中考英语语法汇总专题复习

专题一名词

Ⅰ.名词的定义

名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普

名词。

专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名

公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。（见资料）

如：Yao Ming 姚明； China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。

Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数

名词和不可数名词。

1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：an apple; two apples 。

★注意： a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前；

an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。

如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/

2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。(1)物质名词。如： water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water 等。

(2)抽象名词。如： news; music; time(时间); information等。

(3)不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词连用。

(4)注意有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。

如：fish; time; glass; orange; room; noise; chicken等。但使用时一定要区分它们表达的不同意义。

Ⅲ. 名词的数

(1)元音或词尾发生变化

如：man→men; woman→women; Frenchman→Frenchmen; tooth→teeth; foot→feet; child→children

(2)单复数形式相同

如：sheep→sheep; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese; Japanese→Japanese; yuan→yuan

(3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词）

(4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。

(5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。

3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式）(1)表不定数量时，一般用much，(a)little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等词修饰。

(2)表确定数量时，一般用“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词。

如：a piece of paper, a piece of news, a bag of rice, two glasses of milk, four bottles of water

（1）

Ⅳ.名词的所有格：

1. 有生命的名词所有格

(1) 单数名词后加’s 。如：my brother’s book

(2) 不以s 结尾的复数名词后加’s 。如：the children’s football

(3) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加’ 。如：the boys’ game

(4) 以s 结尾的专有名词后直接加’ 。如：Dickens’ novels

(5) 某物为两个名词共有时，在第二个名词后加’s : 如：Tom and David’s room.

(6) 表示两个名词各自拥有的东西，在两个名词后都加’s: 如：Tom’s and David’s rooms.

2. 无生命的事物的名词所有格(of所有格)

(1)of＋名词。如：a photo of my family, the door of the classroom

注意：“of＋名词’s/名词性物主代词” 构成双重所有格如：a friend of mine, a friend of Jim’s。

(2) 表示时间或距离，国家，城市的方法。也可用’s来构成所有格

▲如：ten minutes’ drive十分钟车程；a month’s holiday一个月的假期。China’s capital

(3)表称呼、职业等名词的所有格可以表示人的住所或工作场所。所有格后面的名词一般被省去。

如：at his brother’s; at the doctor’s; at the barker’s; at Mr Read’s (4)用所有格表示节日的方法：如：Teachers’ Day; Children’s Day

.（除了父亲节和母亲节其他节日我们都用名词复数的所有格表示。）

如：Mother’s Day; Father’s Day.

▲（5）.由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。This is

_________________(somebody else ) pencil .

四、名词作句子成分：

★1.名词作主语

1).表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Two hours _______(be) enough for us to get there .

2).量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致。

A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed . Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk .

3).名词+介词（with、except 、along with ….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。

The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill .

4).短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则。

Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman .

★2.名词作定语

1).名词作定语时，一般用单数形式。变复数时，名词中的中心词变为复数形式。

如：a banana tree→banana trees; a shoe factory→shoe factories There is a shoe factory near the school .

2).名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式。(sport )

The sports meeting will be held next week .

3).man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变。

one man teacher two women teachers

（2）

词类一名词

( ) 1.（2009·广州）—You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon? —I did _______ Christmas shopping.

A. a lot of

B. a few of

C. a number of

D. a piece of

( ) 2.（2009·武汉）—Why do you get up so early in the morning, Tracy

—I generally make it a _______ to be up by 7 to read English.

A. plan

B. wish

C. secret

D. rule

( ) 3.（2009·武汉）—Do the dishes, Mike, or I will tell mum!

—Mind your own _______ ,Sue!

A. action

B. duty

C. business

D. Way

( ) 4.（2009·广州）The letter from my uncle was short. There wasn't_______ news.

A. many

B. a few

C. much

D. few

( ) 5.（2009·威海）--Why didn’t you take a taxi back last night?

--Because I didn’t have any_________with me.

A. food

B. bicycle

C. friend

D. money

( ) 6.（2009·成都）John always says that he likes apples of all the ______ .

A. vegetables

B. fruits

C. drinks

( ) 7.（2009·江西）---You look worried. What’s your ___ ?

---I have trouble learning English.

A. name

B. question

C. problem

D. job

( ) 8.（2009·南京）--Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?

--I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi.

A. choice

B. decision

C. reason

D. information

( ) 9.（2009·河南）I like _______ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways. A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D. noodles

( ) 10.（2009·宜昌）--In?my?opinion, China?has more ______to?deal with?the?disease ofA/H1N1.

--I quite?agree?with?you. Chinese medicine works well.

A. advantages?

B. interests

C. equipments?

D. materials

( ) 11.（2009·娄底）—It’s sa id that you have moved into a new house.

—Yeah，and we need to buy some_______ in the mall nearby.

A. food

B. furniture

C. hamburger

( )12.（2009·孝感）All the _______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.

A. man? ?

B. men? ?

C. woman?

D. women

( ) 13.（2009·湖北孝感）

Emma, who are you taking _________ of at home?

— My grandma, she got hurt in an accident.

A. place? ? ?

B. part? ?

C. seat? ? ?

D. care

( ) 14.（2009·山西）--How can I see thick snow in most northern parts of China?

--You have to wait till ______ comes, Steve.

A. summer

B. autumn

C. winter

( ) 15.（2009·山西）Let’s get some ______ about tourism on the Internet.

A. information

B. message

C. invention

( ) 16.（2009·无锡）_____ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _____ teachers.

A. A number of ; women

B. A number of ; woman

C. The number of ; women

D. The number of ; woman

( ) 17.（2009·绥德）Mike and his friend are going to the _______ to see the new action movie tonight.

?A. book shop ? ? B. restaurant ? ?

C. concert ? ? ? ?

D. cinema

(3)

( ) 18.(2009.安徽)--Shall we go shopping now?

---Sorry. It’s not the right ________. I’m too tired.

