北京四中2018高考英语专题8：情态动词和虚拟语气(学生版)(可编辑修改word版)

专题八情态动词和虚拟语气

考向预测

高考中英语里常出现的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better 等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。

高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。

考点定位

情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

考点 1 情态动词基本含义的考查

情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。

【典例】

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out.

A. had to

B. would

C. was able to

D. could

【答案】C

【解析】考查情态动词的基本含义。had to：不得不；would：表示意愿或过去常常；could 倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；was able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此，答案是C。

【典例】

—Jim is very sick these days.He coughs so badly,

—In my opinion, he really listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.

A.should

B.can

C.may

D.need

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查情态动词用法。句意：——吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止。——依我看，他真的应该听医

生话，少吸些烟。根据语境“吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止”推断，说话者会认为“吉姆应该听医生的话，少吸些烟”，故空格中应该填should，表示“应该；理应”。

【典例】

You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady.

A. might

B. need

C. should

D. would

【答案】C

【解析】should 表示说话人感情，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。在此句中表示说话人一种惊奇的语气。句意为：你不可能想象出体面的绅士竟然对一位女士那么粗鲁。答案是C。

考点 2 情态动词表示推测的考查

对情态动词表示推测的用法，是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。

【典例】

Sorry，I’m late.I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

A. might

B. should

C. can

D. will

【答案】A

【解析】might have done：（过去）可能做过某事；should have done：本应该做某事。根据本句提供的情境I’m late 表明说话人可能把闹钟关上了。故选A。

【典例】

My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he your lecture.

A. couldn’t have attended

B. needn’t have attended

C. mustn’t have attended

D. shouldn’t have attended

【答案】A

【解析】couldn’t have done：（过去）不可能做某事；needn’t have done：本来不必做某事；mustn’t have done：一定未做过某事；shouldn’t have done：本不该做某事。根据提供的情境My sister met him at the Great Theatre 表明他不可能参加讲座。故选A。

【典例】

Mr Bush is on time for everything. How it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?

A. can

B. should

C. may

D. must

【答案】A

【解析】can 表示可能性。布什先生按时做一切事，他怎么可能开幕式迟到呢？答案是A。

考点 3 情态动词表示虚拟的考查

情态动词＋have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重

要方面。

【典例】

There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You come, but why didn’t you?

A. must have

B. should

C. need have

D. ought to have

【答案】D

【解析】ought to have done 表示本来应该做某事而实际没做，should do 表示现在应该做某事，与题中at yesterday’s party 表示的时间不一致。故选D。

【典例】

I was really anxious about you.You home without a word.

A. mustn’t leave

B. shouldn’t have left

C. couldn’t have left

D. needn’t leave

【答案】B

【解析】shouldn’t have done 表示本来不应该做而实际上做了。句意为：你不应该不说一句话就离开家，而实际上是没说一句话就离开家了。故选B。

考点 4 情态动词与助动词混合考查

【典例】

Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?

—I , but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.

A. had to

B. didn’t

C. was going to

D. wouldn’t

【答案】C

【解析】had to：不得不；didn’t：没来；was going to：打算来；wouldn’t：不愿来。句意：——汤姆，昨晚你没来参加舞会吗？——我本打算来，但我突然记起有作业要做。But 是关键词，故选C。

【典例】

Your phone number again? I quite catch it .

—It’s 86184867.

A. didn’t

B. couldn’t

C. don’t

D. can’t

【答案】A

【解析】记住电话号码并非难事，未完全听清楚电话号码并非能力的事，此处只是说没有完全听清楚电话号码，所以，应选A。

考点 5 虚拟语气的基本用法

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be 动词用were）+其他成分+if+ should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。

【典例】

If it were not for the fact that she sing，I would invite her to the party.

A. couldn’t

B. shouldn’t

C. can’t

D. might not

【答案】C

【解析】句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that 从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。故选C。

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could…+have done+其他成分。

【典例】

If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it all day.

A. rained

B. rains

C. has rained

D. is raining

【答案】A

【解析】句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。“下了一天的雨”是事实，所以用陈述语气。因为是发生在过去的事实，故选A。

3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分

+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。

【典例】

If I plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

A.would

B.could

C.had to

D.ought to

【答案】B

【解析】句意为：如果我能够计划做我想做的事情，我想去西藏并且尽可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是与将来事

实相反的事情，故选B。

考点 6 含蓄虚拟条件句

这样的虚拟句不含有if 从句，而是以but for/without/or/orherwise 等引导的句子代替if 从句，主句的谓语

动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本法相同。

【典例】

Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we it without you.

