2018高三英语(创新通用版)一轮复习(教师用书)第2部分专题3代词和介词Word版含答案

专题三 代词和介词

考点一 代词

一、人称代词

他会借咖啡来浇愁。 Thank you

for your letter. 谢谢你的来信。 I bought a present for him . 我给他买了件礼物。 二、物主代词 这是你的座位吗，先生？

The government has changed its policy. 政府已经改变了政策。

This is not my dictionary.Mine is lent to Lucy.

这不是我的字典，我的借给露西了。 This camera is mine and that is yours . 这部照相机是我的，那部是你的。

Every person showed his ticket ，and I showed mine too. 每个人都出示了票，我也出示了我的。 三、反身代词

反身代词⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧作宾语⎩⎨⎧动宾：Tom taught himself Chinese.

汤姆自学了汉语。

介宾：You can't leave the baby by himself . 你不能把孩子独自留在那里。

作表语：She is not quite herself today.

她今天不在状态。

作同位语：I myself can repair the bike. 我自己能修那辆自行车。

四、不定代词

1．both ，all ，either ，any ，

neither ，none 的区别

in industrialized countries.

在工业化国家，现在男性和女性都会活得更长。

2．one ，another ，the other ，some ，others ，the others 的区别

①I have two books ；one is English ，and

⎩

⎪⎨

⎪⎧the other one is French. 我有两本书；一本是英语书，一本是法语书。

②There are many books on the table ：some are English ；the others are French. 桌子上有很多书：一些是英语书，剩下的是法语书。 3．none ，nobody/no one ，nothing 的区别

—None .

——你有多少钱？ ——一点也没有。

If I had some money ，I would lend him some ，but unfortunately ，I have none .(none

＝not any money)

如果我有钱的话，我就借给他了，但遗憾的是，我没钱。

I wished someone could help me ，but there was no one at the moment.(no one ＝not anyone)

我希望当时有人能帮我，但当时没有人。

4．many ，much ，few ，little ，a few ，a little 的区别

＝much。

(2016·浙江高考)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.

一位在她的实验台工作的科学家和一个六个月大的玩弄食物的孩子似乎没有共同之处。

5．one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those的区别

＝a summer camp)based on your own interests.

我们为您的假期提供了各种各样的夏令营，您可以根据自己的兴趣选择一种。(one代替“a/an＋单数名词”)

考点二介词

一、介词

1．表示方位的at，in，on，to，beside/by和near

Shandong Province lies in the east of China.

The picture is hanging on the wall.

Jiangsu Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province. She was standing beside her mother.

There is a supermarket near my home.

2．表示方位的between 和among

The teacher was standing among the students.

3．表示方位的across，through，over和past

The thief jumped over the fence and fled away.

4．表示时间点的at，in和on

He has worked in this company since graduation.

6．表示交通方式的by，in和on

My father often goes to work in his car/on his bicycle. 7．表示“用……”的by，in和with

All the applicants are required to fill in the form in ink. They are busy digging with spades.

8．表示“除……外”的except，except for 和besides

His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. He has learned German，French besides English.

9．其他常考介词的用法

(1)against的用法

①(表示态度)反对

An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.

②(表示对比)以……为背景

The skier's red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.

③(表示方位)倚靠着……

The girl was leaning against the wall with her arms folded.

(2)beyond的用法

①(表示位置)在……另一边，在……更远处

The small village is 20 miles beyond the town.

②(表示时间)晚于……

He delayed the matter beyond the fixed time.

③(表示程度)超出，非……所能及

To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.

(3)over的用法

①(表示方位)越过

The airplane flew over the mountains and disappeared in the distance.

②(表示等级或数目)高于，在……之上，超过

He has got the job because he has the advantage over others of knowing many languages.

③(表示时间或过程)在……期间

I'm sorry I didn't phone you，but I've been very busy over the past couple of weeks.

(4)to的用法

①(表示方向、距离)到，向，去

It was on the way to the railway station.

②(表示时间)直到……为止，到

He wakes at a quarter to six every morning.

③(表示比较、比例、参照)与……相比，相对于……而言

I prefer oranges to apples.

④(表示对象关系)属于，对，给

The hospital is attached to the university.