A. way

B. weather

C. place

D. moment

( ) 19.（2009.安徽）--I’m afraid I can’t get there before 9 o’clock.

--That’s OK. There’s _______ .

A. no way

B. no wonder

C. no doubt

D. no hurry

( ) 20.（2009.漳州）--What makes you so upset?

--I wanted to explain why I was late, but Mr. White didn’t give me a(n) _____.

A. way

B. chance

C. idea ?

D. excuse

( ) 21.（2009·通化）We need to come up with a/an ______ and make a decision at once. A. information B. advice C. idea D. news

( ) 22.（2009·德州）Look at the flowers! They are in different _______: red, yellow, pink…

A. colors

B. sizes

C. prices

D. names

( ) 23.（2009·恩施）–I’d like ______ grapes and pears.

–Oh, I only need ______ orange juice.

A. some; a few

B. a few; some

C. a little; few

D. a little; a few

( )2 4.（2009·阜康）—What would you like to drink?

—________, please.

A. Rice

B. Meat

C. Water

D. Bread

( ) 25.（2009·朝阳）--You look very young, Mrs. Green. Could you tell me how old you are? ---Oh, sorry. It’s a(n) _______ .

A. problem

B. instruction

C. secret

D. business

( ) 26.（2009·安顺）We should not eat ______ meat.

A. too many

B. much too

C. too much

D. many too

( ) 27.（2009·安顺）I don’t understand the story though there are _______ new words in it.

A. few

B. little

C. a few

D. a little

( ) 28.（2009·安顺）This is not my dictionary. It’s ______ . She lent it to me this morning. A. my sister B. my sisters

C. my sister’s

D. my sisters

( ) 29.（2009·安顺）A school in Anshun held an activity called “Recomme nd(推荐) Books to Your Teachers”. The students made a ______ of 1,0000 books!

A. note

B. line

C. menu

D. list

( ) 30.（2009·莆田）--I feel thirsty. I want something to drink. What about you?

--OK. Let’s go and buy some ________ .

A. orange

B. bread

C. chocolate

( ) 31.（2009·莆田）Hurry up. There is _____ time left.

A. a little

B. little

C. few

32.(2010·内江)—Well,you look so happy!

--Because I've got a good ________.

A.work

B. news

C.job

D. ideas

( ) 33. (2010·上海)You can get much_____about the World Expo on the Internet.

A.map

B.picture

C.ticket

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b19481879.html,rmation

( ) 34. (2010·上海)The customers are pleased with the________of the restaurant.

A.balance

B.experience

C.surface

D.service

( ) 35. (2010·晋江)–Lily has a silk ______. Listen, she is singing in the next room!

-- How nice!.

A. look

B. noise

C. voice

( ) 36.（2010·通化）We need to come up with a/an____and make a decision at once.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b19481879.html,rmation

B.advice

C.idea

D.news

( ) 37.(2010·湖州)--Would you like some ___?

--No,thank you.I’m not hungry at all.

A.water

B.books

C.clothes

D.bread

(4)

( )38.（2010·荆州)—When will the 2010 World Expo(世博会) come to a close?

—It’ll close at the end of ________.

A. September

B. October

C. November

D. December

( )39.（2010·武汉）–Why are you still waiting in line?

--I’ve missed my _______ .

A. place

B. order

C. turn

D. time

( )40.(2010·河南)It was very hard for me to make a_______but J decided to leave my job.

A suggestion

B decision

C plan

D speech

( )41.（2010·黄冈）—Good news. We will have a _____holiday.

--I’ve heard of it.But it’s coming in____.

A.three days ; three days’ time

B.three days’;three days’

C.three-day; three days

D.three days; three-day time

( )42.（2010·聊城）—Why not go to Qingdao on May Day,Jim?

--I’m afraid it’s not a good ________.I have been there several times.

A.way

B.place

C.advice

D.idea

( )43.（2010·阜康）( )Mr Black gave us ______on how to learn English well.

A.an advice

B.many advices

C.some advice

D.some advices

( )44.（2010·黄石）—With whom did you watch 2010 World Cup Opening Ceremony ?

—_________.

A. A friend of mine

B. A friend of me

C. A friend of my sister

D. A friend of you

( )45.（2010·荆门）Oh, my god! The kids are making too much_____ here. I can’t do anything.

A. sound

B. V oice

C. Noise

D. footstep

( )46.（2010·襄樊）—What’s your job , Henry?

—I’m a ________ ,I work late . I’m very busy when people go out to dimters .

A. waiter

B. reporter

C. teacher

D. nurse

( )47.(2010·鸡西)－How many ______can you see in the picture?

－Only one.

A. Dog

B. sheep

C. child

D. tree

( )48.（2010·定西)—What’s your?

—I like swimming.

A. job

B. age

C.hobby

D. number

( )49.(2010·定西)—What would you like，sir?

—.

A. Two pop

B. Two bottles pop

C. Two bottles of pop

D. Two bottle of pop

( )50.（2010·莱芜）I have a_____ for breakfast everyday.

A. hot dog

B. Cookie

C. Dumpling

D. hamburger

( )51.(2010·哈尔滨)A low-carbon(低碳) lifestyle has ______ effect on our daily life. People are paying more and more attention to saving ______ these days.

A. the, energies

B. a, energy

C. an, energy

( )52. (2010三明)—What a fine day! Shall we go hiking, Bob?

--I’d love to.But is’s not the right ________.I am busy now.

A.place

B.moment

C.weather

( )53.（2010·天津）If you work hard,you’ll get good ________.

A.grades

B.notes

C.lessons

D.answers

( )54.（2010·泰安）—Lucy, do you like _____?

-Yes.Most of my clothes are ______.

A.an orange an orange

B.orange ,orange

C.oranges ,oranges

D.orange,an orange ( )55.（2010·青海&宁夏)Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second_______ because he has been here for over twenty years.

A. family

B. house

C. room

D. home

( )56.（2010·沈阳）I'm not sure about the meaning of the word. You'd better look it up in a ____.

