiththeGrandCouncil(大会议)

WilliamreplacedtheWitan,thecounciloftheAnglo-SaxonKings,withtheGra ndCouncilofhisnewtenants-in-chief,onwhichtheywererequiredtoservewhensu mmoned.

3.★DomesdayBook:recordoflands,tenants,andtheirpossessions,.(末日审判书)

Inordertohaveareliablerecordofallhislands,histenantsandtheirpossessi onsandtodiscoverhowmuchtheycouldbecalledupontopaybywayoftaxes,Williams enthisclerkstocompileapropertyrecordknownasDomesdayBookbecauseitseemed totheEnglishnotunliketheBookofDoomtobeusedbythegreatestfeudallordofall onJudgmentDay.

注:,.

4.HenryⅡ,founderofthePlantagenetdynas ty(金雀花王朝),ruledfor35years.

Henry,founderoftheAngevinDynasty,usuallyknownasthePlantagenetdynasty,b ecamekingandwentontorulefor35years.

InHenryⅡ’sreignacommonlaw,whichover-rodelocallawandprivatelaw,wasgra duallyestablishedinplaceofthecustomsofthemanorwhichhadpreviouslyvariedn otonlyfromshiretoshirebutevenfromonecommunitytoanother. Thecommonlawistheunwrittenlawcommontothewholepeopleasdistinctfromlawgo verningonlysectionsofit,andis“case-made”,.,basedonprecedentjudgments, andderivedfromacknowledgedcustom.

InHenry’sda ythejurysystem-whoseoriginscanbetracedtoprimitivetrialsinw hichwitnesseswerecalledforwardtosweartotheinnocenceoftheaccused-wasatla streplacingoldEnglishordealsbyfireandwaterandoldNormantrialsbybattle. ii.contentsandthesignificanceoftheGreatcharter

1.Crusades(十字军东征).TheresultwasconfrontationbetweenkingJohnandhisbaronsin1215.

2.MagnaCarta,1215

Thebarons’charter,orMagnaCartaasitcametobeknown,waspresentedbyadeleg ationoftheirclasstothekingandhisadvisersinthesummerof1215ataconferencea tRunnymede,anislandintheThamesfourmilesdownstreamfromWindsor.

3.contents-63clauses:NotaxshouldbemadewithouttheapprovaloftheGrandCo uncil;nofreemanshouldbearrested,imprisoned,ordeprivedofhispropertyexcep

tbythelawoftheland;theChurchshouldpossessallitsrights,togetherwithfreed omofelections;Londonandothertownsshouldretaintheirancientrightsandprivi leges,andthereshouldbethesameweightsandmeasuresthroughoutthecountry.

AlthoughMagnaCartahaslongbeenpopularlyregardedasthefoundationofEnglis hliberties,itwasastatementofthefeudalandlegalrelationshipbetweentheCrow nandthebarons,aguaranteeofthefreedomoftheChurchandalimitationofthepower softheking.

4.significance:regardedasthefoundationofEnglishliberties;thespirit-t helimitationofthepowersoftheking

iii.originsoftheEnglishParliament

1.,underSimondeMontfort,rebelled.

KingjohndefiedMagnaCarta.

Thebarons,underSimondeMontfort,HenryIII’sbrother-in-law,rebelled.

2.provisionsofOxford----GrandCouncilof24members,halftobenominatedbyt hebaronsthemselves;apermanentbodyofadvisors,withoutwhoseauthoritytheki ngcouldnotact.

Acivilwarbrokeoutbetweent heking’ssupporters,mostlyforeignmercenaries, andthebaronialarmyledbySimondeMontfort.

1264thekingwasdefeatedbyDeMontfortandtakenprisoner.

3.★theearliestParliament----in1265,2knightsfromeachcounty,2burgesses( citizens)fromeachtown. TheGreatCouncildevelopedlaterintothelordsandtheCommonsknownasparliamen t.

3..