⑤达到(某一点或某个限度)

Temperatures dropped to 25 degrees below zero.

(5)under的用法

①在……下面，在……之下

She placed the ladder under the window.

②在……过程中

The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion.

③(数字、数量、年龄或价格)低于，少于，在……以下

These toys are not suitable for children under five.

④受……影响

She's been under a lot of pressure at work.

(6)with的用法

①和……一起，和，同，跟

Would you like to go shopping with me?

②(表示同时或同一方向)随着

With time going by，the little tree has grown up.

③具有，带有

The dictionary is what I want，but I don't have enough money with me.

④由于，因为

He trembled with fear.

⑤(表示方式)用

He cut it with a knife.

二、介词短语

介词的固定搭配考查有两种：一是考查固定搭配中的介词；二是考查介词短语。

(2016·四川高考)The common cold is a good example：women，on average，get fewer colds than men.

普通感冒就是一个很好的例子：平均来说，女士比男士更少感冒。

常考介词短语

1．介词与名词的常用搭配

(1)at＋n.表示状态

at a loss不知所措at breakfast早餐时

at peace处于和平中at rest静止，不动

at sea在海上，在航海at war在战争中

(2)at＋n.表示时间

at Christmas在圣诞节at dusk在黄昏

at dawn在黎明at daybreak在拂晓

at midnight在午夜at night在夜里

at noon在正午at present目前

(3)以at开头组成的短语

at the beginning of在……的开始

at the cost of以……的代价

at the end of在……的尽头

at the foot of在……脚下

(4)on＋n.表示状态

on line在工作(或运行) on sale出售，打折

on show在展出on the decrease在减少on the go在忙碌中on the increase在增加on the way在途中on trial在受审

(5)以on开头的介词短语

on account of因为on behalf of代表

on condition that 在……的条件下，如果on no account/condition/occasion 决不

on the basis of 以……为基础

on the occasion of 在……时

(6)by＋n.表示方式

by accident偶然by air/plane乘飞机

by chance偶然by coincidence碰巧

by force用暴力by hand用手工

by mistake错误地by the day按天算

by nature天生地by radio通过收音机

(7)in＋n.表示方式

in cash用现金付款in width在宽度上

in depth在深度上in detail详细地

in English用英语in height在海拔上

in length在长度上in ink用墨水

in shape在外形上in size在大小上

(8)in＋n.表示状态

in anger生气地in battle在战斗中

in bed在床上in comfort舒适地

in danger处于危险中in debt负债

in delight高兴地in despair绝望

in need需要in order按次序的；井然有序in peace平静地，平安地in practice在实践中

in print已出版in prison在狱中

in public公开地in rags穿着破烂

in ruins成为废墟in secret秘密地

(9)以in开头构成的介词短语

in the face of面对in addition to另外

in need of需要in no case决不

in no time立刻in no way决不

in respect of关于in response to作为回应

in return作为回报in spite of尽管

(10)of＋n.表示特征(等于相应的形容词)

of benefit有益处的of help有帮助的

of importance重要的of interest有趣的

of significance有意义的of use有用的

(11)out of＋n.表示状态

out of danger脱离危险out of date过期

out of debt不欠债out of fashion不流行

out of luck不走运out of mind发狂

out of office在野out of order出故障

out of patience不耐烦out of season过季

out of shape走样，不成形out of sight看不到

out of trouble摆脱困难out of work失业

(12)under＋n.表示被动

under attack遭到袭击

under discussion在讨论中

under pressure在压力下

under repair在修理中

under treatment在治疗中

under way在进行中

(13)以under开头的短语

under the care of...在……的看护下

under the command of...在……的统帅之下

under the control of...在……控制下

under the direction of...在……指导下

(14)with＋n.表示情绪

with anger生气地with confidence有信心地with courage英勇地with delight/joy高兴地with difficulty困难地with fear害怕地

with interest有兴趣地with pleasure乐意地with pride骄傲地with satisfaction满意地(15)beyond＋n.表示“超出……，难以……”