A.letter

B. dictionary

C. postcard

D. Notice

(5)

( )57.（2010·连云港）--What’s the news about ?

--_______ entertainment stars gathered to attact donations for Yushu.

A. A member of

B. A kind of

C.A packet of

D.A number of

( )58.（2010·巴中）What a pity! Liu Xiang didn’t win the_____hurdles（跨栏）.

A.110-meter

B.110-meters

C.110 meter

D.110 meters

( )59.(2010·四川) When I was a student, I liked to sit in the front of the classroom

so that I could see the words more clearly on the _______.

A. blackboard

B. desk

C. dictionary

D. postcard

( )60.（2010·东阳) I saw many ______ eating grass on the hill.

A. horse

B. cow

C. rabbit

D. sheep

( )61.（2010·浙江）—The land in the southwest of China is in great need of .

—Yes ,it hasn’t rained for a long time there.

A. milk

B.tea C coffee D. water

( )62.（2010·台湾）The pants I bought last year are too small now. I think I need a new .

A. belt

B. pair

C. shirt

D. space

( )63.（2010·台湾）Mike: I always forget what I want to buy when I go to the market. Oscar: Well, you can make a of things you want to buy.

A. habit

B. list

C. pack

D. wish

( )64.（2010·巴中）— What is the____of the 2010 World Expo（世博会）?

—It is “Better City, Better Life”.

A. song

B. theme

C. custom

( )65.（2010·眉山）—Would you like some drinks, boys?

—Yes, ____ , please

A. some oranges

B. two boxes of chocolate

C. some cakes

D. two boxes of cola 【答案】D

( )66.（2010·滨州）—Can I help you?

—I’d like ______ for my twin daughters.

A. two pair of shoes

B. two pairs of shoe

C. two pair of shoe

D. two pairs of shoes

1---5 ADCCD 5---10 BCAAA 11---15 BDDCA 16---20 CDDDB

21—22 CABCC 26--30 CACDA 31---35 BCDDC 36---40 CDBCB

41—45 CDCAC 46—50 ABCCD 51---55CBABD 56---60 BDAAD

61----66 DBBBDD

(6)

专题二冠词

Ⅰ.冠词的定义冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词（a和an）和定冠词(the)两类。

Ⅱ.冠词的用法

1．不定冠词a, an的用法

(1)泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.

(2)不定冠词a 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；a useful book; a desk;不定冠词an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如：an old man; an actor; an “m”。

(3)第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There is a book on the desk, but the book isn’t mine.

(4)表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.

(5)用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当every 如：three times a week.

(6) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.

(7)用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.

(8)可视为一个整体的两个名词前eg: a knife and fork 一副刀叉

(9)用在某些固定词组中：如：have a good time; have a swim ,have a cold , half an hour ,a lot(of), after a while , in a hurry , for a long time, a few ,a little ,at a time ,

2．定冠词the的用法

(1)用来特指某人或某物，双方都知道的人或物的名词前如：Open the door, please.

(2)用于上文提到的某人或某物。There is a kite on the wall. The kite is new.

(3)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前如：the sun; the moon; the earth; the Sky

(4)用在序数词或形容词最高级前，如：March is the third month of a year. He is the cleverest boy in his class.

(5)用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the old等。

(6)用在西洋乐器名词前。如：play the violin

(7)用在表示方位的名词前。如：in the east/north/west/south

(8)用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词

或用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等

(9)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。eg：The Greens are watchingTV Now

(10)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ the...the... ”的句式中，表示“越……越……”。如：The more, the better.

(11)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在户外，在野外

3．零冠词的用法

(1)棋类活动,球类运动,一日三餐，学科名词前不用任何冠词play chess play football have supper We all like English.

特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词：I can see a football （1）

我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football那只足球在哪儿(指足球，并非“球类运动”)

(2)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。

如：I don’t feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.

(3)在节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前，用零冠词.

如：Teachers’ Day; Mother’s Day; on Monday; in May; in summer

▲但若指某年的某月份或某年的某季节，需在月份或季节前加the, eg：The winter in 2008 was very cold.

(4)名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词my book(正)；my the book(误)

(5)有些专有名词, 如人名,地名,国家名，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。如：China; Japanese; milk; love等。Jim lives in China.

(6)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前用零冠词We can’t live without water./ Horses are good animals.

(7)用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的街名，路名，山名等名词前Hainan Island / Nanjing Road

(8) by与火车等交通工具连用，用零冠词

eg：by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意：take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat

(9)在某些固定搭配里,名词之前常不用冠词. QQ

如on foot; at home; at night; from morning till night, on time, in time, at first, at last等。

(10)用与不用冠词的差异

①in hospital住院/ in the hospital在医院里②in front of在…(外部的)前面/ in the front of在…(内部的)前面

③at table进餐/ at the table在桌子旁④by sea乘船/ by the sea在

海边

⑤go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…) /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去

⑥two of us我们当中的两人/ the two of us我们两人(共计两人)

⑦a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)

【中考演练】?一.?.单项填空?

?1.This?morning?I?had--egg?and?a?bottle?of?milk?for?my?breakfast.????

?A.?an??B.?a??C.?the??D./?

?2.?---What’s?the?matter?with?you??

?????---I?caught?________?bad?cold?and?had?to?stay?in?________.?????

A.?a;/??

B.?a;?the??

C.?a;?a??

D.?the;?the?

?3.?---Have?you?seen?_______?pen??I?left?it?here?this?morning.??????---Is?it?________?black?one??I?think?I?saw?it?somewhere.?????

A.?a;?the??

B.?the;?the??

C.?the;?a??

D.?a;?a???

4.?_______?sun?is?shining?brightly.?????

A.?A??

B.?An??

C.?The??

D.?/?

5.?There?is?_______?“h”?in?the?word?hour.?????

A.?a??

B.?the??

C.?an??

D./?

6.?Did?you?enjoy?your?stay?in?Xian?