A. can manage

B. could have managed

C. could managed

D. can have managed

【答案】B

【解析】由语境可知这里要表达的意思是：如果没有辛勤的工作，我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然，这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟，所以要用could have done，故选B。

考点 7 主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句

在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。

【典例】

It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen

B. had not fallen

C. should fall

D. were to fall

【答案】B

【解析】句意为：如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox 图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情，故选B。

考点 8 名词性从句中的虚拟语气

在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it 做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/nat ural/a pity/a shame 等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should 可以省略。

【典例】

—Don’t you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York？

—I agree，but the problem is he has refused to.

A. will not be sent；that

B. not be sent；that

C. should not be sent；what

D. should not send；what

【答案】B

【解析】句意为：如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox 图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情，故选B。

考点9 wish/if only/would rather 从句中的虚拟语气

具体说来其基本结构为：wish/if only/would rather+主语+动词一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反，其中be 动词用were）/动词过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）/would+动词原型（表示与将来事实相反）。

【典例】

Look at the trouble I’m in,if only I your advice!

A. followed

B. would follow

C. had followed

D. should follow

【答案】C

【解析】句意为：看我目前的困境，要是我听你的建议就好了。其描述的是与过去事实相反的事情，故选C。

60 分钟）

经典常规题

单项选择

1.【2017·北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf.

A. must

B. should

C. can

D. need

2.【2017·北京卷】If the new safety system to use, the accident would never have happened.

A. had been put

B. were put

C. should be put

D. would be put

3.【2017·江苏卷】not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

A. It were

B. Were it

C. It was

D. Was it

4.【2017·天津卷】My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.

A. daren’t

B. shouldn’t

C. needn’t

D. mustn’t

5.【2017·天津卷】—Do you have Betty’s phone number?

—Yes. Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday.

A.hadn’t been

B. wouldn’t have been

C. weren’t

D. wouldn’t be

6.【2016·北京】I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.

A. needn’t

B. mustn’t

C. wouldn’t

D. shouldn’t

7.【2016·北京】Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me, I could have helped.

A. told

B. had told

C. were to tell

D. would tell

8.【2016·江苏】If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.

A. had not been

B. should not be

C. were not to be

D. should not have been

9.【2016·天津】It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommended.

A. wouldn’t

B. couldn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

10.【2016·天津】I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I .

A.were injured

B. would be injured

C. had been injured

D. would have been injured

11.【2016·浙江】Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths since their highest in 2005.

A.had not fallen

B. would not fall

C. did not fall

D. would not have fallen

12.【2016·浙江】George too far . His coffee is still warm .

A.must have gone

B. might have gone

C. can't have gone

D. needn't have gone

13.【2015·北京】—Can’t you stay a little longer?

—It’s getting late. I really go now, My daughter is home alone.

A .may

B .can

C . must

D .dare

14.【2015·北京】If I it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.

A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen

15.【2015·重庆】Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

A.didn’t write

B. hadn’t written

C. wouldn’t write

D. wouldn’t have written

16.【2015·重庆】You be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.

A.must

B. can

C. will

D. shall

17.【2015·浙江】It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.

A.couldn’t

B. shouldn’t

C. mustn’t D needn’t

have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly 18.【2015·天津】I

to me.

A.mightn’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. couldn’t

at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York 19.【2015·天津】I wish I

then.

A.will be

B. would be

C. have been

D. had been

20.【2015·四川】You be careful with the camera. It costs!

A .must B. may C. can D. will

21.【2015·陕西】21. You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.

A.should

B. need

C. shall

D. may

22.【2015·陕西】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.

A.dance

B. will dance

C. had danced

D. danced

23.【2015·福建】—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

—Oh, it's too bad. You have made full preparations.

A.must

B. can

C. would

D. should

24.【2015·江苏】It might have saved me some trouble the schedule.

A. did I know

B. have I known

C. do I know

D. had I known

25.【2015·安徽】It is lucky we booked a room, or we nowhere to stay now.

A. had

B. had had

C. would have

D. would have had

语法填空

（山西省长治二中等五校2017 届高三第四次联考）Here is a true story. A man came out of his home to admire his new truck. To his surprise, his three-year-old son was happily scraping(刮) the shiny paint of the truck

41 (use) a sharp knife. The man ran to his son and drove him away. 42 (scare), the boy ran away quickly. Unfortunately, the boy fell down and hurt his right hand 43 (serious) with the knife sticking into his fingers. The father rushed his son to the hospital immediately.

Although the doctor tried desperately 44 (save) the injured fingers, he finally had to cut them off. When the boy woke up from the 45 (operate), he innocently said, “Daddy,I’m sorry about your truck.”Then he asked, “But46 are my fingers going to grow back?” The father began crying sadly 47 his head down.

