《高级英语(下)》课文要点

《高级英语（下）》课文要点

1. Lesson One The Company in Which I Work

1. What kind of life are the salesmen leading?

They live and work under extraordinary pressure. When things are bad, they are worse for the salesmen; when things are good, they are not much better. However, they react very well to the constant pressure and rigid supervision to which they are subjected. They love their work, work hard, and earn big salaries.

2. How does the narrator feel about his work now?

He is bored with his work very often now. He would pass the routine work to the others. He enjoys his work only when the assignments are large and urgent. He frequently feels that he is being taken advantage of, and does not want to spend the rest of his life working for the company. However, he finds there is no way out.

3. What do you think is the theme of this passage?

This passage is a dark satire on the capacity of the modern corporation world to destroy the human spirit, and on the sacrifice of human dignity because of the desire for personal fame and gain.

2. Lesson Two Eveline

1. What changes had taken place in her family?

In the past, "they seemed to have been rather happy."

Now, 1) Her mother was dead;

2) Her father became worse;

3) Ernest was dead; Harry not at home.

2. What made her decide to leave home?

1) Hard life

a. no respect at work and at home, though hardworking (a dutiful daughter and sister);

b. no protection: her father's violence;

c. money affair

2) Frank would give her life, perhaps love, too.(p17)

3) Her mother's life

"Frank would save her." "But she wanted to live."

3. Why was she in two minds on the question of leaving or not leaving?

A life of quiet desperation.

---She had never dreamed of leaving (p3)

---At least she had shelter and food and familiar people, and she did not find it a wholly undesirable life (p7)

--- She had to explore another life with Frank (p9). She had no confidence.

4. Why did she finally refuse to leave?

--- National character: Irish paralysis (paralysis: loss or lack of ability to move, act, think, etc.) as shown in the last par.

--- Individual character: her timidity (timid: fearful, lacking courage)

the image of boat: a strange monster

the symbol of sea: while offering escape and life, giving warning of death. These opposites reveal her dilemma.

3. Lesson Three What's Wrong with Our Press?

Outline

Part I Introduction

A. (Par. 1) Newspapers' two advantages over TV (sarcastic)

B. (Par.2-4) Survey: People no longer believe in our press.

C. (Par. 5) TV does better than the press in informing the public.

*How do you interpret newspapers' two advantages?

The author is sarcastic in talking about newspapers' "two great advantages". She makes us realize that something is wrong with the press: they have become a habit rather than a function.

Part II (Par. 6) What's wrong with our press: Partisanship (rabid bias; one-sidedness)

A. (Par. 7)TV presents more than one aspect of an issue.

B. (Par. 8) TV provides a wide range of opinion.

C. (Par. 9) TV does not feed the appetite for hate.

D. (Par. 10-11) TV provides background information.

*What's wrong with the American press according to the author?

* In what way does TV do a better job than the press in informing the public?

Part III Conclusion

A. (Par. 12) Good newspapers are hard to find.

B. (Par. 13-14) Newspapers have become a habit rather than a function. (resistance to change)

C. (Par. 15) The word should be treated with the respect it deserves.

* Apart from partisanship, what marks the end of newspapers' usefulness?

Newspapers' resistance to change marks the end of their usefulness. Without change they have become a habit rather than a function. They can not perform the vital service of informing the public.

*What is the author's purpose in writing the article?

The author points out the problems of the American local press in order to call for the press people to treat the word with the respect it deserves, and she also reveals her belief that no picture can ever be an adequate substitute of the word.

