中考英语动词短语和近义词辨析讲解及训练(有答案)

中考动词短语和近义词辨析讲解及训练

1. break

2. call

3. cut

break down出毛病，拆开call up打电话cut down砍倒，削减

break into 闯入，破门而入call off取消cut up连根拔除，切碎break in 插嘴call on sb./at sw. 拜访cut off 切断

break out 爆炸call for 索取，要求cut in 插嘴

4. come

5. die

6. fall

come down下跌，落，die of死于（疾病...）fall behind落后

come in进来die from死于（外界原因）fall down掉下，跌倒come out出版，结果是7. go fall into 落入；陷入

come on 快点加油go wrong沿着......走fall off 从......掉下

come over走过来go over复习，检查fall asleep 睡着

come up with 提出主意想法go by时间过去8.hold

come back回来go on(with)继续进行hold on to…继续，坚持come from来自，源自go out外出，熄灭hold up举起，使停顿come true 实现go o ff发出响声hold on别挂电话，等，坚持

9. give 10.do 11. keep

give away赠送do one’s best to do 尽力做keep up with跟上

give out分发do well in 在某方面做的好keep（stay）away from 远离

give up放弃do one’s homework 做作业keep on继续，坚持下来give off 释放do some reading 读书keep off 禁食

12. hand 13.knock 14.pass

hand in交上，提交knock at/on敲pass by经过

hand out分发knock into撞到某人身上pass away 去世

15.talk 16. set 17. care

talk about 讨论...... set up建立care about 担心，关心；talk with/to..和......讨论set off/out 出发care for 照顾，喜欢

18. clean 19.learn 20. hear

clean up 把…打扫干净learn about认识到hear of / about 听说，得知clean out 清除；learn from 向......学习hear from 收到......的信

21. turn 22. take 23. think

turn on打开take after 与…相像think of想起，对…看法turn off关闭take off脱掉，起飞think up想出

turn up 调高take away拿走think about考虑

turn down 调低take out 拿出来think over 仔细考虑

turn to转向，求助take the place of 代替24. run

turn back转回去take up 开始从事run away逃跑

turn round转过身来take part in 参加run off跑掉

turn into 变成take place 发生run out of 用完

turn out结果是；证明是take care of 照顾run after 追逐

25. put 26.out break out 突然爆发

put up张贴，举起find out 找出；查明come out 出来，（书）出版put out伸出，扑灭go out 出去；熄灭get out of 从......出来

put off推迟look/watch out 当心；留神hang out 闲逛

put up with忍受look out of 向外看hand out 分发

put away放好，整理好pick out挑选出run out of 用完

put down记下，平息put out 扑灭set out 出发

put on穿戴，上映，turn out 证明是take out 拿出

put back放回work out 算出，解决出keep out 阻挡

27. off 28.up 29.away

get off下车dress up 穿上盛装,打扮far away（from）离….遥远的

put off推迟，拖延call up 号召，打电话get away 逃离

take off 脱下，起飞cheer up 使…高兴起来. give away赠送

go off发出响声，离开show up出席；露面go away走开，离去turn off 关闭stay up 熬夜put …away 把…放好cut off切断look up 查阅,查询run away逃跑

set off 出发make up 构成,编造pass away 去世,逝世break off突然中止，中断put up 挂起，举起，张贴take away拿走

keep off 远离pick up 捡起;开车去接... throw away扔掉

run off迅速离开，跑掉send up 发出，射出keep away from 远离

be off离开，走开set up 创立,建立, break away 强制逃脱

fall off落下，从....掉下shut up 住口30.dream

show off炫耀，卖弄hold up 举起，挂起dream of 梦想

see off 为...送行turn up 开大dream about 梦到

fall off 跌落take up 占用（时间）dream away 出神，遐想

31. get 32. make 33. look

get down下来，记下make friends 交朋友look up查找，向上看

get on进展，进步，上车make telephone call 打电话look through浏览

get off脱下,下车make a face 做鬼脸look at 看

get over克服，恢复make a noise 发出噪音look after 照顾

get along with进展，相处make mistakes 犯错look over 检查

get up起床make up one’s mind 下定决心look like 看起来像...... get into (trouble) 陷入困境中make room for 给......腾地方look down upon 看不起get back取回，收回make a decision 做决定look for寻找

get out of 从哪出来make up编造，打扮，组成look out当心向外看

get to 到达...... be made of（看得出）look around/round四下查看get married to 与某人结婚be made from(看不出)由…制成look forward to盼望

get together 聚集be made in 在…生产look back 回头看，回顾

34.say，speak，talk，tell

say强调说的具体内容eg.can you say the story in English?