beyond compare无与伦比

beyond comprehension难以理解

beyond control失控

beyond description难以描述

beyond doubt不用怀疑，确实

beyond expression难以表达

beyond measure非常；极其

2．形容词与介词的常用搭配(1)adj.＋about

be anxious about忧虑……

be careful about小心……

be concerned about担心……

be curious about对……好奇

be excited about对……感到兴奋(2)adj.＋at

be angry at恼怒于

be astonished at对……吃惊

be bad at不擅长

be delighted at因……而高兴

(3)adj.＋in

be absorbed in专注于

be active in积极于

be confident in对……有信心

be diligent in勤于

be dressed in穿着……

be engaged in忙于……

be excellent in在……方面优秀

be experienced in在……方面有经验(4)adj.＋for

be anxious for急切盼望，渴望

be eager for渴望

be famous for以……著名

be fit for适合，胜任

be good for对……有益

(5)adj.＋from

be absent from缺席

be different from不同于

be far from远离

be free from不受……影响

be safe from免受……的伤害

(6)adj.＋to

be blind to对……是盲目的

be close to接近

be contrary to与……相反

be deaf to不愿意听

be devoted to致力于……

be equal to等于……

be fair to对……公平

be familiar to被……所熟悉

be friendly to对……友好

be good to对……好

be grateful to对……心存感激

be harmful to对……有危害

(7)adj.＋of

be afraid of害怕

be ashamed of为……感到羞耻

be aware of意识到

be capable of能够

be composed of由……组成

(8)adj.＋with

by angry with(sb.)对(某人)发怒

be busy with忙于

be combined with与……结合

be concerned with与……有关；涉及，关心，关注be connected with与……有关

核心考点针对练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2017·东营一模) is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.

2．(2017·青岛一模)My feet had hardly touched the sandy bottom when the two men jumped down，one on each side of (I)．

3．(2017·资阳一诊) wasn't until two days ago that Dad allowed me to drive on the motorway.

4．(2017·汕头二模)This is 18-year-old Musa Bockarie's story about how first aid saved (he) life.

5．(2017·青岛检测)In the winter of 1891，a certain college was having some trouble with (it)boy students.

6．(2017·济南模拟)When he was 30，back in 1953，he was working a research assistant in the university. 【导学号：11470166】

7．(2017·资阳一诊)“Speed up.70 kph isn't fast enough.You are holding up traffic，”ordered another voice from the seat next me.

8．(2017·青岛模拟)The game was played two teams.

9．(2017·河南中原名校模拟)I sat on the side of the stage，my script open on a music stand in front of me.

10．(2017·安庆模拟)Even though our eyes are closed，they move rapidly from side side.

【答案】

1．It[句意：人们普遍认为，在我们的教育体制里，有比较贫困的社会经济背景的年轻人往往会表现不佳。it作形式主语，“that young people from poorer socio­economic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system”为主语从句，是真正的主语。]

2．me[句意：我的双脚刚接触到沙质底部，这时那两个人就跳了下来，我左右两侧各有一个人。介词后需用代词宾格形式，故答案为me。]

3．It[句意：直到两天前父亲才允许我驾车上高速公路。“It is/was not until...that...”为“not...until...”句型的强调句形式。]

4．his[句意：这是关于急救如何挽救了18岁的Musa Bockarie生命的故事。设空处需用形容词性物主代词作名词life的定语。]

5．its[句意：在1891年冬季，某所大学在处理该校男生问题方面出现了困难。设空处用its相当于the college's。]

6．as[句意：早在1953年，当时他30岁，他在那所大学里当了一名研究助理。work as从事……工作。]

7．to[句意：“加快速度。每小时70千米还不够快。你正在造成交通阻塞。”从我旁边座位那里发出的另一个声音命令道。next to意为“挨着”。] 8．between[句意：比赛在两支队伍间进行。between两者之间。]

9．with[句意：我坐在舞台的一侧，我的剧本打开着，放在我前面的乐谱架上。with的复合结构作状语。]

10．to[句意：尽管我们眼睛紧闭，但它们(眼球)从一侧到另一侧迅速转动。from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。]

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2017·龙岩3月质检)I was so stubborn that I wouldn't say sorry to him，believing he had done nothing wrong.

2．(2017·焦作一模)When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work，they looked a little surprised at first.

3．(2017·湖北七市3月联考)Our parents check our bags to make it sure we're not getting into trou-ble.