4. Lesson Four The Tragedy of Old Age in America

Outline

I. Attitude toward old age

A. (1) We have not examined old age.

B. (2-4) Popular attitude

C. (5) Correct attitude

II. Old age in America

A. (6) Root cause of the tragedy: society

B. (7-9) The basic daily requirements for survival: income and housing

C. (10) Employment

D. (11) Heath problems

E. (12) Other problems

F. (13) Old women

G. (14-15) Minorities

Questions:

1. What are the popular attitudes towards old age?

2. What are the interconnected elements that determine the quality of late life?

3. Why is old age a tragedy for many elderly Americans?

4. What are the major problems the elderly Americans confront?

5. What is the author's view of old age?

5. Lesson Seven Ace in the Hole

Ace has just been fired by his boss for damaging a car. He is worried that this might infuriate his wife Eey, and perhaps break up their already shaky marriage. On his way home, he stops by his mother's place to pick up the baby. His mother complains about Evey and hints he should divorce her. All this puts him in a confused and anxious mood. When Evey returns home, they have a squabble, and Evey blurts out a threat to divorce him. It is the baby's funny and clever act that comes to his rescue. Switching on the radio, Ace leads Evey into a dance and the music eases off the tension between them.

Ace's experience reflects the plight of the typical American lower-middle class of the 1950s. Life has lost its fresh appeal and drive to him. His social existence is more of a sacrifice than an enterprise. By marrying a Catholic girl, he entraps himself in entangled relationships of family dispute and religious discord. The marriage itself is precarious, and due to recurring crises, it plunges now and then to the brink of collapse. His past glory as a basketball star will not get him any nearer a solution. His only hope seems to lie in the possibility of having more children who might grow up to fulfil his broken dreams.

Questions:

1. What made Ace so restless during his drive home that day? What was he worried about in particular?

2. What do you think their married life was like?

3. Was Ace out of the hole at the end of the story? What makes you think so?

6. Lesson Eight Science Has Spoiled My Supper

Outline:

I. (par.1-2) American food is becoming tasteless

II. (par.15-17) Tastelessness leads to obesity

III. (par. 19-23) Americans are losing individuality

A. (3-8) Cheese

B. (9-14) Vegetables

C. (18) Deep-freezing

Questions:

1. Why does the author make a distinction between science and the so-called science at the very beginning of the essay?

The author wants to make clear to the readers that he himself is an honest lover of science and what he opposes here is the so-called science. This distinction is important for otherwise his essay would be weightless from the outset.

2. Why does the author suggest that the tastelessness leads to the national problem of obesity? According to the author, the need to satisfy the sense of taste may be innate and important. When food is tasteless, it may be the instinct of mankind to go on eating in the subconscious hope of

finally satisfying the frustrated taste buds. Since American food is becoming more and more tasteless, obesity, therefore, becomes such a national curse.

3. Apart from obesity, what are the other consequences of Americans as a nation eating standardized tasteless food?

Apart from obesity, the application of "science" to food production also causes people to abandon the quality as people and to become a faceless mob of mediocrities. Besides, American people are losing the great ideas of colorful liberty and dignified individualism.

7. Lesson Nine I'll Never Escape the Ghetto

His experience:

4 years at Whittier College: 1959-63

2 years at Oxford: Fall 1963-65

University of Vienna: Summer 1964

Returned home: August 1965

2 years at Yale Law School: Fall 1965-67

Returned home: Summer 1966

Wrote the article: 1967

Facts:

I returned home in Aug. 1965

I was home last summer

Harlem rioting: Summer 1964

Watts rioting: Fall 1965

Questions:

1. What made him decide to return home and make a career there when he left watts for Whittier College?

2. Why did he hide the fact that he was from Watts?

3. What did he realize when he was studying at Oxford? What made him realize that?

4. What was his reaction to the Harlem rioting?

5. How does he compare the wisdom of the street corner with his own schooling?

8. Lesson Eleven On Human Nature and Politics

Outline

I. (1-6) Four fundamental motives

A. Introduction (1)

*desire for food

*human desires: infinite

*other fundamental desires: four

B Acquisitiveness (2-3)

