英语词汇与语法专项练习及答案

1. _______, you would have seen your favorite movie star.

A. If you arrived earlier

B. If you had arrived earlier

C. Unless you arrived earlier

D. Unless you had arrived earlier

【翻译】如果你早点到的话,你就会看到你最喜爱的电影明星了。

【精析】 B 本句是 If 引导的条件状语从句表示对过去情况的假设。其形式为从句：if+主语+had+过去

分词+其他，主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词，根据题中主句的结构可知选 B 。

2. The driver’s carelessness _______the death of three passengers.

A. resulted from

B. resulted in

C. came across

D. came about

【翻译】司机的粗心驾驶致使三名乘客死亡。

［考点］词组辨析

【精析】 B result from: 因为，由于；result in:导致，致使；come across: （偶然）遇见，被理解；come about: 发生。根据句意选 B 。

3. In England,tea_______with milk and sugar.

A. is serving

B. is served

C. serves

D. served

【翻译】在英国，茶是要配着牛奶和糖一起上的。

【精析】 B serve sth.with sth. 意为“某物搭配某物一起提供”。本句中 tea（茶）是被提供的，因此用被动

语态。

4. Written in great haste,_______.

A. the secretary made a lot of mistakes in the report

B. there were a lot of mistakes in the report

C. we found a lot of mistakes in the report

D. the report was full of mistakes

【翻译】由于写得比较匆忙，所以整个报告错误百出。

［考点］独立主格结构

【精析】 D Written in great haste 在本句中作独立主格，其逻辑主语应与主句的主语保持一致。因为用

的是被动语态。Written，很明显其主语应该是report, 故主句主语也应该是 report, 用排除法可知答案为 D。

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5. It’s suggested that each one of us_______the training classes for English.

A. takes part in

B. take part in

C. took part in

D. would take part in

【翻译】我们每个人被建议参加英语培训班。

［考点］虚拟语气

【精析】 B 在 It’s suggested/advised/demanded...表建议、要求、命令等意义的词引导的主语从句中，谓语需用should+动词原形，should 可以省略，故选 B 。

6. The only thing _______interests me is the progress of my students.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. it