4．(2017·邯郸一模)On the first day，we got up early to attend to the flag­raising ceremony.

5．(2017·中原名校联盟4月仿真)Today，she lives thousands of miles away from me，but she sometimes e­mails with me about the books she is reading.

【答案】

1．he→I[句意：我如此固执以至于我相信我做的没有错，不愿意向他道歉。根据上下文逻辑可知需将he改为I。]

2．us→our[句意：当我们将热粥递给清洁工并表达我们对他们的艰苦工作的感激时，他们一开始显得有点惊奇。名词appreciation前需用形容词性物主代词，故将us改为our。]

3．去掉it[句意：我们的父母检查我们的书包以确保我们不会遇到麻烦。make sure为固定短语，不必在make和sure之间加it。]

4．去掉第二个to[句意：第一天我们很早地起床以便参加升旗仪式。attend 作“出席”讲时为及物动词，不必与介词to连用。]

5．去掉with[句意：现在她生活在离我几千英里之外，但是她有时候会给我发电子邮件谈论她正读的图书。e-mail作动词时，为及物动词，不必与介词with连用。]

高考题型综合练

Ⅰ.语法填空

George Washington was the first President of the United States of America.His first term 1 president was from 1789 to 1793 and his second term from 1793 to 1797. 2 he became president，he played important roles in the army， 3 (lead)the American Continental Army to victory over the British in 1783.Washington is often seen as the father of the United States and is probably the best 4 (know)American politician ever.

The likeness and the name of George Washington can still be seen in many places.There is the portrait of 5 (he)and three other American presidents carved into Mount Rushmore National Memorial.His image is also used on 6 one-dollar bill and the quarter-dollar coin.At least three universities 7 (name)after him.

Washington's Birthday was first celebrated as a holiday in Columbia in 1880.It was made a federal holiday in 1885.The holiday was 8 (original)held on the anniversary of Washington's birth，on February 22.In 1971，this holiday was moved to the 9 (three)Monday in February.

This holiday is legally designated as “Washington's Birthday”．Though other institutions such as local governments and private 10 (business)may use other

names，it is the federal government's policy to always refer to holidays by the names designated in the law.

【语篇解读】乔治·华盛顿是美国历史上第一位总统，也是刻入拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园的四位伟大总统之一。美国人民非常崇拜华盛顿，将他的诞辰纪念日定于二月份的第三个星期一。

1．as[考查介词。根据上下文语境分析，此处表示作为总统的第一个任期是从1789年到1793年，第二个任期是从1793年到1797年。as“当作，作为”。] 2．Before[考查连词。根据语境可分析，他在当总统之前，在军队中起着重要作用。故需填入从属连词before。]

3．leading[考查非谓语动词。此处表示他在军中担任要职，他领导的美国大陆军于1783年战胜英军。主语he与动词lead之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。]

4．known[考查形容词。由语境和句式结构分析，空格处缺少形容词，表示“知名的”。结合提示词可知应填known。此处表示华盛顿通常被看作美国之父，他也可能是美国最著名的政治家。]

5．him[考查代词。根据语境分析，介词of缺少宾语，且此处指代华盛顿，故用him。]

6．the[考查冠词。由下文的“the quarter-dollar coin”可判断，此处为特指，即特指华盛顿的头像印在the one-dollar bill上。]

7．are named[考查动词时态、语态。本段的主体时态为一般现在时，且此处没有明确的表示其他时态的时间状语，由此可分析，此处应用一般现在时，而句中的主语“three universities”与动词name之间存在动宾关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are named。]

8．originally[考查词形转换。根据句子结构分析，此处的一般过去时的被动语态was held缺少副词修饰，故该填入形容词original的副词形式，即originally。]

9．third[考查序数词。根据语境和上文的定冠词the可判断出，此处该填入基数词three的序数词，即third。在1971年，这一节日被移到了二月的第三个星期一。]

10．businesses[考查名词单复数。根据文中的关键信息“other

institutions...local governments”可判断出，此处应用名词的复数形式businesses，表示多家私人企业。] 【导学号：11470167】Ⅱ.短文改错

Dear Li Hua，

Thank you for trusting me and told me your anxiety and puzzle before taking exams.Actually，it's a common experience for students in Senior 3.Please take thing easy and the following tips might be helpful.