,nottomakedecisions.

4.underEdwardI,;PrinceofWales,atitleheldbytheheirtothethrone underEdwardI,HenryIII’sson,Waleswasconquered(1277-1284),atitleheldbyt heheirtothethroneeversince.

iv.thehundredyears’warwithFranceand itsconsequences

1.theintermittentwar,1337-1453;thenameisgiventotheintermittentwarbet weenFranceandEnglandthatlastedform1337to1453.

2.thecauses:partlyterritorialandpartlyeconomic

3.(1327-1377)claimedtheFrenchCrownbyrightofhismotherIsabella,圣女贞德)

Afterhisdeathin1422,theFrench,encouragedbyJoanofArc,theirnationalheroi ne,drovetheEnglishoutofFrance.

4.By1453,onlyCalais

By1453CalaiswastheonlypartofFrancethatwasstillinthehandsoftheEnglish.

5.ablessingforbothcountries:goodforthedevelopmentofseparateEnglishan dFrenchnationalidentity. TheexpulsionoftheEnglishfromFranceisregardedasablessingforbothcountrie s;hadtheyremained,thesuperiorsizeandwealthofFrancewouldcertainlyhavehi nderedthedevelopmentofaseparateEnglishnationalidentity,whileFrenchnati onalidentitywashinderedsolongasaforeignpoweroccupiedsomuchFrenchterrit ory.

(淋巴腺鼠疫),anepidemicdiseasespreadbyratfleas. BlackDeathwasthemodernnamegiventothedeadlybubonicplague,,particularlyi n1347-1350.

,reducedEngland’spopulationfrom4millionto2millionbytheendof14th century .

:muchlandwasleftuntended,.

,muchlandwasleftuntendedandtherewasaterribleshortageoflabor. Itintervenedforthefirsttimetoestablishrulestokeepdownwages.

IV.总结:WilliamtheConquerorandfeudalism;thelimitationofthekings’power:Grea tCharterandParliament;theHundredYears’war;BlackDeath

Chapter4TransitiontotheModernAge(1455-1688)

I.本章知识点

1.重

点:thenatureandconsequencesofthewarsoftheroses;HenryVIIIandtheEnglishr eformation;ElizabethIandParliament;Elizabeth’sreligiousreformandherfo reignpolice;DistinctivefeaturesoftheEnglishrenaissance;TheCivilWarsand theirconsequences;ThecommonwealthunderOliverCromwell;Therestorationand theGloriousRevolution;

2.难点\考点:theEnglishreformation;ElizabethI;Englishrenaissance;Therestoration; TheGloriousrevolution;

III.课本内容

一thenatureandconsequencesofthewarsoftheroses

:arevivalofbaronialactivity;thewarsoftheroseswasfoughtbetweentowbranch esofthePlantagenetfamily,theHouseofLancaster(symbolizedbytheredrose)an dtheHouseofYork(thewhiterose)between1455and1485. ThistimetheinstabilitywascausedbythetwobranchesofthePlantagenetfamily, theHouseofLancasterandtheHouseofYorkbetween1455and1485.

2.thenamewascoinedby19th centurynovelistSirWalterScott. Thenamewarsoftheroseswas,infact,coinedbythegreat19th centurynovelistsirW alterScott,butithasbecometheacceptedwayofreferringtothesebattlesbetwee nthegreathouseofLancaster,symbolizedbytheredrose,andthatofYork,symboli zedbythewhite.

3.theinterestsofthemajorityofthecommonpeoplewerenotdeeplyengaged.

4.,afterhisvictory,marriedElizabethofYork,thusunitingthehousesofLanc asterandYorkandputtingthecountryundertheruleoftheTudors.

OnAugust22,1485atBosworthFieldinLeicestershirethelastbattleofthewarsof theroseswasfoughtbetweenRichardIIIandanotherclaimanttothethrone,HenryT udor,part-welshgrandsonofOwenTudoranddescendantofJohnofGaunt,DukeofLan caster.