【翻译】我唯一感兴趣的事情是我的学生取得进步。

［考点］定语从句

【精析】 B 定语从句中的先行词有 only 、形容词最高级等词修饰时，引导词要用that, 故选B 。

7. People do not realize the importance of good health _______ they have lost it.

A. until

B. when

C. since

D. as

【翻译】直到失去了健康人们才能意识到它的重要性。

［考点］固定用法

【精析】 A not...until 意为“直到……才”，因为句中有not, 只能选 until 。

8. If there were no homework at weekends,students would have _______at home.

A. the happiest time

B. much happiest time

C. a more happier time

D. a much happier time

【翻译】如果周末没有了家庭作业，学生们在家就会过得更愉快了。

［考点］形容词比较级

【精析】 D have a happy time“玩得愉快”，其比较级形式应为“have a much happier time”。

9. The reason he won the election is _______he is honest and confident of himself.

A. why

B. what

C. that

D. which

【翻译】他在竞选中获胜的原因是他很诚实，并且自信。

［考点］名词性从句（表语从句）

【精析】 C 本句是that 引导的从句作表语，用来对先行词 the reason 作进一步的解释和说明。

10. Mr.and Mrs.Brown _______ a small restaurant in China Town in New York.

A. serve

B. start

C. open

D. run

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【翻译】布朗夫妇在纽约的唐人街经营着一家餐厅。

［考点］动词辨析

【精析】 D 表“经营餐馆、公司等”，动词要用run, 故选 D。

11. He cannot _______ a car, for he doesn’t earn that much money.

A. obtain

B. get

C. deserve

D. afford

【翻译】他买不起车，因为他没挣那么多钱。

［考点］动词辨析

【精析】 D obtain：获得；get：得到；deserve:值得，应得；afford：付得起，买得起。根据句意选 D。

12. It was in 1949_______the People ’s Republic of China was founded.

A. when

B. while

C. as

D. that

【翻译】中华人民共和国是在1949 年建立的。

［考点］强调句

【精析】 D 强调句的基本结构为 It is/was+ 被强调部分 that Clause 。故选 D。

13. Your hair needs _______, you’d better have it done tomorrow.

A. cut

B. to cut

C. cutting

D. being cut

【翻译】你的头发该剪了，你最好明天剪一下。

［考点］非谓语动词

【精析】 C need 做行为动词时，后跟 to do或doing 做宾语。本句中主语为 your hair ，故宾语应为 to be

cut 或cutting ，用排除法可知选C.cutting 在此是主动形式表被动含义。

14. By the end of next year, I _______enough money to buy a house.

A. will save

B. have saved

C. must save

D. will have saved

【翻译】到了明年年底，我将会攒足钱买房子了。

［考点］谓语动词的时态

【精析】 D 时间状语为 by the end of next year，故主句谓语动词应用将来完成时形式。所以选D。

15. Much _______our relief, he survived the severe earthquake.

A. to

B. in

C. for

D. with

【翻译】令我们感到很安慰的是，他幸免于那场剧烈的地震。

［考点］固定搭配

【精析】 A to one’s+surprise/astonishment/relief 等表情感状态的名词，意为“令某人惊奇的/ 沮丧的/安慰

的是……”。故选A。

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16. Hasn’t he arrived yet?H e is _______to be here at 8. Now it is 8:30.

A. regarded

B. supposed

C. considered

D. known

【翻译】他还没来吗？他应该8 点到的，现在都8 ∶30 了。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】 B be supposed to do sth. 意为“本应该做某事”，be regard as: 被认为是……; consider 意为“考虑，

细想”。故选D。

17. It was kind of you _______ us when we were in trouble.

A. to help

B. helping

C. who help

D. help

【翻译】我们有困难时你能帮我们，你真是太善良了。

［考点］名词性从句

【精析】 A it 在本句中做形式主语，真正的主语应该是后面的不定式 to help... ，故选 A。

18. The engineer soon_______ that something had gone wrong with the project.

A. remembered

B. realized

C. recognized

D. memorized

【翻译】那位工程师很快意识到那项工程出问题了。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】 B remember: 记起，记得；realize: 意识到；recognize:认出，识别；memorize:记忆。根据句意可

知选B 。

19. Mr. Smith is looking for an experienced secretary who is _______ of organizing a sales office.

A. able

B. capable

C. possible

D. responsible

【翻译】史密斯先生正在寻找一名经验丰富的，有能力掌管销售办公的秘书。

［考点］固定搭配

【精析】 B be capable of doing sth.为“胜任某事；有能力做某事”，be able to do sth. 能够做某事；be responsible for sth. 对……负责，故选B 。

20. Fifty dollars _______ a big sum of money for a ten year old boy.

A. are

B. is

C. to be

D. being

【翻译】对一个十岁男孩来说，50 美元是一笔不小的数目。

［考点］主谓一致

【精析】 B Fifty dollars 在本句中是一个整体，谓语应用单数。故选B 。

21. The new batteries( 电池)cause little environmental problems and _______little space.

A. use

B. hold

C. occupy

D. maintain

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【翻译】这种新电池不会引起环境问题，也不占多少空间。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】 C use: 使用；hold ：握住；occupy:占据（空间等）；maintain: 获得。根据句意应选 C 。

22. So badly _______in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment.

A. he was injured

B. he injured

C. was he injured

D. injured he

【翻译】他在事故中伤得如此严重，以致被送去了医院治疗。

［考点］倒装结构

【精析】 C so+adv. 做状语提至句首时，句子要用倒装结构，故排除 A 和B 。he 与injured 之间应是被

动关系，因此要将系动词was 提至主语he 前，故选 C 。

23. They were so angry that they went over to the restaurant manager to _______ the service they had received.

A. complain

B. complain about

C. argue

D. argue about

【翻译】他们如此生气以至于走到餐厅经理面前对他们受到的服务进行投诉。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】 B complain about sth. 抱怨/投诉某事；argue with sb.about sth. 与某人争吵某事，故选 B 。