Yes.?I?had?_______?wonderful?time.?????

A.?a??

B.?an??

C.?the??

D.?/?

7.?______?sun?is?bigger?than?_______?earth.?????

A.?A;?the??

B.?A;?an??

C.?The;?an??

D.?The;?the?

（2）

8.?There?is?_______?apple?and?some?pears?on?the?table.?????

A.?the??

B./??

C.?a??

D.?an?

9.?David?has?_______?cat.?It’s?very?nice.?????

A.?a??

B.?an??

C.?the??

D./?

10.?I’m?reading?_______?novel.?It?is?_______?interesting?story.?????

A.?a;?an??

B.?a;?a??

C.?the;?the??

D.?/;?an?

11It?is?said?that?SARS?has?killed?more?than?________?people?world wide.?????

A.three?hun dreds??

B.three?hundreds’

C.three?hundred’s?Dthree?hundred

12.?---How?many?workers?are?there?in?your?factory???????---There?are? two?__________.?

?A.?hundreds??B.?hundred??C.?hundred?of??D.?hundreds?of??

13.?---Which?is?the?smallest?number?of?the?four???---_______________. ?A.?Two-thirds??B.?A?half??C.?A?quarter??D.?Three-fourths???

14. What?do?you?think?of?a?war,?Li?Ming??

??I’ve?no?idea.?But?it’s?a?fact?that?_______?people?had?to?leave?th eir?hometown?during?the?War?on?Iraq.?

??A.?three?thousands??B.thousand?of?

C.?thousands?of???

D.?several?thousands?

15.?We?all?think?that?the?_______?century?will?bring?us?more?hopes.?? ??A.?twenty-first??B.?twentieth-first??C.twenty-one???D.twentieth-one 16.?---Can?you?write?the?number?eighty-five?thousand,?six?hundred?and ?twenty-six???????---Yes,?it?is?__________.?

??A.?856620??B.?85626??C.?58662??D.?58626?

17.?When?was?the?PRC?founded??It?was?founded?on?_________.?????

A.?July?1,?1921?

B.?October?1,?1949?

C.?August?1,?1927??

D.?May?1,?192218.I?was?8?years?old?when?my?father?

was?31.?This?year?my?father?is?tw ice?my?age.?How?old?am?I??

?A.?21??B.?22??C.?23??D.?24?

19.?_______?Chinese?are?looking?for?ways?to?learn?English?well?before ?Beijing?2008?Olympics.?????

A.?Thousand??

B.?Thousands??

C.?Thousand?of?

D.?Thousands?of???

20.?Both?of?the?two?rulers?are?broken.?I?want?to?buy?a?_______one.??? ??A.?three??B.?third??C.?forth??D.?/?

1.A?

2.A ?

3.D?

4.C?

5.C

6.A?

7.D?

8.D ?

9.A? 10.A 11.D? 12.B ?13.C?

14.C? 15.A ?16.B? 17.B? 18.C? 19.D? 20.B?

（3）

专题三：代词

He teaches _____(we) Chinese . / I’m waiting for you.(介词的宾语) / It’s me.(宾格做表语)

2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为:

单数:（二,三,一）——（You, she and I ）复数:（一,二,三）——(we , you and they ) 注：:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)

eg：She and I have been to Beijing .（一般情况）Who broke the window ? I and Mike .（承

担责任）

注：it 还有一些特别的用法。

1) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起来像。….”

2）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样”. QQ

3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth”

4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候”5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中.

6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式.

主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . I find it difficult to remember these wors.

eg: My name is Tom.( 物主代词)

2、名词性物主代词，后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用

He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友) eg：Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . /

This is a friend of ______(my).

注: 1) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends)

2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house

of my own

反身代词的常用搭配:

enjoy oneself过得愉快hurt oneself受伤teach oneself = learn..by oneslf自学

help oneself to …随便吃/用look after oneself leave sb by oneself 让某人独自留下

dress oneself某人自己穿衣服improve oneself提高某人自己

四.指示代词

1、指示代词的用法： (1)this /these ①指较近的事和人: This is my pen. / These

are my books. ②指下文提到的事eg ：Please remember this:No pains,no gains.

(2) that /thos e ①指较远的事和人: That is her sister. / Those are her sisters. ②指上面刚提到的事情eg ：He was ill.That ’s why he didn ’t go to school.

2. 注意 that / those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That 代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai . The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those （1）

3.在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. eg ：This is Tom speaking . 我是汤姆 Who is that ?你是谁 五、疑问代词：(P93考点五)用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词，通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。

如：who 作主语，表语，宾语但不能放介词后Who wants to go with me?

whom who 的宾格形式，作宾语To whom are you talking? whose who 的所有格形式，作定语Whose wallet is this? 这是谁的钱包 what 可询问职业What ’s your father? He is a teacher. who 可询问身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim. what 指不定数目中的那一个。“什么，哪一些，”无范围What would you like? which “ 哪一个”指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪辆自行车是你的

六.不定代词的区别.

1.one 与it 的区别: One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it 代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?

2.some 与any 的区别①一般情况下,some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定,疑问句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn ’t have any . ②但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some 。此类句型常以could, would 开头或what about /how about 的句中。 May I have some water ?( 希望得到肯定的回答)

3.many 与much 的区别 Many+可数名词的复数 ；Much+不可数名词，都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词 注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .

4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别 例题：His story is easy to read ，there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left .

5.each / every 的区别 ★each 强调个体，表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个. every 强调整体，表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.

There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . / ____ student has read a story . ★:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.

而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _______(study )hard .

6. no one 与none 的区别 no one 指人，表示没有人, 不能与of 连用， 谓语常用单数。 none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，既指人又可指物，谓语常用单数。. The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . . 更多资料QQ

7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别

注意:

1). both 的否定词是neither , all 的否定词是none. 2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数； neither of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers.

3).词组 A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组: not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor … Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV . B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither …nor … 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.