Soonafterhisvictory,HenryTudormarriedElizabethofYork,thusunitingthehou sesofLancasterandYorkandputtingthecountryundertheruleoftheTudors.

5.Consequences:feudalismreceiveditsdeathblow;thenobilitywasmuchweake nedanddiscredited;theking’spowernowbecamesupreme. Althoughthewarsoftheroseswerewagedintermittentlyforthirtyyears,二

HenryVIIIandtheEnglishreformation

,divorced2andexecuted2

HenryVIII,sonofHenryVII,三ElizabethIandParliament

;remainedsingle.

Elizabeth’sreignwasatimeofconfidentEnglishnationalismandofgreatachiev ementsinliteratureandotherarts,inexplorationandinbattle. Generallyspeaking,.

3.avoidedtroublingparliamenttoooftenforpoundsbymakingstricteconomies atcourt.(在皇宫中厉行节约)

besides,Elizabethavoidedtroublingparliamenttoooftenforpoundsbymakingst ricteconomiesatcourt.

4.butoftenturbulent.(动荡不安)

,hermarriage,herforeignpolicy,thesuccessiontothethrone,andherfinance.四Elizabeth’s religiousreformandherforeignpolicy

:broke Mary’s tieswithRome andrestoredherfather’sindependentchurchofEng land,keepingtocatholicdoctrinesandpracticesbuttobefreeofthePapalcontro l;“outwardconformitytothee stablishedreligion,butopinionshouldbeleftfr ee”.Herrdligioussettlementwasunacceptabletoboththeextreme Protestantsk nownaspuritansandtoardentCatholics.

,andpreventedEnglandfromgettinginvolvedinEuropeanconflict.

Fornearly30yearsElizabethsuccessfullyplayedoffagainsteachotherthetwogr eatcatholicpowers,FranceandSpain,andpreventedEnglandfromgettinginvolve

dinandmajorEuropeanconflict.

3.thedestructionofSpanishArmanda,in1588showedEngland’ssuperiorityas anavalpower,andenabledEnglandtobecomeagreattradingandcolonizingcountry .

五distinctivefeaturesoftheEnglishrenaissance

;thetransitionalperiodbetweenthemiddleagesandmoderntimes,1350-1650;its awthechallengeofthesupremacyoftheromancatholicchurchbythereformation,t heriseofHumanism,thegrowthoflargenation-states,thefar-rangingvoyagesof exploration,andanewemphasisontheimportanceoftheindividual.

,beginningwiththeaccessionofthehouseofTudorin1485.

InEngland,therenaissancewasusuallythoughtofasbeginningwiththeaccession ofthehouseofTudortothethronein1485.

3.5characteristics:EnglishculturewasrevitalizedmainlybycontemporaryE uropeans;insularcountry;nativeliterature(14th centurypoetChaucer);Englis hrenaissanceliteratureisprimarilyartistic;coincidedwiththereformation.

4.theEnglishrenaissancewaslargelyliterary–Elizabethandrama

5.WilliamShakespeare莎士比亚isthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguage.

注:(GunpowderPlotof1605—GuyFawkesDay;

1620,PilgrimFathers,Mayflower,NewPlymouthinAmerica

CharlesI,“theDivineRightofKings”(君权神授)

Puritanism清教;simpledress,highmoralstandardsandveryegalitarian平等attitude.

1628,petitionofRight(<民权请愿书>),the2nd MagnaCarta.

六thecivilwarsandtheirconsequences

(1642-1646):CharlesgainedthesupportofthenorthandwestofthecountryandWal es,andtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge;,whiletheparliamentaryarmywa smadeupofyeomanfarmers,middle-classtownspeople,’smenwerecal ledCavalie rs(骑士派),andthesupportersofparliamentwerecalledRoundheads(圆颅派)becauseoftheirshorthaircuts.

,“Ironsides“cavalry(铁骑军),newModelArmy.