*origin: a combination of fear with the desire for necessaries

*mainspring of the capitalist system; infinite

C. Rivalry (4)

*stronger

*dangerous

D. Vanity (5)

*powerful

*a variety of forms

*growing with what it feeds on

E. Love of power (6)

*most powerful

*increasing by the experience of power

* apt to inflict pain: dangerous

*desirable side

II. (7-15) Love of excitement

A. A very important motive, though less fundamental (7-10)

B. Cause (11-12)

C. Necessity of securing innocent outlets (13-15)

*social reformers and moralists

*Many of its forms are destructive

*Civilized life is too tame

Questions:

1. What are the four fundamental motives? Explain.

2. What is the root cause of love of excitement as a motive?

3. Why is it so important to secure an innocent outlet in the modern society?

9. Lesson Twelve The Everlasting Witness

Outline:

Par.1-2: At breakfast; in her sister's house in Mexico

Par. 3-4: The night before; finding three cinemas (recent flashback)

Par. 5-12: In America; the newsreel (earlier flashback)

*What was the newsreel she chanced to see about?

*Why did she come to Mexico?

Par.13-end: In Mexico, going to the film alone

*What decision did she make on the way to the cinema?

*Why did she buy the flowers and then carry them in her heart?

Flowers: beauty, peace, hope, affection; mother's love (carnations)

in contrast with the cruelty of war

Flowers (a big wheel) to life/death: she is ready to accept either

*What is the everlasting witness? What is it a witness to? Explain?

Open.

Jerry's face on the screen (close-up): recorded in form of documentary; the image stamped in the mind of Marian and the audience, and the readers; Jerry is still alive.

A witness to the cruelty of war.

10. Lesson Thirteen Selected snobberies

The author's views concerning snobbery:

1. All men are snobs about something. (par. 1)

2. Snobberies ebb and flow. (par. 2)

3. Snobberies stimulate activity. (par. 6)

4. Each group of people have their own most highly esteemed snobbery. ("Each hierarchy culminates in its own particular Pope." (par. 7)

Chief snobberies discussed in the essay:

1. Disease

2. Booze

3. Modernity

4. Art

Questions:

1. What is the motive for disease-snobbery?

problematical diseases of the rich; romantic adolescents

2. How has modernity-snobbery become so popular in modern society?

of a strictly economic character; production is outrunning consumption; organized waste; most perishable articles by producers; advertising; newspapers; docile public.

3. What are the two kinds of art-snobs? In what way does the author think the unplatonic art-snobs contribute to society?

Platonic snobs are truly interested in art

Unplatonic snobs buy art because a collections of works of art is a collection of culture symbols, and culture-symbols still carry social prestige, and, moreover, it is also a collection of wealth symbols.

It compels the philistines to pay at least some slight tribute to the things of the mind and so helps to make the world less dangerously unsafe for ideas.

And even though they buy works of art because they are modernity-snobs at the same time, it has provided the living artists with the means of subsistence.