（2） Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right . One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park. C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也” He doesn ’t like the book,either. 4) how many /how much 的回答:用none 回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. ； What 的回答: 用nothing 回答. How many students are there in the classroom ? __________. Who can answer the question ? _______. A. None B.No one C.Nothing 8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别 注释: 1) one …the other …表示两者之间的一个…另一个…… 2) some … others … 表示一些…… 另一些…… 3) another 表示三者及三者以上的不确定数目中的另一

个.

★ another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词

表示 “ 另外几个……”another ten teachers=ten more teachers

I have two brothers , one is a teacher , ______ is a worker . Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window 9.复合不定代词. 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 2.形容词或else 修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else 须放在复合不定代词后。： I want to give you something different to eat.. / something else （其它的东西） 3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后. Would you like something to eat? 4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中

, 1)指人的不定代词, everybody,nobody,anyone, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they . Everybody is here,aren ’t they? 2)指物的不定代词, everything ,something,nothing 等 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it . Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? 5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人” 6、 Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best . 初中英语语法专项习题5-代

词

1

( ) 1 Though it rained heavily, ____ were still playing on the playground.

A. they

B. them

C. their

D. themselves

( ) 2 Tom and ____ will go to see our teacher, for ___ is ill.

A. I; she.

B. me; she

C. I; her

D. me; her

( ) 3 Is___a boy or girl?

A. she

B. he

C. one

D. it

( ) 4 Only____know it.

A. I and he

B. he and you

C. he and I

D. I and you

（1）

2

( ) 1 I saw___ playing in the street at that time.

A. them

B. they

C. their

D. theirs

2 Jim will give____ a short talk tomorrow.

A. we

B. us

C. our

D. ours

( ) 3 Please ask____ not to skate on the thin ice.

A. they

B. them

C. their

D. theirs

( ) 4 The pen is hers. Pass it to____, please.

A. her

B. she

C. hers

D. herself

( ) 5 Let me go and give the coat to____.

A. he

B. his

C. himself

D. him

( ) 6 They asked___ to do the work.

A. you, he and I

B. you, him and me

C. I, you and he

D. me, you and him

3

( ) 1 Who's that at the door? ____ is the postman.

A. She

B. This

C. It

D. He

( ) 2 -Who's that in the picture?

A. It's me

B. That's I

C. This is a boy

D. It's I

( ) 3 -Look, who is coming?

-___ must be our English teacher.

A. She

B. He

C. It

D. This

( ) 4 Someone is knocking at the door, but who can____ be?

A. one

B. he

C. she

D. it

4

( ) 1 ___ was late summer and the weather was very hot.

A. That

B. It

C. This

D. It's

( ) 2 What time is ____ now?

A it B. all C. this D: that

( ) 3 ___ a heavy rain last night.

A. There had

B. We had

C. It was

D. There is

( ) 4 ___ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car.

A. There

B. It

C. This

D. The place

5

( ) 1 The bird built___ nest in the tree.

A. it's

B. her's

C. hers

D. its

( ) 2 Have you seen___pen, a black one?

A. these

B. my

C. you

D. hers

3 Sorry I have forgot ____ telephone number.

A. yours

B. him

C. you

D. his

6

( ) I The bear was shot in___ head. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this

( ) 2 The old man took the girl by ____ hand and they went down the street.

A. her

B. a

C. the

D. that

（2）

( ) 3 He apologized to me for hitting me___ face.

A. on the

B. at the

C. in the

D. in my

7

( ) T Our room is big, but____ is bigger than____.

A. their; our

B. their; ours

C. theirs; ours

D. theirs; our

( ) 2 They aren't our books. Are they____?

A. your

B. his

C. her

D. their

( ) 3 Our room is bigger than ___.

A. you

B. your

C. yours

D. her

( ) 4 You have a good room, I should say. But it's not as big as___.

A. I

B. my

C. me

D. mine

8

( ) 1 ____ is the best season of the year?

A. When

B. What

C. Which

D. What time

( ) 2 o-____ is your sister?

-She is a nurse.

A. What

B. Which

C. How

D. Who

( ) 3 -___ colour are your new shoes?

-They are brown.

A. Any

B. Whose

C. Which

D. What

( ) 4 -___ is your classmate John like?

-He's very tall.

A. How

B. What

C. Who

D. Which

9

( )?1 ____ has happened and ____ did it?

A. Who; who

B. What; who

C. What; what

D. Who; what

( ) 2 Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in.

A. in

B. has

C. have

D. are

10

( ) 1 -_____ is that man over there?

-He's Mr Green.

A. What

B. Which

C. How

D. Who

( ) 2 -___ is the boy standing there?

-He is my brother.

A. Which

B. What

C. How

D. Who

( ) 3 Who ___ the little American boy over there?

A. were

B. are

C. is

D.1 am

( )4 Who___these tall men?

A. is

B. am

C. are

D. was

11

( ) 1 ____ one do you like, the blue one or the red one?

A. What

B. Which

C. That

D. This

（3）

( ) 2 -___ is bigger?

-The yellow one.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. It

( ) 3 ___ of you would like to go with us?

A. Who

B. Which

C. All

D. Both

12

( ) 1 -_____ bag is this?

-It's Jack's, A. What B. Which C. Whose D. Who's

( ) 2 -___ pencils are these?

-They are theirs.

A. Which

B. Whose

C. /

D. These

( ) 3 ___ house is being repaired?

A. hat

B. Where

C. Who

D. Whose

13

( ) 1 Please find out ____ he is looking after at home.

A. who

B. which

C. whom

D. when

( ) 2 ____ do you think you should help?

A. Whose

B. Which

C. What

D. Whom

( ) 3 He told me ___ he was sent for.

A. whom

B. that

C. both

D. where

14

( ) 1 We ____ at the party last Sunday.

A. enjoyed myself

B. enjoyed ourselves

C. enjoy myself

D. enjoyed ourself

( ) 2 "Make____at home." he said to his friends.