PrinceRupert,theking’syoungnephew,losttoOliverCromwell’s“ironsides ”cavalryregimentatMarstonMoor. OliverCromwellbecamelieutenantgeneralofthenewmodelarmy.

3.secondcivilwar,1648

Charleswastriedbyahighcourtofjustice,foundguiltyofhavingleviedwaragain sthiskingdomandtheparliament,condemnedtodeath,andexecutedonascaffoldou tsidethewindowsoftheBanquetingHouseatWhitehallonJanuary30,1649.

4.Charleswasexecuted(beheaded)onascaffoldoutsidetheWhitehall(白厅,昔日皇宫)onJan30,1649.

5.alsocalledthepuritanrevolution theEnglishcivilwarisalsocalledthepuritanrevolution,becausetheking’sopp onentsweremainlypuritan,andhissupporterschieflyEpiscopalianandcatholic.

6.asaconflictbetweentheparliamentandtheking,butalsoasaconflictbetwee ntheeconomicinterestsoftheurbanmiddleclassesandthetraditionaleconomici nterestsofthecrown.

7.itnotonlyoverthrewfeudalsysteminEngland,butalsoshookthefoundationo fthefeudalruleinEurope.

8.asthebeginningofmodernworldhistory.

七thecommonwealthunderOliverCromwell

(残余国会),OliverCromwellandtherump–membersofthelongparliamentwhohadvotedfor Charles’sexecutiondeclaredEnglandacommonwealth.

;suppressionofthelevelers(平均派)

OneofCromwell’sfirstactswastocrushwithout mercyarebellioninIreland,.

.

HebecameLordprotectorofthecommonwealthofEngland.

4.directmilitaryrule–tyrant;toughcontrolofthenation’smorals

八therestorationandtheGloriousrevolution

:theparliamentaskedthelateking’ssontoreturnfromhislongexileinFranceas kingCharlesII(1660-1685).

:severelawsagainstthepuritans,nowknownasnonconformists.(不信奉英国国教者)

:thetestact1673<资格审查法>excludedallCatholicsfrompublicofficeofanykind;thedisablingact<无资格法>forbadeanyCatholicstositineitherhouseofparliament.

’sProgress;johnMilton-paradiselost

:theEnglishpoliticiansrejectedJamesII,acatholic,andappealedtoaprotesta ntking,WilliamofOrange,James’sDutchnephewandthehusbandofMary,James’,

withnobloodshed.

,acompromise:excludinganyromancatholicfromthesuccession;confirmedthepr incipleofparliamentarysupremacy;guaranteefreespeechwithinbothhouses.

,underqueenAnne,theactofUnion(<联合法>)unitedEnglandandScotland;thenameofgreatBritaincameintobeing. Chapter5theriseandfalloftheBritishEmpire(1688-1990)

本章前言

1重点:WhigsandTories;agriculturalchangesinthe18th century;theEnglishindustr ialrevolutionanditsimpactonthedevelopmentofBritain;thechartistmovement anditsconsequences;thebuildingoftheBritishempire;Britainandthefirstwor ldwar;Britainandthesecondworldwar;PostwarBritain;Thatcherism

2.难点\考点:1)WhigsandTories2)theenclosureact3)industrialrevolution4)chartistmo vement5)colonialexpansion6)effectofthetwowarsonBritain7)Thatcherism

课本内容

一WhigsandTories

,opposedabsolutemonarchyandsupportedtherighttoreligiousfreedomfornonco nformists;earlofShaftsbury-firstleader;carefortheinterestsofmerchantsa ndbankers;later,withdissidentTories,becametheliberalparty.

–Irishwordmeaningthugs,supportedhereditarymonarchy,reluctanttoremovek ings;traditionalistswhowanttopreservethepowersofthemonarchyandthechurc

hofEngland;theToriesweretheforerunnersoftheconservativeparty,whichstil lbearsthenicknametoday.