高级英语下lesson 12 课文翻译

Lesson 12: Why I Write我为什么写作 从很小的时候，大概五、六岁，我知道长大以后将成为一个作家。 From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. 从15到24岁的这段时间里，我试图打消这个念头，可总觉得这样做是在戕害我的天性，认为我迟早会坐下来伏案著书。 Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to adandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books. 三个孩子中，我是老二。老大和老三与我相隔五岁。8岁以前，我很少见到我爸爸。由于这个以及其他一些缘故，我的性格有些孤僻。我的举止言谈逐渐变得很不讨人喜欢，这使我在上学期间几乎没有什么朋友。 I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight- For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. 我像一般孤僻的孩子一样，喜欢凭空编造各种故事，和想像的人谈话。我觉得，从一开始，我的文学志向就与一种孤独寂寞、被人冷落的感觉联系在一起。我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。 I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. 我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。 I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure 还是一个小孩子的时候，我就总爱把自己想像成惊险传奇中的主人公，例如罗宾汉。但不久，我的故事不再是粗糙简单的自我欣赏了。它开始趋向描写我的行动和我所见所闻的人和事。. . As a very small child I used to imagine that I was, say, Robin Hood, and picture myself as the hero of thrilling adventures, but quite soon my "story" ceased to be narcissistic in a crude way and became more and more a mere description of what I was doing and the things I saw. 一连几分钟，我脑子里常会有类似这样的描述：“他推开门，走进屋，一缕黄昏的阳光，透过薄纱窗帘，斜照在桌上。桌上有一个火柴盒，半开着，在墨水瓶旁边，他右手插在兜里，朝窗户走去。街心处一只龟甲猫正在追逐着一片败叶。”等等，等等。 For minutes at a time this kind of thing would be running through my head: "He pushed the door open and entered the room. A yellow beam of sunlight, filtering through the muslin curtains, slanted on to the table, where a matchbox, half open, lay beside the inkpot. With his right hand in his pocket he moved across to the window. Down in the street a tortoiseshell cat was chasing a dead leaf," etc., etc. 我在差不多25岁真正从事文学创作之前，一直保持着这种描述习惯。虽然我必须搜寻，而且也的确在寻觅恰如其分的字眼。可这种描述似乎是不由自主的，是迫于一种外界的压力。

高级英语第二册部分课文整理

Pub Talk and the King's English(酒吧闲谈与标准英语) Henry Fairlie (亨利·费尔利) 1. Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 人类的一切活动中，闲谈是最具交际性的，也是人类特有的。而动物之间的信息交流，无论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交际的。 2. The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any id ea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conversa tion is the person who has ―something to say.‖ Conversation is not for making a point. Argument ey see the moment for one of their best anecdotes, but in a flash the conversation has moved on an d the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go. 闲谈的引人入胜之处就在于它没有一个事 插话的机会随之丧失，它们也就听之任之了。 even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. They are like the muskete ers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other‘s 虽然朝夕相处，却从来不过问彼此的私事，也不去打探别人内心的秘密。 4. It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and t here, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without any focus and with no need for o ne, that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. I do no t remember what made one of our companions say it – she clearly had not come into the bar to say it, it was not something that was pressing on her mind – but her remark fell quite naturally into th e talk. 有一天晚上的情形正是如此。当时人们正在漫无边际地东拉西扯，从最普通的家常琐事聊得有关木星的科学趣闻。完全没有一个特定的主题。可突然间中心话题奇迹般地出现了，大伙的话题都集中到了一处。我不记得其中一个伙伴的那句话是什么情况下说出来的–不过，显然她并没有特意地准备什么，那也算不上是什么非说不可的要紧话–那只不过是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。 5. ―Someone told me the other day that the phrasethe King‘s English,' was a term of criticism, that it means language which one should not properly use.‖ ―就在前几天，有人告诉我说?标准英语‘这个词是带贬义色彩的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。‖ 6. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. There were affirmations and protests and denia

高级英语(下)课文翻译

日志 [转]高级英语（下）课文翻译2012-2-23 23:12阅读(5)转载自月光#湖面 下一篇：梁山108将简介|返回日志列表•赞(2)赞(2)赞(2)赞(2) •转载(242) •分享(1) •评论 •复制地址 •更多 Module 1 The Film Maker 一段小说节选（选自《美好工作》） “这就是，”威尔科克斯说，”我们唯一的一台电脑数控机器。” “什么？” “电脑数码控制的机器。看看它换工具有多快？” 罗玢从一个有机玻璃窗里往里凝视，看着一些东西像突然抽了筋一样转来转去，进进出出，喷出一种看上去像牛奶咖啡似的液体给机器加油润滑。 “这是干什么？” “机制汽缸盖。很美，对吧？” “我倒不喜欢这样形容。” 在罗玢的眼里，这台机器运动突然，猛烈，但受控制地向前一冲，又往后一退，真有点儿刁钻古怪，甚至流里流气，活像某种钢铁爬虫在吞食猎物。 “总有一天，”威尔科克斯说，”将会出现摆满这种机器的无灯工厂。” “干吗是无灯的呢？” “机器不需要灯光，机器是瞎子。一旦你建起一座全电脑化的工厂，你就可以