A. yourself

B. yourselves

C. you

D. yours

( ) 3 Let Tony do it by____. He is no longer a kid

A. him

B. his

C. himself

D. he

( ) 4 You are twelve now. ___ must look after___.

A. You; yourself

B. Your; yourself

C. You; your

D. You're; yourself

5 She and her mother enjoyed ___ at the party.

A. her

B. them

C. herself

D. themselves

15

( ) 1 He and she are exactly as tall as____.

A. themselves

B. them

C. their

D. each other

( ) 2 People usually put small presents in ____ stocking on Christmas Eve.

A. each other

B. each others

C. each other's

D. each others'

( ) 3 The students often help___.

A. one the other

B. each the other

C. one another

D. two another

16

( )1.This blue suit looks better than the green ____.

A. /

B. one

C. suits?

D. ones

（4）

( ) 2 -How many apples did your mother give you, Lucy or Lily?

A. Each one

B. One each

C. One everyone

D. One more

( ) 3 -Have you a computer?

-Yes, I have a good____.

A. some

B. one

C. it

D. that

( ) 4 He has one blue pen and two red____.

A. one's

B. those

C. one

D. ones

( ) 5 Is this story as interesting as__

A. the one

B. some ones

C. that one

D. one

17

( ) 1 -I'll show you how to throw a frisby. Throw ____ like ____

A. it; this

B. this; it

C. it; it

D. this; this

( ) 2 -What colour is this?

A. it's a red

B. This is red

C. It's red

D. It's a red colour

( ) 3 There is a pen on the table. Pass ____ to me,, please.

A. this

B. that

C. it.

D. which

18

( ) 1.There are shops on _____ side of the street.________ of them do not close till 12 at night.

A. both; All

B. every; None

C. either; Some

D. other; Many

( ) 2 The boy runs faster than_______ in his class.,

A. any of the boy

B. any boys

C. any other boy

D. all the boys

( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.

A. any students

B. other student

C. any other student

D. any other students

( ) 4 There is not ___ meat in my bowl. There is ____ chicken in it.

A. some; any

B. any; some

C. any; any

D. some; some

( ) 5 -I have forgotten my bread.

-Never mind, you can have____.

A. some of us

B. some of our

C. some of ours

D. many of ours

( ) 6 -Is there ___ tea in' that green cup?

-Yes, there is____.

A. the; some

B. any; any

C. some; any

D. any; some

19

( ) 1 Could you do___for me, please?

A. everything

B. nothing

C. something

D. anything

( ) 2 The bottle is empty. There is___ in it.

A. anything

B. something

C. nothing

D. everything

( ) 3 -Turn off the TV, Betty. ____ is watching it.

-Oh, no. Mum. I'm watching it now.

A. somebody

B. Nobody

C. Everybody

D. Anybody

( ) 4 -Did you find ___ in the room?

-No, we found ___ there.

A. anybody; nobody

B. somebody; everybody

C. anybody; somebody

D. everybody; anybody

（5）

( ) 5 I have a lot of work to do. 1 have___ time to play.

A. not

B. any

C. no

D. some

( ) 6 As we know, he is___fool.

A. not

B. no a

C. not an

D. no

20

( ) 1 I asked him for some oil, but he hadn't? ___.

A. some

B. any

C. anything

D. no

( ) 2 ___ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.

A. Neither

B. Either

C. Both

D. Any

( ) 3 Would you lend me????? of your money? "

A. some

B. lot

C. a few

D. any

( ) 4 Would you like___more coffee?

A. little

B. any

C. some

D. another

5 -Have you any books on radio?

-I'd like to borrow ___.

A. those

B. some

C. them

D. it

21

( ) 1 Listen to me. I have____ to tell you.

A. anything new

B. something new

C. new something

D. nothing new ( ) 2 By the way, is there in today's newspaper?

A. something new o

B. anything new

C. new something

D. new anything ( ) 3 Please be quiet. I have___ to tell you.

A. important something

B. nothing important

C. important anything

D. something important

( ) 4 I'm not busy. I haven't ____ to do.

A. something

B. everything

C. nothing

D. anything

( ) 5 ____ has happened, I want you to tell me about it.

A. Something

B. Everything

C. Anything

D. Nothing

22

( ) 1 Yesterday morning ___ boy broke into the garden.

A. any

B. some

C. many

D. much

( ) 2 ___ twenty boys were playing football at that time yesterday.

A. Each

B. Some

C. No one

D. Neither

( ) 3 Now I have ______ questions. Let's go to ask our teacher.

A. any

B. much

C. some

D. a lot

23

( ) 1 If you like these apples, you can take_____.

A. any

B. a lot

C. that .

D. this

( ) 2 I will do____for my motherland.

A. anything

B. many

C. much

D. something

( ) 3 -Did they find ___ in the park?

-No, they found____there.

A. anybody; nobody

B. somebody; everybody

C. anybody; somebody

D. everybody; anybody

（6）

24

( ) 1 I don't know_____ of these people, for they are new workers.

A. any

B. some

C. one

D. much

( ) 2 He didn't take ___ one. They are all here.

A. many

B. any

C. a little

D. that

( ) 3 1 haven't read____ of the books.

A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two D. both

25

( ) 1 Can I have___bottle of orange, please?

A. another

B. other

C. others

D. the others

( ) 2 There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys,___ are girls.

A. the other

B. the others

C. others

D. some others

( ) 3 Mr Smith has two sons. ____ is a soldier, ___ is a doctor.

A. One; another

B. One; other

C. This; the other

D. One; the other

( ) 4 There are many people in the park now. Some are boating. ____ are walking along the lake.

A. the other

B. other

C. the others

D. others

( ) 5 The glass is broken. Go and get____ .

A. other

B. another one

C. .others

D. the other

( ) 6 I borrowed two books. ____ is in English, and____ is in Chinese.

A. It; another

B. One; another

C. The one; another

D. One; the other

26

( ) 1 _____ of them has an English dictionary.