First，talking to friends that you trust might make yourself feel better.You may find that you had similar feelings.Another effectively way to relax is to do sports regularly，which may benefit for you both physically and mentally.If you do so，you will full of energy when studying.Besides，after class，you can go out of the classroom to have a walk or listen to some music to get refreshing.

At last，remind yourself now or then that you can make it when you feel discouraged.I believe you can achieve your dream with your hard works!

Yours，

Zhang Ming 【答案】

Dear Li Hua，

Thank you for trusting me and

told

telling me your anxiety and puzzle before taking

exams.Actually，it's a common experience for students in Senior 3.Please take thing

things/it easy and the following tips might be helpful.

First，talking to friends that you trust might make yourself

you feel better.You may

find that you had

have similar feelings.Another

effectively

effective way to relax is to do sports

regularly，which may benefit ﹨

f or you both physically and mentally.If you do so，you

will ∧

be full of energy when studying.Besides，after class，you can go out of the

classroom to have a walk or listen to some music to get refreshing refreshed.

At last，remind yourself now

or

and then that you can make it when you feel

discouraged.I believe you can achieve your dream with your hard works

work！

Yours，

Zhang Ming

2018高三英语(创新通用版)一轮复习(教师用书)第2部分专题3代词和介词Word版含答案

专题三 代词和介词 考点一 代词 一、人称代词 他会借咖啡来浇愁。 Thank you for your letter. 谢谢你的来信。 I bought a present for him . 我给他买了件礼物。 二、物主代词 这是你的座位吗，先生？ The government has changed its policy. 政府已经改变了政策。 This is not my dictionary.Mine is lent to Lucy.

这不是我的字典，我的借给露西了。 This camera is mine and that is yours . 这部照相机是我的，那部是你的。 Every person showed his ticket ，and I showed mine too. 每个人都出示了票，我也出示了我的。 三、反身代词 反身代词⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧作宾语⎩⎨⎧动宾：Tom taught himself Chinese. 汤姆自学了汉语。 介宾：You can't leave the baby by himself . 你不能把孩子独自留在那里。 作表语：She is not quite herself today. 她今天不在状态。 作同位语：I myself can repair the bike. 我自己能修那辆自行车。 四、不定代词 1．both ，all ，either ，any ， neither ，none 的区别 in industrialized countries. 在工业化国家，现在男性和女性都会活得更长。 2．one ，another ，the other ，some ，others ，the others 的区别

2018-2019学年高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破第二讲代词和介词随堂训练新人教版

代词和介词 Ⅰ单句语法填空 1．(2016·天津卷)I hate it when she calls me at work —I’m always too busy to carry ___________ a conversation with her. 答案：on 2．(2016·浙江卷6月)That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help. ___________ short，he’s reliable. 答案：In 3．(2018·潍坊一模)___________ Saturday afternoon, my friends and I decided to cook some traditional Chinese food rather than eat out. 答案：On 4．(2015·重庆卷)The meeting will be held in September, but ___________ knows the date for sure. 答案：nobody 5．(2015·天津卷)The quality of education in this small school is better than ___________ in some larger schools. 答案：that 6．(四川卷)She’d lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ___________ and moved to Cambridge. 答案：neither 7．(2018·三门峡考前适应性训练)She remembered how difficult ___________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 答案：it 8．(2018·丹东总复习测试)When Monday came, she arrived at school in Colorado, only to be told that her new hair style was ___________ the school rules. 答案：against 9．(2018·长春外国语学校模拟)Nowadays, ___________ the development of technology, online shopping is becoming more and more convenient. 答案：with 10．Don’t wo rry about the children. They’re old enough to take care of ___________ (they)．