Think about this story the next time someone 48 (step) on your feet or you wish to take revenge(报仇). Think first before you lose your patience with someone you love. Trucks can 49 (repair), but broken bones and hurt feelings often can’t. Too often we fail to recognize 50 difference between the person and the performance. We forget that for giveness is greater than revenge.

精准预测题

短文改错

（广西省桂林市九校高三9 月联考）One evening I went out with my friends Wang Yi for a meal in a country pub. We left at 9:30 and I was offered to take Wang Yi home. We were driving along when, suddenly, a car drove past us out of control. The car crashed and before that it burst into flames. We ran to the burning car quickly. When we get there, we saw three people trapping inside. They were screaming and we knew we had to get them in. It was extreme hot as we opened the doors, and we saved them successfully. It's nice feeling to know they have helped to save those people.

参考答案

经典常规题

1.

【答案】C

【解题思路】A. must 必须；B. should 应该；C. can 能；D. need 需要。句意：Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很

轻松地够着书架顶上的书，此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，故选C。

2.

【答案】A

【解题思路】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故选A。

3.

【答案】B

【解题思路】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be 动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if 省略，同时把were/should/had 提前，即Were/Should/Had I…，故选B，句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。

4.

【答案】C

【解题思路】句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A. 不敢；B. 不应该；C. 不需要；D. 不许。根据句意，故选C。

5.

【答案】B

【解题思路】句意：--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？--有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。根据标志词otherwise，否则相当于一个条件状语从句：If I hadn't have her phone number，即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句，可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选B。

6.

【答案】A

【解题思路】考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不需要早起。A. needn’t 不需要；B. mustn’t 禁止；C. wouldn’t 不愿；D. shouldn’t 不应该。根据句意可知，周六周日不用早起，故选A。

7.

【答案】B

【解题思路】考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if 条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选B。8. 【答案】A

【解题思路】考查虚拟语气。本句属于错综条件句的虚拟语气。If 从句表示与过去事实相反，所以使用过去完成时，主句表示与现在事实相反，所以使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故选A。

9.

【答案】B

【解题思路】句意：这真是令人生气的；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。wouldn’t 不愿意；couldn’t 不能；sh ouldn’不应该；needn’t 不必。故选B。

10.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气，根据if 条件句用的had done，可知，主句用would have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I 和injure 是被动关系。故选D。

11.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005 年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气，if 条件句用的had done，而且省略it，将had 提前，主句用would have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。

12.

【答案】C

【解题思路】句意：乔治不可能走得太远了。他的咖啡仍然是温的。can't have done 是对过去的否定推测；must have done 过去一定做了某事；might have done 过去可能做了某事；needn’t have done 过去本不必做某事。故选C。

13.

【答案】C

【解题思路】句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may 可能，可以，也许；B. can 能，会；C. must 必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare 敢，胆敢。结合句意，故选C。

14.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去

的虚拟。所以从句是if+主语+had+done 的形式。故选D。

15.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience 没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D 项。16. 【答案】A

【解题思路】句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must 表示对现在的肯定推测。故选A。

17.

【答案】A

【解题思路】句意：太吵了，以致我们不能够听到我们再说什么。A 的意思是不能，B 的意思是不应该的，C 的意思是禁止，D 的意思是不需要。该题用到了一个so+形容词+that 的句式，做题时应该正确理解句意及这个句式的用法。正确理解这是表达不能还是表达其他的东西。must 只能用于肯定句，用于否定句表示禁止，这一点尤其要注意因为往往会出错。如果表示一种可能往往是can 的形式（过去时态用could）。故选A。

18.

【答案】C

【解题思路】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn’t have done 本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选C。

19.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish 引导的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用had+过去分词。故选D。

20.

【答案】A

【解题思路】考查情态动词。根据下文的it costs 可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择A，意为：你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。

21.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我有100%的把握你以后会感激它的。should 应该；need 需要；shall 将会；may（不确定）可能。所以选D。

22.

【答案】C

【解题思路】句意：Ellen 是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳的一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时。故选C。

23.

【答案】D

【解题思路】考查情态动词+have done 结构。A.must 必须B.can 可以；C.would 将会；D.should 应该。这里是情态+have done 的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过…… 吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对

过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。该对话意思为：--对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了--- 噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。故选D。

24.

【答案】D

【解题思路】句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved 可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if I had known 与主句保持一致。If 虚拟条件句中含有had 时，可将if 省去，同时将had 提前构成倒装结构。故选D。

25.

