全国通用版2019版高考英语大一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions讲义新人教版选修8

Unit 3

Inventors and inventions

Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(教材P20)

这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈东西，既可以把蛇抓到又不会伤害到

它们。

(1)????? distinguish...from... 使……有别于……distinguish between...and 区分/辨别……和……distinguish oneself (in/by/as ) (在……方面/ 以……/作为……)表现突出；使自己名扬

(2)?????

distinguished adj .卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for ＝be famous/(well )known for

因……而出名

(3)distinguishable adj .易分辨的；能区分的 ①Reading good books enriches our mind and teaches us to distinguish between right and wrong.

阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。

②Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it's important to distinguish television's influences on children from those of the family.

著名心理学家丹尼尔·安德森认为区分电视和家庭对儿童的影响是很重要的。

③Distinguished (distinguish) for its magnificent church towers, the city is an attraction to visitors from all over the world.

以其宏伟的教堂建筑而闻名遐迩，这座城市吸引了来自世界各地的游客。

2convenient adj .便利的；方便的；就近的 They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.(教材P 20) 他们突然就消失在附近的墙洞里了。

(1)????? It is convenient (for sb ) to do sth (某人)方便做某事be convenient to/for ……很便利；离……很近

(2)????? convenience n .方便，便利；适宜；省事at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候for convenience 为方便起见for the convenience of sb 为了某人的方便

(3)conveniently adv .便利地；方便地 ①The Internet makes it convenient for us to get in touch with each other. 互联网使得我们相互联系便利了。

②I'll call in two weeks to arrange a meeting at your convenience (convenient)． 我会在两周后再打电话，把会议安排在您方便的时候。

【巧学活用】 ——高考小作文

③如果您方便的话，让我们8：30在学校门口碰头。 If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_let's_meet_at_8：30_outside_the_school_gate.

【提示】convenient 作表语时，不用人作主语，而要用物或形式主语it ，其后常接介词for 或to 或动词不定式，但后跟不定式时，只能用介词for 。

3bear vt .(bore ；borne/born)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育 I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.(教材P 24) 我忍受不了烤肉架上烤焦的香肠的气味。

(1)????? can't bear doing/to do sth 不能忍受做某事can't bear sb/one's doing/to do sth 不能忍受某人做某事

(2)?

???? bear a heavy burden 肩负重担bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备 (3)????? bear/keep sth in mind 记住某事bear/keep in mind that...记住……

①Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn't bear to_part/parting (part) with his dog.

肖是一个喜爱动物的人，他说他舍不得与自己的爱犬分离。

②The woman star couldn't bear the media to_expose/exposing (expose) her private life to the public.

这位女明星无法忍受媒体将她的私生活公诸于众。

③The idea for the TV show was_born (bear) in his hospital room.

这个电视节目的想法诞生于他的病房。

④You must bear it in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.

你要记住你的父母希望你成为一名好医生。

【提示】 borne 和born 都是bear 的过去分词，表示“出生，出自”时用born ，并且仅用于被动式；表示“生育”时用borne 。

4associate vt .联想；联系

Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone...(教材P 26)

虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联系在一起……

(1)????? associate...with 把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到……

associate with sb 与某人交往/打交道

(2)?????

association n .联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in association with 与……合伙/合作

(3)????? associated adj .有关联的；相关的be associated with 和……有关

①You must bear it in mind that you should never associate with bad companions. 你必须要牢记千万别和坏人交往。

②We are working in association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless.

我们联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。

③Health is frequently thought to_be_associated (associate) with a balanced diet and regular exercise.

人们总是把健康的生活与均衡饮食和经常锻炼联系在一起。

1call up 给……打电话；使……回忆起 When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.(教材P 20)

我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。

(1)call ????? at 拜访(某个地点)in 邀请；顺便访问；叫……来帮忙off 取消；停止on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召for 需求，需要；去接(某人)out 大声喊叫；召集

与打电话有关的短语：

(2)????? ring/call back 回复电话ring off 挂断电话ring up ＝call up 给……打电话

give sb a ring/call 给某人打电话

sb be wanted on the phone 有某人的电话answer the phone 接电话hang/hold on 不挂断电话

①The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood. 这幸福的笑声唤起了他对童年的回忆。 ②I tried to call you up last night, but no one answered the phone. 我昨晚曾打电话给你，但没人接。

③The game was called off because of the bad weather.