高考英语一轮语法复习 专题05 代词、介词和冠词专练(三)(含解析)-人教版高三全册英语试题

2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练〔三〕 一、根底达标测试〔此题共30小题，每题1分，共30分〕 1.(2020.3月份质检) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside forwhile, exercising, or dong something you enjoy. 【答案】a 【解析】考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。 2.(2020.沈阳5月份模拟)______ time, when the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 【答案】over 【解析】考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，当人口逐渐增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮的快一点。Over time意为“随着时间的推移〞，故填over. 3.(2020.浙江二模) In India, for example, most people traditionally eattheir hands. 【答案】with 【解析】考查介词。句意：在印度，大局部人还是用传统的吃饭方法－－用手拿，with＋表示具体工具的名词，故填with. 4.(2020·山东省一模)You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ______ number of questions. 【答案】a 【解析】考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions.故填a. 5.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch, both of ________ 〔they〕murdered by an evil wizard. 【答案】them 【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them.6.If you

高考英语二轮复习英语通用版讲义：第三板块_no.2_再研考点_第一层级_第二讲_代词和介词_word版含解析

第二讲代词和介词 近几年，高考对代词的考查主要集中在代词的基本用法上，因 此这类试题一般较为简单。语法填空侧重对it用法的考查；而短 文改错对代词的考查主要集中在不定代词、反身代词、形容词性物 主代词和代词的格等的用法上。 考生在解题时要根据语境、句意判断人称和数，应仔细阅读上下文，根据代词具体指代的对象和在句中充当的成分，确定代词的格。未来高考对代词的考查将继续侧重代词的基本用法，并会加强语境的真实性和复杂性。 (一)考点练悟(用代词填空) “Without the ball, I'm half complete of 1.________ (I)，”Luis Figo, one of the world's greatest football players once said. The Portuguese played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since. He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing 2.________ (he) hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for 3.________ (he) in Lisbon. “Figo, Figo，” 4.________ shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field. The Real Madrid player, 31, wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win 5.________ Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 82.4 million dollars in 2000, and he showed everyone what a great player he was by winning FIFA's Footballer of the Year award in 2001. “Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player，” said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001. “Figo 6.________ (he) is a real leader who always t ries his best on the field and a good team player. 7.________ is no problem for him to work together with his teammate at Real Madrid, star footballer David Beckham.” In fact, Figo was the first 8.________ to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team, and we can help one 9.________ and work together to be successful，” Figo said. 答案：1.myself 2.his 3.him 4.all 5.another 6.himself7.It8.one9.another (二)快捷技法 思考趋向 1．当提示词为代词时，需分析判断用其主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词中的哪种形式。 2．如空后无提示词，且空格处在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，考虑填代词。 解题规则 1．人称代词、物主代词和反身代词常考点 (1)人称代词中第三人称的主格(he, she, it, they)与宾格(him, her, it, them)常指代前文或后文出现的人或

(浙江专用)高考英语大一轮复习 语法专项突破 专题三 不可忽视的小词——冠词、代词和介词(短语)(一

专题三不可无视的小词——冠词、代词和介词〔短语〕〔一〕冠 词 单句语法填空 1．We should take active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark that is true as well as good. an解析：attitude表示“态度〞为可数名词，表示泛指时单数名词前应加不定冠词，active的发音以元音音素开头，故其前应加an。 2．After work, he learned to play guitar. He liked living on the farm, for the life was simple. the/his解析：考查冠词或物主代词。guitar为乐器，需在其前加定冠词the。因为guitar和主语he是所属关系，故也可以用形容词性物主代词his。 3．I could only tell him truth. Instead of scolding, he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize to our neighbor. the解析：考查冠词。tell the truth为固定词组搭配，故用定冠词the。 4．One discovery I made about giving something away is that it is almost possible to give anything away in his world, and the return often comes in unexpected way. an解析：此处表示回报经常以一种出乎意料的方式出现。way作“方法，方式〞讲时，是可数名词，且此处表示“一种……的方式〞，unexpected的发音以元音音素开头，所以要用an。 5．To this beautiful, culturally remarkable island, people’s recognition is honor. an解析：句意：对这座富有文化底蕴的美丽小岛来说，人们的认可是一种荣誉。honor 通常用作抽象名词，表示“荣誉〞，但此处抽象名词具体化，故honor前面需用不定冠词，表示“一种荣誉〞。 6．I visited Hangzhou for the first time in the summer of 2019. It is so attractive that I decided to go there for second time next year. a解析：句意：2019年夏天我第一次去杭州旅游。那里如此迷人，我决定明年再去一次。a second time表示“又一次，再一次〞，故填a。

