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中考英语定语从句讲解

定语从句

请看下面的句子：

（一）概念:

定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

（二）定语从句的分类

Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。

e.g:This is the book that/which I want.

Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。从句一般用逗号同主句分开。

e.g:Mr. Green，who is watching TV，is my uncle.

（三）(限定性)定语从句的结构

Mary is a girl who has long hair.

先行词关系词定语从句

关系代词关系副词

which, who, whom,

whose, that where, when, why

（四）定语从句的实质：二句合一

（合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）

Mary is a girl.

合并为一个句子

She has long hair.

思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）----替（用关系词代替舍去部分）Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.

请把下列句子二句合一

1. I saw the man. He closed the door

2.The girl is happy. She won the race

3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen

（五）定语从句关系词的确定:

● a.先行词的分类

● b.先行词在从句中充当的成分

1.先行词做主语人：who/that

物：which/that

2.先行词做宾语人：who/whom/that

物：which/that

3.先行词做定语人：whose

物：whose/of which 4.先行词做状语：w h e n,w h e r e,w h y

●who, whom, whose, that用法区别.

●who /that作定语从句的主语或宾语.

The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做题思路：先分解——分析——再合并

●Whom /that作定语从句的宾语

The woman（whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.

分解The woman is a teacher.

注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.

●whose 作定语从句的定语.

I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.

分解I know the girl.

小结：

关系词判断步骤

●首先，要辨别出先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用who, that whom, whose。

如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that

巩固练习：用适当代关系词填空

1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.

2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her.

3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.

（六）只能用that,不能用which的情况：

(1)先行词为all, everything，anything，nothing, something, nothing ,few, little, much, the one 等不定代词时；

(2)先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of 等修饰时：

(3)先行词为数词或被序数词（含last)修饰时。

（4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。

(5)在以who, which开头的句子中为了避免重复。

口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错

先行词前有修饰，千万不能用which.

请在以下例句中体会以上规则：

1. Here is something that I will tell you.

2.We haven’t got much that we can offer you.

3. Is it the one that you want ?

4.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard.

5. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see.

6.Which is the bike that you lost?

7.Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?

（七）只能使用w h i c h的情况

●1.关系代词前有介词时；

●2.先行词本身是t h a t时；

●3.非限定定语从句

●口诀:要有w h i c h别着急，

●介词提前逗隔离。

●e.g:1.T h i s i s t h e c l a s s r o o m i n w h i c h w e s t u d i e d f o r t w o y e a r.

●2.S h e h a s t w o d o l l s，w h i c h a r e f r o m h e r p a r e n t s

单项选择：

● 1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.

● A. that B. who C. whom D. this

● 2. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.

● A. that B. whose C. which D. as

● 3. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

● A. the one B. which C. who D. whom

●※4.Is this factory a lot of students visited ?

A. the one

B. which

C. who

D. who

● 5. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.

● A. which B. that C. / D. it

● 6. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.

● A. which B. in which C. that D. all

●※7. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.

● A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who

●注意：

●①当关系词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的形式应与先行词的人称和数保持一

致。

②若句中无先行词，先补出先行词再判断用法。（4,7题）

完成下列句子：

1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.

who saved the boy’ s life

This is the doctor

2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.

who is running

The man is my uncle.

3.我看见一位钱包丢失了的妇女。

I saw a woman

whose bag was stolen /whose bag was lost.

4. 住在隔壁的那个小伙的是教师.

The young man is a teacher.

who lives next door

注意：定语从句的时态不受主句影响。

【定语从句中考真题演练】

1、There are lots of things ______ I need to prepare before the trip. (河北省卷)

A. who

B. that

C. whom

D. whose

2、Jim dislikes people _______talk much but never do anything. （吉林省通化市）

A.whom

B.when

C.whose

D.who

3、—I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday. （江苏省南京市）

--Oh,how nice!Do you know when he_______?

A.left

B.was leaving

C.has left

D.had left

4、We are trying to help those children ____lost their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province. (浙江省衢州市)

A. which

B. when

C. who

D. whose

5、Do you know the girl _______is singing in the classroom? (湖南长沙)

A.who

B.which

C.when

6、—The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu. （江苏省扬州市）

--Yes.They are helping the people ______are suffering from the earthquake.

A.which

B.what

C./

D.who

7、Have you found the answer to the question ______I asked you this morning? （四川省成都市）

A.when

B.what

C.that

8、Friends are those____ make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. （河南省）

A which

B what

C whom

D who

9、I began to work in Shanghai in the year _____ HongKong was returned to China. （湖北省十堰市）

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when

10、This is the school _______ I studied three years ago. （山东省菏泽市）

A. where

B. when

C. that

D. which

11、—What do you usually do in your leisure time? （黑龙江省哈尔滨市）

—I enjoy reading in the library ____________ I lose myself in a world of good books.

A. which

B. that

C. where

12、—The village _________I visited last year has changed a lot. （福建省福州市）

--Really?I hope to go there on day.