【答案】C

【解题思路】句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。or 引导含蓄虚拟条件句，o r后面是主句，相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have n owhere to stay now.，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用would+动词原形，故选C。

高频易错题

【答案】

41. using 42. Scared 43. seriously 44. to save 45. operation

46. when 47. with 48. steps 49. be repaired 50. the

【解题思路】

本文通过故事告诫我们不要伤害自己心爱的人。

41.句意：他的儿子高兴的用锋利的刀刮卡车上的涂料。空格处不是谓语动词，故使用非谓语形式，根据句意。这里用现在分词表示正在进行的主动动作。

42.这里用形容词作状语，表示“感到害怕的”。

43.修饰动词要用副词。

44.try to do sth.尽力做某事。这里表示“努力保住受伤的手指”。

45.介词后用名词作宾语，故填operation。

46.句意：但是什么时候我的手指才能再长回来？对时间提问用when。

47.with his head down，with 在此表示伴随。

48.根据语境，此处表示条件，用一般现在时。

49.此处表达卡车可以被修理好。用被动语态。

50.此处是表达“……与……之间的不同”，特指，故用定冠词。

精准预测题

【答案】

One evening I went out with my friends Wang Yi for a meal in a country pub. We left at 9:30 and I was offered to

friend

take Wang Yi home. We were driving along when, suddenly, a car drove past us out of control. The car crashed and before that it burst into flames. We ran to the burning car quickly. When we get there, we saw three people trapping after got trapped inside. They were screaming and we knew we had to get them in. It was extreme hot as we opened the doors, and we

out extremely but saved them successfully. It's nice feeling to know they have helped to save those people.

a we

【解题思路】

文章介绍了作者和朋友Wang Yi 路遇车祸事件帮助救人的故事，能帮助别人他们感到很欣慰。

1.friends →friend.考查名词。此处指朋友Wang Yi 是一个人，要用单数。故friends →friend。

2.去掉was. 考查语态。句中主语和动词offer 是主动关系不是被动关系，指我提议送他。故去掉was。

3.before →after.考查连词。此处指车撞后起火，起火发生在撞车后，不用before.故before →after。

4.get →got.考查时态。此处是叙述过去发生的事，与上下句时态一致也用一般过去时，故get →got。

5.trapping →trapped.考查过去分词。此处three people 和动词trap 是被动关系用过去分词，指三个人被困住，故trapping →trapped。

6.in →out.考查介词。此处指把他们弄出来，get sb. out“把…弄出来”，介词用out，故in →out。

7.extreme →extremely.考查副词。此处修饰形容词hot 用副词，指相当热，故extreme →extremely。

8.and →but.考查连词。句意：我们打开门时里面相当热，我们成功地救出了他们。前后句是并列关系，不是转折，故and →but。

9.nice 前加a.考查冠词。此处表示一种很好的感觉，用a 表示“一”，故nice 前加a。

10.t hey→we.考查代词。此处指我们帮助救了那些人，指我和朋友Wang Yi 用we 指代，故they→we。

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（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。

1. 基本读音 (1) 26个字母的读音 (2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音 (3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音 (4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音 (5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音 (6) 辅音字母组合的读音 (7) 辅音连缀的读音 (8) 成节音的读音 2. 重音 (1) 单词重音 (2) 句子重音 3. 读音的变化 (1) 连读 (2) 失去爆破 (3) 弱读 (4) 同化 4. 语调与节奏 (1) 意群与停顿 (2) 语调 (3) 节奏 5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用 6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧 7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异

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2018届高三常用词词性转换及派生 词义动词v. 名词n. 形容词adj. 反义词其他派生词使能够enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的abnormal normal 缺席absence absent 学术的academy academic 加速accelerate acceleration 接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptabl e 接进access access accessible 住宿accommoda te accommodation 积累accumulate accumulation 陪伴accompany company 精确的accuracy accurate inaccurate 达到，获得achieve achievement achievable 获得，习得acquire acquisition 表演，行动act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually 适应，改编adapt adaptation 增加，add addition additional

足够adequacy adequate 调整/使适 应 adjust adjustment 敬佩admire admiration admirable 承认admit admission 收养，采纳adopt adoption adopted 前进advance advance advanced 好处advantage disadvantag e 事故accident accidentally 使上瘾addict addition addicted /addictive addict 做广告advertise advertisement advertiser 影响,打动affect effect 机构agent agency 侵略，侵犯aggression aggressive aggressor 农业agriculture agricultural 同意agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分配allocate allocation 允许allow allowance allowable 使吃惊amaze amazement amazing/am azed

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情态动词与虚拟语气 常考考点一情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟

1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horrible dreams. A.Shouldn’t ’t ’t ’t 2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. ’t ’t ’t ’t , Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday. -----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. 、 ’t ’t

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