speak指说话的能力，后经常跟语言的种类eg.Can you speak English?

tell告诉，讲诉tell sb about sth告诉某人有关有事tell sb(not )to do sth叫某人(不)做某事talk交谈，谈话talk with sb与某人交谈talk to sb给某人说talk about sth谈论某事

35.pay，spend，cost，take

sb pay+money+for sth某人为…付…钱(paid, paid)

sb spend+time/money+on sth(spent, spent)

sb spend+time/money+(in)doing sth

sth cost sb money主语是物(cost, cost)

It takes sb+time+to do sth主语是it (took, taken)

36.到达某地的几种表达法

get to+名词get+副词(不用to)

reach+名词/副词reach后不接宾语不能单独使用

e.g.Do you know when he will reach?(错误)

arrive in/at+大/小地点（后接副词，不用at/in）

e.g.get to Shanghai=reach Shanghai=arrive in Shanghai到达上海

e.g.reach home=get home=arrive home到家

37.look for/find/find out/search

look for寻找（着重指过程）

find寻找（着重指结果）

find out（经过查询，研究）找到结果，发现秘密

search sb搜身search sp for sb/sth为了搜查某人、物而搜寻某地

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5014708406.html,ed

used to do sth过去常常做某事

get / be used to doing sth习惯于做某事

get / be used to do sth被用来做某事

get / be used for doing sth被用来做某事

39.rise/raise

raise是及物动词，后面一定要加宾语。“使升高，举起，筹集，抚养，引起，激发，提出”

e.g.Why you raise the question at the meeting?

raise one's hand 举起raise your voice 提高raise some money筹集

raise traffic jams引起raise one’s interest 激起raise some questions提出raise a baby养育

rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语。“上升，升高，上涨”

e.g.The sun rises in the east.

40.join/join in/take part in/attend/enter for

"join"是"加入"的意思，表示参加某一团体、组织、机构,并作为其中一员

eg:Will you join us?/ joined the Labour Party/the Army

"join in"是"参加活动"的意思，eg:joined in the singing

"take part in"也是"参加"的意思,一般是参加活动，eg:take part in the singing group

"enter for"是"报名参加"的意思，eg:enter for the maths contest

"attend" 是"出席,参加"的意思，eg:attend a meeting 参加/ 出席会议attend a lecture

听报告

41.lie/lie/lay

lay（放）, lie（躺）与lie（说谎）：这三个易混动词构成见下表：

巩固提升：

I．Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)：

1.Everyone should ________ animals and be friendly to them.

A. care for

B. take care

C. set off

D. take off

2. Traffic jams in big cities ________ lots of questions about transport policy.

A. has risen

B. have risen

C. have raised

D. has raised

3. She left the meeting early because she had to ________ her son from school.

A. put up

B. pick up

C. take up

D. bring up

4. If you have any trouble spelling the words, you can ________the dictionary.

A. look for

B. look up

C. turn to

D. look at

5. Mary ________ every Saturday afternoon volunteering in an old people’s home.

A. takes

B. spends

C. costs

D. pays

6. When I was still a child, I ________ fishing in the river around my hometown.

A. took up

B. took off

C. took out

D. took away

7. It was a heavy burden(负担) for David to ________ the whole family after he lost a job of high salary.

A. reach

B. continue

C. raise

D. control

8. Because of the terrible weather, our school sports meeting has to be _________ till next week.

A. put out

B. put up

C. put off

D. put down

9. Our chemistry teacher often does chemical ________ in his classes.

A. expenses

B. exhibitions

C. excuses

D. experiments

10. The doctor ordered the patient to ________ all food for at least twenty-four hours.

A. take off

B. keep off

C. show off

D. give off

11. Tom likes to ________ his knowledge about dinosaurs in front of his classmates.

A. put off

B. turn off

C. keep off

D. show off

12. I was sorry that I couldn’t ________the last problem on the examination paper.

A. take out

B. work out

C. put out

D. give out

13. Suddenly all the lights in the hall ________ and no one knew what had happened.

A. went on

B. went out

C. put on

D. put out

14. We learn that computers cannot completely ________ of human beings to do all kinds of work.

A. take hold

B. take charge

C. take place

D. take the place

15. When the guests came in, he _________ to welcome them warmly and politely.

A. rose

B. raised

C. stood

D. sat

16. His idea ________ to be right though some people complained much about that at first

A. turned over

B. turned down

C. turned up

D. turned out

17. Peter will _______ the 8:15 train to Suzhou if he doesn’t hurry up.

A. take

B. catch

C. get

D. miss

18. People in English-speaking countries usually_______“take care” to their family or friends when they

leave.