比赛因天气恶劣被取消。

④The Ministry of Education calls on/upon students to exercise for an hour every day.

教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼一个小时。

2set about 开始；着手做(about 是介词，其后常接名词或动名词) I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.(教材P 20)

我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。

set out (to do sth)开始(做某事)；动身；启程

set off 表示“启程；开始”，多指开始踏上征程，常常和on, for 等搭配；还可以表示“使爆发；引发”。

①Paul set about working/set out to work the moment he got home.

保罗一到家就开始工作。

②She is goi ng to set out/off for France at five o'clock in the morning. 她准备早上五点钟出发去法国。

③The enemy's tank truck caught fire and set off a chain of explosions. 敌人的油罐车着火，引起了一连串的爆炸。

3get through 接通(电话)；(设法)做完；通过；(使)熬过；用完；耗尽 I can't get through.(教材P 26)

我打不通电话。

【一词多义】写出下列句中get through 的含义。

①It took us only a few minutes to get through the customs.通过

②I couldn't get through to her because her phone was busy all day. 打通电话 ③I managed to get through the project and the pain was worth it in the end. (设法)做完

④Eliza found writing he lped her get through the rough days. 熬过

⑤The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more. 用完

⑥Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off. 通过

(1)????? go through 检查；经历pass through 从……中穿过；经历look through 浏览；仔细查看break through 突破(障碍)

(2)????? get along with 进展；相处get down to 开始做；开始认真对待get in 收获get into 陷入；染上(习惯)

⑦It's time I got down to thinking (think) about that essay.

是时候我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。

“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise ＋陈述句”结构 Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.(教材P 25)

跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你脑中将会充满值得思考的事情。

【句式点拨】

本句为“祈使句＋and ＋陈述句”结构。

(1)祈使句＋and ＋陈述句＝If...，＋主句

(2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise ＋陈述句＝If...not...，＋主句

(3)名词词组＋and ＋陈述句

①Work hard, and you will pass the exam.

努力学习，你会通过考试的。

②Work hard, or/otherwise you will fail the exam.

努力学习，否则你考试会不及格的。

③One more hour, and we will_do (do) the job better.

再给一个小时，我们会把工作做得更好。

【提示】 以上结构后面的陈述句多用表示将来意义的时态结构。

Ⅰ.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)

1．David Harris is professor of law and a distinguished (distinguish) scholar at the University of Pittsburgh.

2．Bearing (bear) a heavy burden, the single mother has to work hard to bring up her children.

3．Mom drove cautiously (caution) through the snow and the children wondered what she was going to show them.

4．She argues that the sooner we set about collecting (collect) information, the more active we'll be.

5．I believe I'm competent in this job, and have wonderful performance beyond your expectation (expect).

6．The groups you associate with often determine the type of person you become —healthy or unhealthy.

7．The exhibition was organized by the school in association (associate) with local artists.

8．We sit for long hours in front of a computer, glued (glue) to our chairs or stuck to our phones.

9．I'd like to place things where it is convenient (convenience) to get them.

10．When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state.

Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)

1．It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man with from

the other animals.

2．The moment she came back from work, she set about out

to clean the kitchen

thoroughly.

3．Many people associate dark clouds to with

depression and gloom.

4．The girl's face called for up

the image of his dead wife in his mind.

5．You must bear it in mind ∧that

your parents urge that you shouldn't play with

fire.

6．The earthquake has destroyed most houses in the village. How are they going to get across through

the winter?

7．Alexander tried to get his work recognize recognized

in the medical circles.

8．We cannot hear a woman singing merry merrily

in the next room.

9．We were going to play football, but it was too so /hot that so

we decided to do

otherwise.

10．Seize the chance and or/otherwise

you will regret it.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

2019年高考英语知识点单元总复习教案.doc

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