初中英语定语从句专项语法讲解

:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。修
定语从句一般放在先行词的后


引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括
， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，
， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接


可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行
主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从


1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语

The man that is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker．
that指人，作主语）
This is the doctor that you talked about yesterday.（that指人 作宾语）
（that指物 作主语）
that I received yesterday was from my father．（that指物 作宾语）
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

Mary likes music which is quiet and gentle.（which指物作主语）
The film which we saw last night was wonderful. （which指物作宾语）
3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有
who代替whom，也可省略。例如：
This is the thief who stole my bike． （who指人，作主语）
（who指人，作宾语）
．

五、关系词只能用that的情况：
1. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、
that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.

2.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything，anything，
， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？

3.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等
that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
4. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the

5.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
6.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

六、关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
1.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that. What’s
？

2.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
3.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：
Tom came back， which made us hap

py.

五、关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.


）1. I like the music I can dance to.
B. whose C. when D. how
）2. The book he bought yesterday is very interesting.
不填 B. why C. when D. what
）3. This is one of the best films I have ever seen.
B. that C. in which D. in that
）4. The town we visited a few years ago is much large than before.
B. who C. which D. where
）5. The young lady we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.
B. whose C. whom D. which
）6. The man is smoking there is Li Ming’s father.
B. where C. who D. whose
）7. I like the teacher classes are very interesting and creative.
B. who C. what D. whose
）8. I like to live in the house is big and bright.
B. who C. how D. what
）9. ----Do you know the man came here yesterday?
----Yes , he brought me the most interesting book I had wanted to buy.
B. who, that
D. what, that
）10. I love people are friendly to others.
B. whose C. what D. who
）11. The skirt is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.
B. / C. that D. it
）12. This is the girl mother is an English teacher of our school.
B. who C. whom D. whose
）13. The songs Alice sang were very popular.
B. who C. that D. whose
）14. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
-Yes， he’s our headmaster.
A. he B. who C. which D. whom
）15. This is the best hotel _____I know in the city.
A. where B. which C. that D. it
）16. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that B. it C. which D. who
）17. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A. who’s Bwhose C. that D. of which.
）18. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was