A. say

B. speak

C. tell

D. talk

19. —Do you know Tsering Danzhou, a Tibetan ten-year-old boy in Yushu?

—Yes, He _______ the people his great help as a translator (翻译) after the earthquake.

A. provided

B. supported

C. offered

D. afforded

20. Ann _______ her son to school by car before going to work every morning.

A. brings

B. collects

C. carries

D. takes

21.Some questions_______at their class meeting last week.

A)raised B)rose C)were risen D)were raised

22.My grandmother_____wash clothes by hand but now she______doing it with the washing machine.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5014708406.html,ed https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5014708406.html,ed to

B. is used to...is used to

C. is used https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5014708406.html,ed to

D. used to...is used to

23. A lot of flights were ________ because of the smog(雾霾)last month.

A) put down B) put up C) put off D) put out

24.I think Robert’s voice ________ similar to your uncle’s on the phone.

A) hears B) sounds C) listens D) listens to

25.Many people had________Mo Yan before he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

A. taken care of

B. heard of

C. got rid of

D. consisted of

26.Trees can _________CO2. So we must protect them.

A) take part in B) take in C) take place D) take into

27. Paul’s parents were worried that he _________too much time chatting on line.

A) spent B) cost C) paid D) took

28. It is common in Britain for students to ________ new hobbies after the Christmas holidays.

A) take up B) take in C) take off D) take away

29. It is said Mr. Benson will be in charge of our club next month. The underlined part means________.

A) take place B) take charge of C) take one's advice D) take hold of

30.Young Jimmy __________ painting two weeks ago, but soon he lost interest in it.

A. took up

B. took off

C. took out

D. took away

31. Don't worry! I'm sure you'll ________ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.

A. catch up with

B. agree with

C. get on well with

D. keep in touch with

32. When you leave your classroom, remember to________the lights.

A .get off

B .turn off C. take off D. put off

33.I ________too late last night, so I am very tired now.

A. called up

B. set up

C. stayed up

D. showed up

34. Have you got a letter from your mother lately? The underlined part means“________” .

A. heard of

B. heard about

C. heard from

D. heard as

35. Believe it or not, the Australian captain's words _______to be true later.

A. turned over

B. turned on

C. turned out

D. turned off

36. You will be independent some day, so you should rely on yourself. The underlined part means ______.

A .care for B. deal with C. depend on D. look after

37. Please ________ the tigers. It's dangerous to take photos with them.

A. keep off

B. take off

C. get off

D. turn off

38.All computers consist of five units although they are of different kinds. The underlined part means

"______".

A .get rid of B. are made up of C .deal with D. are located in

39. The traditional medicine _______ to be effective in treating the old lady’s stomache-ache.

A. turned over

B. turned out

C. turned on

D. turned into

40. The explosion of Japanese nuclear power plant _______ after the earthquake.

A .took the place B. took place C. took out D. took up

41. The sports meeting had to be ________ because of the heavy rain.

A. put off

B. put on

C. put out

D. put up

42. The operation had to be delayed because of the patient's health condition. The underlined part means

.

A.take off

B.set off

C.put off

D.show off

43. Please________ the word in the English-Chinese dictionary if you don't know it.

A. look up

B. take up

C. put up

D. give up

44.Tony apologized to his friend for not replying to his E-mail immediately. The underlined part means

"________".

A. did harm to

B. said sorry to

C. complained about

D. heard from

45. Many Junior Three students ______their hobbies because of their busy school work.

A stay up B. take up C. give up D. put up

46.I’11________taking photo after I retire. I think it is a good hobby.

A. take away

B. take off

C. take out D .take up

47. The water in the river ___________ three feet last night because of the sudden flood.

A) raised B) rose C) grew D) added

48. Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ______ my baby at home.

A. take away

B. take off

C. take care of

D. take out of

49, Again and again the doctor________the crying baby girl, but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with her.

A. looked over

B. looked after

C. looked for

D. looked out

50. —So many problems! I’m tired.

—You should try to ____them by yourself. You are not a child any longer.

A. get into

B. get off

C. get on

D. get over

51.You are______to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesn't

get bored.