A.that

B.who

C.when

13、This is my beautiful school _______ is near the famous library. （广西省桂林市）

A. where

B. which

C. who

D. when

14、The old woman ______ is wearing a pair of glasses ______ Mrs. Black. （黑龙江省鸡西市）

A. which, are

B. who, are

C. who, is

15、Do you like music _______ makes you relaxed? （广西省定西市）

A. it

B. what

C. who

D. that

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初中英语定语从句专项练习题(含答案详解)

定语从句专项练习 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues. A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that 2. This is the case ________ he’s had all h is money stolen. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how 4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ . A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him to C. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him 5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? —Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided. A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose 6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget. A. when B. that C. what D. which 7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely. A. when B. where C. which D. whose 8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied. A. which B. where C. when D. what 9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. when 10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in Chin a’s vast countryside. A. as B. when C. until D. before 11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life. A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that 13. The bread my wife makes is much better than ________ you can buy at a store. A. that which B. one that C. that of which D. this of which 14. There is no such place ________ you dream of in all this world. A. that B. what C. which D. as 15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. A. all whose homes B. all of whose homes C. all their homes D. all of their homes 16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, ________ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A. who B. when C. on which D. which 17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year? A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where 18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________ they swam in it.

初中英语定语从句讲解及练习

初中英语定语从句讲解及练习一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等; 关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用:1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.

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（英语）中考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案) 一、定语从句 1．“Underground” is the only word in the English language _____ begins and ends with the letters “und”. A．what B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析：句意：在英语中“underground”是唯一一个开头和结尾都用字母组合“und”的单词。此处先行词word有不定代词the only来修饰，故用关系代词that来引导。故选B。 2．The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other. A．who B．that C．what D．They 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句中先行词为small houses，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that。句意：老镇有狭窄的街道，小房子建得彼此相靠近。考点：考查定语从句的用法 3．-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report? -Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A．who B．what C．whom D．which 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】句意：——你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息？——还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物，在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词which 或that引导定语从句，所以选D。 4．Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine. A．who B．what C．that D．whom 【答案】C 【解析】

中考英语定语从句讲解

定语从句请看下面的句子：（一）概念: 定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。（二）定语从句的分类 Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。 e.g:This is the book that/which I want. Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。从句一般用逗号同主句分开。 e.g:Mr. Green，who is watching TV，is my uncle. （三）(限定性)定语从句的结构 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when, why （四）定语从句的实质：二句合一（合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地） Mary is a girl. 合并为一个句子 She has long hair. 思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）----替（用关系词代替舍去部分）Mary is a girl who/that has long hair. 请把下列句子二句合一 1. I saw the man. He closed the door 2.The girl is happy. She won the race 3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen

初中英语定语从句讲解.练习与答案

定语从句定语从句（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注：that 用法 (1)不用that的情况 (a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介词后不能用；在" such (the same) ... as ..." 句型中,关系代词要用as, 而不用which. We need such materials as (not which) can bear high temperature We depend on the land from which we get our food.

初三英语定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句的用法和精练一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。定语从句在句子中的功能类似于一个形容词用于修饰名词或代词，由于它是以句子为单位的超大号形容词（较长），所以一般放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面，而被修饰的名词或代词放在定语从句前，叫做先行词。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括：that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,在从句中做主、宾、表、定语等成分。常见的关系副词包括：where, when, why等。在从句中做时间、地点、原因等状语。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。四、关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:

中考英语定语从句专项练习题及答案

. ;.. 定语从句练习（）1. They are talking about things and persons ___ they knew when they were young. A. that B. which C. who D. whom （）2. This is the man ___ last night. A. whom I saw him B. whom I saw C. which I saw D. who I saw him （）3. The seventeenth century was one ___ many advances were made in science. A. that B. which C. where D. when （）4. We travelled together as far as Chicago, ___ we parted. A. when B. which C. why D. where （）5. The reason ___ I’ｍwriting is to tell you about a party on Saturday. A. because B. why C. for D. as （）6. Author Edith Wharton thoroughly understood the society ___. A. she had grown up in it B. which had she grown up in C. she had grown up D. in which she had grown up （）7. This is one of the best books ___. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written （）8. The first time ___ I saw Premier Zhou was in 1958. A. when B. where C. which D. that （）9. Which of the two cows ___ you keep produces more milk? A. that B. which C. whom D. what （）10. He met my brother, from ___ he got the news of my marriage. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose （）11. Would you please put the book ___ it belongs? A. to whom B. to which C. into which D. where （）12. Do you remember the name of the company ___? A. where she works at B. in which she works C. for which she works in D. in where she works （）13. This is the most difficult book ___. A. what I have read it B. which I have read it C. I have read D. I have read it （）14. The last place ___ was the Science Museum. A. we visited B. where we visited C. which we visited D. we went （）15. All ___ you have to do is to press the button. A. what B. which C. for that D. that （）16. Her opinion is the same ___ her mother’ｓ . A. that B. as C. than D. like （）17. Peter lives in the room ___ window opens to the south. A. whose B. that C. which D. / （）18. Did she tell you anything ___ had happened to her?

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