24. To our surprise, the fashionable young lady we met in the hotel_______to be a thief.

A. turned up

B. turned over

C. turned down

D. turned out

【翻译】令我们感到吃惊的是，我们在宾馆里见到的那名时尚的年轻女士竟然是个小偷。

［考点］词组辨析

【精析】 D turn up: 出现；turn over 翻转；turn down：拒绝；turn out to be: 被证明是……。故选D。

25. The teacher had John _______at the door for an hour because he was late for class.

A. stand

B. to stand

C. stood

D. stands

【翻译】老师让约翰在门口罚站一个小时，因为他迟到了。

［考点］非谓语动词

【精析】 A have sb.do sth. 让某人做某事，类似于 have,make,let...这类感官动词后应接省略 to 的动词不定

式，故选A。

26. The price of apples _______ from ＄2 to ＄4 per kilo in supermarket.

A. differed

B. ranged

C. changed

D. altered

【翻译】超市里苹果的价格在每公斤2 美元到 4 美元之间。

［考点］固定用法

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【精析】 B range from...to...: 在……到……范围内，为固定用法。故选B 。

27. For two months, I have _______ every day sitting by his bedside.

A. taken

B. cost

C. spent

D. paid

【翻译】整整两个月了，我每天都坐在他的身边。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】 C take 和cost 做“花费”讲时，主语一般都为人；spend...doing sth.为固定用法，由 sitting 可知选C 。

28. The 29th Olympic Games, _______ in Beijing in 2008, was a great success.

A. held

B. which held

C. to be held

D. was held

【翻译】 2008 年在北京举办的第 29 届奥林匹克运动会是一个巨大的成功。

［考点］非限制性定语从句

【精析】 A _______in Beijing in 2008 用来修饰The 29th Olympic Games,做其后置定语，完整结构为which was held in Beijing...,which was在非限制性定语从句中可省略。故选A。

29. When it _______ to American history, he knows little about it.

A. talks

B. speaks

C. comes

D. tells

【翻译】当涉及美国历史时，他知之甚少。

［考点］固定用法

【精析】 C come to 与refer to 同义，意为“涉及，说到”，符合句意。

30. _______,schools in city provide better surroundings for students.

A. Generally speaking

B. Generally spoken

C. To speak generally

D. Speaking generally

【翻译】一般来说，城市的学校能为学生提供更好的环境。

［考点］插入语

【精析】 A Generally speaking 意为“一般来讲，大体地说”，常做插入语单独放在句首或句中。故选A

词汇与语法

Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智

grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)

大学英语词汇与语法练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题—答案及详解(最新整理)

练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题 Part I. Multiple Choice A. had taken, might still have been C. might have taken; had still been 句意：如果他听了医生的建议，他现在可能还活着。 解析：这是错综时间条件句，从句说的是过去听医生的建议，主句说的是现在的情况。因此从句中用过去完成时表示对过去事情的假设，主句中用“情态助动词might+动词原形”的形式表示对现在情况的假设。 A. were; would have let C. had been; had let 句意：如果你是健康的，昨天我就会让你去旅行了。 解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，健康状态及旅行说的都是昨天的事，因此从句中用过去完成时表示假设，主句中用would+have done的形式表示假设。 7. I lost your address, otherwise (or) I _________ you long before.

that that从句中用动词原 to the hospital as soon as possible. that从句中用 D. should know

解析：这是表达非现实的愿望。Wish后的that从句中，如果是针对现在的时间而言，那么动词用过去时表示非现实的愿望。 that从句中用动词原形表示主观 A. should not succeed B. would not succeed

Part II. Error Analysis 1. Your director would have been inclined to favor your request if you would have waited for another occasion when he was less busy with other more important matters. 修改：would have waited →had waited 句意：如果你能等到主管处理不太重要事情的、不太忙的其他时候，他是有可能愿意接受你的请求的。 解析：根据语境及句中时态判断，找主管提出请求这件事已经发生了，针对过去事情的假设，从句中应该使用过去完成时。 expects cast takes the time to

英语词汇学教程参考题答案(杨信彰)

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