A. suggested

B. supported

C. taught

D. supposed

52. —Why do you collect so many old bikes?

—I'll have them ______and give away to the children who don't have bikes.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5014708406.html,ed up

B. given up

C. fixed up

D. set up

53.If Bob doesn’t ______ hope, he will surely succeed in finishing his project.

A)give in B) give up C) give out D) give off

54.Many social workers went to Ya’an to help clean water and food to local people to

reduce

their pain from the earthquake.

A. put out

B. come out

C. work out

D. give out

55. My home is far away from my school,so my mother always______me at school and drives home

everyday.

A.picks up

B. take up

C. put up

D.bring up

56.The boy is sleeping. Please _________the radio.

A. turn up

B. turn down

C. turn on

D.turn over

57. —What smells terrible?

—Sorry, I’ll _______ my shoes and wash them at once.

A. put away

B. take away

C. move away

D. get away

58. Here is the book. First _________ it and then tell me what you think of it.

A. look into

B. look through

C. look up

D. look after

59.—What kind of persons do you prefer to make friends with?

—I choose my friends on their characters and how we __________.

A. get in

B. get up

C. get on

D. get off

60. — Who's the most modest boy in your class?

— Daniel. He never ________ in public.

A. gets off

B. takes off

C. shows off

D. turns off

61.David Burt’s dream in China is to go into the west and _____an early childhood school there.

A. clean up

B. look up

C. give up

D. set up

62. — Mum, where are my socks?

— Under your bed. You should _________ your things.

A. put on

B. put down

C. put away

D.put up

Keys: 1-10 ACBBB ACCDB 11-20 DBBDA DDACD 21-30 DDCBB BAABB

31-40 CBCCC CABBB 41-50ACABC CACAD 51-60 DCBDA BBBCC 61-62 DC

拓展提升：

I．Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)：

1. I don't know Sam's telephone number. Will you please _______in your address book for me?.

A. look up it

B. look it up C look for it D. look at it

2. Don’t_______your coat, Tom.It’s easy to catch a cold in spring.

A. take away

B. take off

C. take down

D. take out

3. —Shall we call for a taxi?

—Ok. Let me ________ the phone number in Yellow Pages.

A. look at

B. look for

C. look up

D. look after

4. How magnificent the Bund looks at night when all the lights are _______!

A. turned over

B. turned off

C. turned down

D. turned on

5. Thousands of spectators came to Shanghai to _______ the 48th World Table Tennis Championships.

A. see

B. notice

C. watch

D. look

6. Millions of Shanghai citizens are learning to _______ English for the 2010 World Expo.

A. tell

B. speak

C. say

D. talk

7. To ________ his sick mother, David goes to the hospital after work every day.

A. take charge of

B. take hold of

C. take care of

D. take the place of

8. It _______several years to build Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the highest railway in the world.

A. spent

B. took

C. cost

D. paid

9. John _______his passport everywhere, but he still couldn’t find it.

A. looked like

B. looked up

C. looked for

D. looked at

10. My teachers have helped me a lot and I’m ________them.

A. worried about

B. surprised at

C. afraid of

D. thankful to

11. Our monitor has won the first prize in the competition. We’re very _______ him.

A. busy with

B. famous for

C. good at

D. proud of

12. The plane from Shanghai to Paris will ______ in an hour.

A. take up

B. take away

C. take out

D. t ake off

13. After a long journey, the eight pandas from Wolong safely _______in Beijing.

A. arrived

B. reached

C. got

D. came

14. The room is very dark. I can’t _______ anything clearly without a light.

A. watch

B. look

C. see

D. notice

15. Once a year, people take part in “________Lights” activity to help save energy.

A. Show off

B. Turn off

C. Take off

D. Put off

16. Your homework is well done. Just _______some small mistakes in it.

A. create

B. connect

C. correct

D. control

17. The customers are pleased with the _______ the the restaurant.

A. balance

B. experience

C. surface

D. service

18. The bus is coming. Be careful when you _______the bus.

A. get on

B. get off

C. get up

D. get to

19. Though I _______ the phone number many times, the foreigner still couldn’t write it down.

A. repeated

B. refused

C. researched

D. recognized

20. The lady _______ dancing as a hobby in her sixties, and she is really good at it now.

A. dressed up

B. looked up

C. took up

D. put up

Keys: 1. B 2. B 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.D 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.A 20.C

(完整版)中考英语常用动词短语(超全)

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