A. Every

B. All

C. Both

D. Each

( ) 2 There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand.

A. both

B. all .

C. every

D. each

( ) 3 I didn't know that you___would___there.

A. be; all

B. all; be

C. are; all D: all; are

( ) 4 -Are these two books interesting?

-Yes, ____ of them are interesting.

A. both

B. all

C. either

D. neither

27

( ) 1 He couldn't make himself understood because ___ of us knew what he said.

A. none

B. no

C. nobody

D. not

( ) 2 I didn't like the cross talk. ____ of the actors was funny.

A. Both

B. All

C. Neither

D. Either

( ) 3 _____ of them is good at singing.

A. Both

B. All

C. No one

D. Neither

( ) 4 -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?

-____, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.

A. None

B. Neither

C. Both

D. Either

( ) 5 -How many monkeys did you see in the zoo?

A. Never

B. None

C. No one

D. Nothing

（7）

28

( ) 1 We should speak English as___ as possible.

A. many

B. much

C. few

D. lot

( ) 2 It's going to be a busy day today. I have____ work to do.

A. a hard

B. a lot

C. many

D. much

( ) 3 The boy has eaten two bananas already, but he wanted___.

A. a few more

B. few more

C. a little more

D. little more

( ) 4 Do you eat ____ fruit and vegetables?

A. many

B. more

C. a lot

D. a lot of

29

( ) 1 I didn't get any letters yesterday, but there were____ this morning.

A. a little

B. few

C. little

D. a few

( ) 2 The film isn't interesting. ___ people like it.

A. Few

B. A little

C. A few

D. Little

( ) 3 She can speak ___ English now.

A. a little

B. a few

C. many

D. few

( ) 4 Hurry up! There is____ time left.

A. few

B. a few

C. little

D. a little

( ) 5 Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know____ about the subject.

A. a little

B. little

C. few

D. a few

30

( ) 1 The man missed the bus. ____ is why he was late for the meeting.

A. It

B. That

C. This

D. All

( ) 2 He has to stay at home. ___ he has a bad cold.

A. This is because

B. That's why

C. So is it

D. The reason is

( ) 3 -How many books are there on the table?

-Only four.

A. This is all right

B. That's all right

C. That's right

D. It is all right

参考答案：

1. 1-4 A A?D D?

2. 1-6 A B B A?D B

3. 1-4 D A D?D?

4. 1-4 B A B B

5. 1-3?D B D

6. 1-3 A D D?

7. 1-4 D B D?D?

8. 1-4 D A?D B

9. 1-2 B D 10. 1-4?D?D D D 11. 1-3 B D B? 12. 1-3 B D D 13. 1-3 D?D A 14. 1-5 B B D A D 15. 1-3?D D D 16. 1-5 B B B D D 17. 1-3 A D D 18. 1-6 D D D B D D 19. 1-6 D D B A D D 20. 1-5 B D A D B 21. 1-5 B B D D A 22. 1-3 B B D 23. 1-3 A A A 24. 1-3 B B B 25. 1-6 A B D D B D 26. 1-4 D D B A

27. 1-5 A D D B B 28. 1-4 B D A D 29. 1-5 D A A D B 30. 1-3 B A D

（8）

专题四形容词与副词

一. 形容词：形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的

。形容词在句中可用作表语、定语、补语等。

1

作定语，放在名词前，something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词之后；形容修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。如：It’s a cold and windy day. Would you like something hot to drink?

What else can you see? 你还能看见其它什么东西

2．作表语，放在系动词之后。常见的系动词有be, become, get(变), turn(变), feel, look(看起来), seem, smell, sound, taste。如：He looks happy today. Silk feels soft. 绸子摸起来很软。Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.

3．

★We are making our country strong.

4.

如：a big yellow Chinese wooden ship(一个黄色的大型中国木船)

★前置形容词（作定语）的顺序为：

限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠；

①“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词等。

②表观点的“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、interesting、great等。

③“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词big,small, ,short, tall

④表示“形状”的词如：round, square等。

⑤年龄，新旧，颜色的形容词young，old，new，white，red等

⑥“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。Chinese，rural（乡村的）

⑦“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。

⑧“作用类别”的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car等。

两个圆形的蓝色日本塑料盘

5、有关形容词的用法辨析：

⑴whole与all：记住两个词序：

①the whole + 名词；如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙)

②all (of) the + 名词。He can remember all the words he learns.

⑵tall与high, short与low：

①指人的个子（树、楼）时用tall与short；如：He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮)

Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.

②指其他事物（含价格price时）一般用high与low。A few people live on high mountains.

⑶real与true：

①real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的” This is a real diamond and it’s very expensiv e.

②true指事情或消息的可靠性“真实的”--Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.

⑷interested与interesting的区别：

①interesting指人或东西“有趣的

．．．”,作定语或表语

．．．．．．, 如：The man is very interesting and all the children like him. / This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.

②interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的

．．．．”,只能作表语

．．．．．I am interested in science.

（excited/exciting; bored/boring等类似）

（5）nice与fine：的区别：nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等；

如：Let’s go and share the nice cake./ She is a nice girl.(漂亮的)

【good/well区别见资料】fine一般指身体或天气好What a fine day!(多好的天气！)/ I am fine.我身体很好

（6）too much与much too：

①too much表示“太多的”,修饰不可数名词，表数量；如：I am full because I have had too much rice

②much too表示“太”,修饰形容词或副词，表程度。That coat is much too dear.

（7）quick、fast与soon：quick与fast基本同义①quick常指反应速度快After a quick lunch, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.②fast往往指运动速度快, A train is much faster than a bus.

③soon则表示时间上很快即将发生（将来时）。His father will be back to China very soon. 8）lonely与alone：

①lonely 有感情色彩的形容词,意思是：“孤独的,寂寞的；荒凉的”,作定语或表语

（1）

②alone adj.“独自的,单独的”,客观情况,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。

如：He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)He is a lonely person.