:therewasanotherbrandofopinion,,Utilitarianism功利主义—thegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.

,自由主义aradicalideaoffreetrade;becausetheybelievedthattheimportandexportdutie sinterferedwiththenaturalflowoftrade.

二Agriculturalchangesinthelate18th century

圈地法>):duringthelate18th andearly19th centuriestheopenfieldsystemendedwhenth eenclosureactsenabledwealthierlandownerstoseizeanylandtowhichtenantsco uldprovenolegaltitleandtodivideintoenclosedfields.

(轮播耕作)

,and newagriculturalmachinery:suchastheseeddrillinventedbyJethroTull.“farmerGeorge.”

:farmsbecamebiggerandbiggerunitsasthegreatboughtupthesmall;morevegetab les,moremilkandmoredairyproducewereconsumed,anddietbecamemorevaried;

:adisasterforthetenants,enclosureleadingto massimmigration,;anew classho stility wasintroducedintoruralrelationships.

三theindustrialrevolution(1780~1830) TheEnglishindustrialrevolutionanditsimpactonthedevelopmentofBritain

–referstot hemechanizationofindustryandtheconsequentchangesinsocialand economicorganizationinBritaininthelate18th andearly19th centuries.

:thelimitedmonarchywhichresultedfromthegloriousrevolutionof1688ensured thatthepowerfuleconomicinterestsinthecommunitycouldexerttheirinfluence overgovernmentpolicy;probablylaissezfaireandprotestantworkethichelped. ,especiallycottonandsilkandinothertradeslikehardware,飞梭)speededduphandweaving,’s spinningjenny.(詹尼纺纱机) EdmundCartwright’s powerloom(动力织机)

1.steamengine:thefirststeamenginewasdevisedby ThomasNewcomer;theScott ishinventorJamesWatt modifiedandimprovedthedesignofsteamengine.

2.themostimportantelementinspeedingindustrialization:breakthroughbyA brahamDarby,smeltingironwithcoke. Perhapsthemostimportantelementinspeedingindustrializationwasthebreakth roughwhichcamewhenAbrahamDarbysucceededinsmeltingironwithcokeinsteadof charcoalin1709.

3.improvedtransportation(road,canalconstruction)ranparallelwithprodu ction.

4.the“workshopoftheworld”by1830

Asaresultoftheindustrialrevolution,Britainwasby1830the“workshopofthew orld”;noothercountrywasyetreadytocompetewithherinindustrialproduction .

5.theindustrialrevolutioncreatedtheindustrialworkingclass,theproleta riat,anditlaterledtotradeunionism.

6.“Luddites”-supposedlyledbyNedLudd,attemptedtodestroythehatedmach ines,butwereseverelypunishedbythegovernment.

英语国家概况的复习资料

英语国家概况考试题型如下： 1.选择题（30 X 1’） 2.填空题（20 X 1’） 3.简答（10 X 2’）--必须回答完整的句子 4.分析题（6 X 5’）-- 必须回答完整的句子 总分100 分 主要内容包括： 一．U.S. Geography 1.Full name of U.S.. 2.Number of States: 50 states. 3.After President Jefferson brought the Louisiana territory from France there was a desire for territorial expansion among many frontier men. 4.The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. The fourth largest countries. 5.Taxas is the largest mainland state of the U.S.. Alaska is the largest state of the U.S.. 6.Hawaii is in the Pacific Ocean. 7.America’s movies are mostly made in Hollywood near the city of Los Angeles in south California. 二．U.S. People 1.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Blacks (Afriican-Americans). 2.The “first Americans” were the Indians. 3.The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. 4.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today’s V erginia in the year of 1607. 5.The “Three Faiths” in the U.S. refer to: ?Protestan ?Catholic ?Jewish 6.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland, Italy and Poland. 7.American society is a stratified one in which power, wealth and pestige are unequally distributed among the population. 8.WASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant.

自考英语二历年试题真题及答案

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