拆除灯，关上门，由它去制造引擎或者吸尘器，或者任何东西，一切独自在黑暗里进行。一天二十四小时都在工作。” “这个主意叫人头皮发麻。” “在美国，在斯堪的纳维亚，人家早已有了。” “那经理呢？他也成了一台电脑，坐在黑暗的办公室里？” 威尔科克斯对这个问题认真考虑了一下。”不，电脑不会思想。总得有人来管理，起码有一个人，决定做什么，怎样做。不过这些工作”——他把头一扬，眼睛对着一排排工作台瞥了一圈——”不会再有了。这里的这台机器正在干去年十二个人干的工作。” “美好的新世界哟，”罗玢说，“那里只有经理们才有工作。” 这一回威尔科克斯没有忽略她的反讽。”我不喜欢把工人当做冗员裁掉，”他说，”可我们也处于两难的困境。如果不现代化，我们就失去竞争优势，只好裁减冗员，如果搞现代化，我们还得裁减冗员，因为我们不再需要。” “我们应当做的事情就是花更多的钱给人们做好创造性休闲的准备，”罗玢说。 “就像搞妇女研究？” “还有别的。” “男人喜欢工作。说来可笑，可他们就是喜欢。每个周一早上他们也许会发牢骚讲怪话，他们也许会鼓励缩短工时，增加假期，但他们需要工作以赢得自尊。” “那不过是个适应问题。人们会习惯没有工作的生活的。” “你会吗？我想你喜欢自己的工作吧？” “那是两码事。” “何以见得？”

高级英语 单词和课文翻译

Lesson1 : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场，集市 : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) : dim；indistinct模糊的；朦胧的 FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white>harmonious (adj．) : having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect；consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的／harmoniously adv． :a great number of people gathered together；crowd人群；群集 : that can be conceived，imagined 可想象的，想得到的 : a loud，continuous noise喧闹声，嘈杂声 : intended to be预期成为……的；将要成为……的 : (of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的 : having the form of a vault；arched穹窿形的；拱形的 : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) : suggestive of the grave or burial；dismal；gloomy坟墓般的；阴森森的 : any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会；协会 :a frame consising of a horizontal beam fastened to two pairs of spreading legs，used to support planks to form a table，platform，etc．支架；脚手台架；搁凳 : strike，hit，or dash；have an effect撞击，冲击，冲撞；对……具有影响 : the imaginary land where the fairies live；a lovely enchanting place仙境；奇境 : make or become shiny by rubbing；polish擦亮；磨光；抛光 : a metal pan，bowl，etc．，to hold burning coals or charcoal，as for warming a room or grilling food火盆；火钵 :make or grow unclear(使)变暗淡；(使)变模糊 :having rhythm有韵律的；有节奏的／rhythmically adv :(sing．&p1.)a device that produces a stream of air through a narrow tube when its sides are pressed together(used for blowing fires，etc．)(单复同)风箱 :complex；hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships；full of elaborate detail错综复杂的；精心制作的 :strange or different in a way that is striking or fascinating奇异的；异常迷人的 :involving great expense；costly lavish豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的 : :a confusing，intricate network of winding pathways 迷津；迷宫；曲径 :fill with holes like a honeycomb使成蜂窝状 :a Moslem temple or place of worship清真寺；伊斯兰教堂 :in the Orient．a kind of inn with a large central court，where caravans stop for the night东方商队(或旅行队)的客店 :feeling or expressing disdain；scornful and aloof；proud轻视的，轻蔑的；傲慢的／disdainfully adv． :a large bundle大包，大捆 :the seed of flax亚麻籽 :dark and gloomy or dull阴沉的；昏暗的 :a soft，moist，formless mass that sticks together浆

高级英语第三版-课文翻译

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