（9）sick与ill区别：①sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语，如：He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now. Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.

②ill做定语意为“坏的”ill words坏话

二.副词

中考试题对副词的考查涉及常用副词的用法、副词等级的各种句型、易混淆的副词用法辨析等。

1. 副词的分类

副词按词汇意义可分为：

方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly 程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite

地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home 时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently

频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never 否定副词：no，not，neither，nor

疑问副词：where，how，why 其他：also，too，only 2. 副词的基本用法：副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。如：We should listen to our teachers carefully. (修饰动词) He is very happy today. (表时间)

“What happened?”I asked, rather angrily. (修饰adv./In spring,I can see flowers everywhere. (表地点)

3.副词的位置

①时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。I will do it omorrow. ②疑问副词：how , when, where, why放在句子的开头。如Where did he go yesterday?

③关系副词,连接副词放在所连接从句的开头I should like to know when the new term will begin?

④频度副词通常都放在动词前面，但若句子里面有情态动词，助动词或动词be，就放在这类动词的后面。例如：He often does this. / You must always bear this in mind.

⑤副词排列顺序

a）时间，地点副词，小单位在前，大单位在后

b）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。Please write slowly and carefully.

c）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。He worked very well here last week.

注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能直接修饰动词。改错：I very like English.

★4. 常见副词用法辨析

(1)already,yet与still的区别

①already用于现在完成时态的肯定句句中，表示“已经”；He had already left when I called.

②yet用于现在完成时态的否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”。

Have you found your ruler yet/ I haven’t finished my homework yet.

③still表事情还在进行He still works until late every night.

(2)so与such的区别

①so修饰形容词或副词；such 修饰名词。如：

My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him. / He is such a boy.他是一个这样的孩子。

②a)so修饰的结构是“so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数”。

b)such修饰的结构是“such ＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数”，

c)“such＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词”。如He is so clever a boy.＝He is such a

clever boy.

(改错) It is so cold weather. They are so good students.

③如果可数名词复数前有many，few或不可数名词前有much，little修饰，用so不用such。

如：

so many(如此多的)；so few(如此少的)可以加可数名词复数。

so much(如此多的)；so little(如此少的)可以加不可数名词。

So time so people A so many B so few C so much D such little (3)also, too, as well与either 的区别also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末

（2）

如：

My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher. ＝My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.

＝My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，too. I can’t speak French, Jenny can’t speak French，either.

(4)sometime, sometimes, some time与some times的区别

sometime 某一时间，某一时刻(可指将来时，也可指过去时) / sometimes 有时，不时的some time 一段时间/ some times 几次，几倍

如：We’ll have a test sometime next month. 下个月的某一时间，我们要进行一次测试。

中考英语语法汇总专题复习

专题一名词 Ⅰ.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普 名词。 专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名 公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。（见资料） 如：Yao Ming 姚明； China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。 Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数 名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：an apple; two apples 。 ★注意： a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前； an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。 如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/ 2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。(1)物质名词。如： water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water 等。 (2)抽象名词。如： news; music; time(时间); information等。 (3)不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词连用。 (4)注意有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。 如：fish; time; glass; orange; room; noise; chicken等。但使用时一定要区分它们表达的不同意义。 Ⅲ. 名词的数 (1)元音或词尾发生变化 如：man→men; woman→women; Frenchman→Frenchmen; tooth→teeth; foot→feet; child→children (2)单复数形式相同 如：sheep→sheep; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese; Japanese→Japanese; yuan→yuan (3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词） (4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。 (5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。 3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式）(1)表不定数量时，一般用much，(a)little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等词修饰。 (2)表确定数量时，一般用“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词。 如：a piece of paper, a piece of news, a bag of rice, two glasses of milk, four bottles of water （1）

中考英语语法知识归纳总结

中考英语语法知识归纳总结英语语法是学习英语的基础，掌握了语法知识，能够更好地理解和运用英语。下面是中考英语语法知识的归纳总结。 一、名词 名词是指人、事物、动物、地点等具体或抽象的名称。常见名词有可数名词和不可数名词。 1. 可数名词： 可数名词指可以用数目来计算的名词，可以有单数和复数形式。复数形式的可数名词通常在词尾加“s”或“es”。 例句： - There are three apples on the table. - The students are playing basketball. 2. 不可数名词： 不可数名词指不可以用数目来计算的名词，通常表示抽象概念、物质或集合等。 例句： - I have some milk in the bottle. - Would you like some advice? 二、动词

动词是句子的核心，用来表示动作、状态或存在。常见动词有不及物动词和及物动词。 1. 不及物动词： 不及物动词指只有主语，没有宾语的动词。常见的不及物动词有run、sleep、swim等。 例句： - The bird is flying in the sky. - I like to swim in the summer. 2. 及物动词： 及物动词指有主语和宾语的动词。常见的及物动词有eat、drink、read等。 例句： - She is reading a book in the library. - They often eat dinner together. 三、形容词 形容词用来描述名词的特征或性质。形容词通常位于名词前面。 例句： - The red apple is delicious. - He has a big house.

(完整版)初中中考英语语法大全

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A. child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 B. 单复同形 如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。 如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters C. 集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。

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6.There are many _____ in the school. A。XXX 7.The singer usually sings while playing _____ guitar. XXX 8.It would be _____ waste of money to buy such a small dictionary. XXX 9._____ good news we’re got! A。What aB。How aC。WhatD。How 10.Because of the unhealthy diet。many people in Africa die at _____ early age from XXX. A。theB。/C。aD。an 11.—How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? —_______. A。In five day’s timeB。In five days’ timeC。In five days timeD。For five day12.I don’t think men and women are equal in ______ countryside at present. A。theB。/C。aD。an C。XXX 13.There’s _____ XXX.

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III. 名词的所有格： 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

3. of所有格的用法： 用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed 二．冠词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法：

三．代词： I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：

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