(新课标)高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点二代词和介词(含解析)

考点二代词和介词 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 1．“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product­making factory into a product­making power, ________ driven by innovation and emphasizing q uality over quantity． 答案：one 句意：“2025中国制造”的目标是把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国，一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。one表示泛指，相当于“a (n)＋名词”，代替的是同类事物中的“一个”。 2．To his delight, Tom quickly earned the trust of his boss and then ________ of his colleagues． 答案：that 句意：让他高兴的是，汤姆很快就获得了他老板的信任，然后是他同事们的信任。根据句意可知此处指代同类异物的不可数名词trust，用that。 3．I know you want to borrow money, but I don't have ________ at hand myself．答案：any any此处为代词，意为“一点，一些”，用于否定句中。 4．________ who are able to work through the struggle are the ones who are going to be successful． 答案：Those 句意：那些拼搏工作的人，就是将会成功的人。句中缺少定语从句的先行词，根据句中主句和从句动词are可知先行词用复数，指代那些人。 5．Due to ________ humor and irony (反语), Xiangsheng has spread far and wide．答案：its 句意：由于具有幽默与讽刺的效果，相声广为流传。根据空后的“humor and irony (反语)”可知，空处应用形容词性物主代词。 6．All in all, every student should behave ________ and keep away from violence．答案：himself 此处behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“举止得当”，此处需要用反身代词himself。 7．The company and the effect ________ brought about did a great deal of good to our business in the market． 答案：it 句意：这家公司及其所带来的影响对我们的业务有很大的好处。句中的it代指the company, it brought about为定语从句，先行词the effect作brought about的宾语，故省略了关系词which或that。 8．The problem should be handled very carefully to balance the needs of people with ________ of nature．

高三英语一轮复习代词教案

学年秋季学期高三年级英语学科 集体备课记录表（“六备式”大教案） 课题Pronoun 课时 3 课型Grammar 年级班级高三 备课时间授课时间 主备教师参备教师 备课标备教材教学目标：（包括知识与能力、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观） 知识与能力： 1.了解9种代词的基本用法。 2.熟练掌握不定代词、替代词、人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的用法。 3.准确把握代词it表示时间、距离、天气,it的固定句型及it作形式主语、形式宾语等的用法。 过程与方法：通过复习知识点和练习相结合。 情感态度与价值：通过简单的代词学习，希望学生能够意识到高考并没有想象中的难。 教学重点和难点： 教学重点：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的讲解与应用。 教学难点：不定代词、it的用法。 备学法简要概括学生学习情况，了解学生学习基础，提出对学生学习方法的培养和能力提高的策略： In order to improve the students’ English skills and grades, I will ask the students review some key points about pronoun. In class , they need finish the tasks according to teacher’s guidance. 备教法教学方法： Presentation、TBLT、pair work and group work 教学辅助： Slide、blackboard、workbook

备教材、备考纲教学设计： Step 1:高考命题趋势 1.高考对代词的考查有所变化,主要考查物主代词、人称代词的用法,并开始考查反身代词和不定代词的用法,对it用法的考查有所弱化。 2.这一专题在近两年的高考短文改错中考查较多,在语法填空题中重点考查在语境中正确运用代词。 Step2:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 E.g: They are our close friends. Jim told us to leave him alone. --- Who is knocking at the door? --- It’s me. ---I will go with her. ---Don’t place so much pressure on us. 1．物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，必须与所指的名词在人称、数和性别方面保持一致。如： The waiters offered their food to the homeless man. 2. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能作名词或动名词的定语。 e.g. This is our classroom. Would you mind my opening the window? 3. 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，可单独作主语、宾语、表语。此外，名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用，构成双重所有格。如：This is her coat. Mine is over there. Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. 人称代词的形式和用法 第一人称第二人称第三人称 单数复数单数复数单数复数主格I we you you he, she, it they 宾格me us you you him, her, it them 物主代词的形式和用法 第一人称第二人称第三人称 单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性物主代词my our your your his, her, its their 名词性物主代词mine ours yours yours his, hers, its theirs

2022版高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破专题三不可忽视的小词_代词冠词和介词短语第三讲介词短语学案含解

第三讲介词(短语) Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2020·高考某某卷)Some time after 10，000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ，through agriculture. 解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，they lived 是定语从句，修饰先行词the world；省略了关系代词，说明关系代词在从句中作宾语。根据语法常识知，live常和介词in搭配，意为“居住在……〞。省略了的关系代词作in的宾语。 答案：in 2．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist earth, Mother Nature. 解析：考查介词。此处on earth相当于in the world，意思是“在世上，在人间〞。 答案：on 3．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Museums must pete people's spare time and money with other amusements.Most museums also wele school groups and arrange special activities for children. 解析：考查介词。pete for...with...为了……而与……竞争，为固定搭配。 答案：for Ⅱ．单句改错 1．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)I'm glad to know that you've e China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. 解析：考查介词。句意：知道你来到中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫我很高兴。e为不与物动词，后面加宾语时，需加介词。此处表示“来到……〞，故在e后加to。 答案：e后加to

2018高三英语(浙江专版)一轮复习(教师用书)第2部分专题3形容词和副词Word版含答案

专题三形容词和副词 高考中，对该部分的考查主要集中在形容词和副词的基本用法、构词法知识和比较等级等方面。 考点1形容词和副词的基本用法 形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征，在句中作定语、表语、宾语、补语。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、句子等，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词在句中主要作状语，同时还要注意形容词和副词之间的转化。 形容词变副词规则： 1．一般形容词在词尾加-ly。 clear－clearly great－greatly mad－madly slow－slowly 2．以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，常常把y改为i再加-ly构成副词。 happy－happily easy－easily heavy－heavily 3．词尾为-le 的形容词，通常去掉e，再加-y。 gentle－gently simple－simply 4．词尾为-ue的形容词，通常去掉e再加-ly。 true－truly due－duly 5．词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y。 dull－dully full－fully (2015·安徽高考)There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. 世界各地都有特别多的蚂蚁。 [易错警示] 对于形容词与副词的考查多是关于词形的变化，因此要根据它在句中的作用来判断用形容词还是副词形式。对于形容词变为副词的规则要牢记，这样才能保证答案准确无误。同时也要根据上下文判断是否要变成反义词，这时需要在词根前加an-，im­，in­，dis­等。

考点2形容词和副词的比较等级 1．形容词和副词比较级、最高级的构成 (1)形容词比较级和最高级 ①大多数以-ly结尾的副词在其前加more和most来构成比较级和最高级。quickly－more quickly－most quickly carefully－more carefully－most carefully ②单音节词及少数双音节词在词尾加-er构成比较级，加­est构成最高级。hard－harder－hardest fast－faster－fastest early－earlier－earliest (3)几个特殊的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

2018高三英语(浙江专版)一轮复习(教师用书)第2部分专题2代词和介词Word版含答案

专题二代词和介词 高考中对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、替代词、不定代词以及it的用法等。对介词的考查多集中在几个常用介词和固定搭配上。 考点1人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 ①在语法填空中，若空格后是名词，则空格处多用形容词性物主代词、名词所有格或形容词修饰； ②如果空格前是动词，就应考虑用人称代词的宾格和反身代词。(2015·江苏

高考)I thought to myself，“If he can do it, then so can I．”我心想，“如果他能做，我也能。” 考点2替代词的用法 the ones和those可以换用，但是当后面有介词短语或who引导的定语从句修饰时，常用those。 (2015·安徽高考)The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones. 结果是我们扔掉有用的物品给新的东西腾地方。 (2015·重庆高考)When Alice was sixteen，I was the one who wanted to run away from home. 当艾丽斯16岁的时候，我是那个想要离家出走的人。 The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter.在冬天，北京的天气比南京的天气冷得多。

考点3不定代词的用法 1．both，all，either，any，neither，none的用法 [ 固定搭配：anything but 根本不；nothing but 只不过，仅仅；all but 差不多；none but 仅仅，只有。everything 意为“每件事物，所有事物”，强调整体，与not连用时表示部分否定，意为“并不是所有事物都……”。 3.none，no one/nobody，nothing 的用法

(新课标)高考英语一轮总复习 第2部分 第2讲 代词和介词教案(含解析)牛津译林版

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