沪教版牛津英语中考语法-主谓一致专题复习(带解析)

a bit (of ) 有一点儿

a couple of 两个;几个

a kind of 一种;一类

a lot of/lots of 许多

a pair of 一双;一副

a piece of 一(块,张,片,件)

above all 首先，尤其；最重要的是according to 按照;根据

add...to 加上

after all 终究;毕竟

agree with sb. 同意某人的意见

all over 到处

all right 行了;好吧;(病)好了

all the way 一路上

and so on 等等

apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉arrive at/ in a place 到达某地as...as 像……一样;如同

as soon as 一……就

as well 也;又

ask for 请求;寻求

at breakfast/lunch/supper 早/午/晚餐时at first/last 起先;开始的时候/最后;终于at home 在家(里)

at least/most 至少/至多

at once 立刻;马上

at present 现在,目前

at the end of 在……结束的时候

at the same time 同时

at /on weekends 在周末

at work 在工作

be based on 以……为依据;以……为基础

be able to 能够(有能力)

be afraid of 害怕

be angry with sb. 生某人的气

be bad for 有害于be born 出生

be busy with/doing sth. 忙于做某事be careful with 小心

be connected to/with 与……有联系

be covered with 被……覆盖

be different from 与……不同

be/get familiar to/with对……熟悉;通晓be famous for 以……而著名

be fond of 爱好

be full of 充满

be good/poor at 擅长于/对……比较差be interested in 对……感兴趣

be keen on 喜爱

be late for ……迟到

be located (in /on/at) 位于

be made of 由……制成

be made up of 由……组成

be pleased with 对……满意

be proud of 为……而感到自豪

be ready for 为……作准备

be responsible for 对……负责任

be satisfied with 对……感到满意

be similar to 与……类似

be strict with 对……严格

be surprised at 对……感到惊奇

be thankful to sb. 对某人很感激

be used to 习惯于

because of 由于

belong to 属于

big deal 大人物;了不起的事

both...and 两者都

break into 闯入;破门而入

break down 损坏；衰弱下来

by bus/train/plane 乘公共汽车/火车/飞机by oneself 亲自

by the way 顺便说;顺便问一下

首字母填空+较难阅读

就近一致

故事：就近有一只猫和三只老鼠在玩耍，在我看来，或者猫或者老鼠是要死的，可实际上，猫既没有把老鼠吃掉，老鼠也没有把猫整死，在长期的进化中，不仅是猫而且老鼠也知道了友善，他们彼此和谐相处了。不是猫，而是老鼠认为世界该变一变了。

译文：There is a cat and three mice playing in the yard.

解析：there be 句子是倒装结构，其中be的数的变化取决于最临近的一个主语。例如：

Is there a banana and seven apples on the table?

译文：In my view, either cat or mice are to die in the stuggle.

解析：either…or…或者…或者…,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：

Either he or I am to be responsible for the accident.

译文：But , to my surprise, neither mice nor cat dies.

解析：neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：

Neither his parents nor he is interested in swimming.

译文：In the long run, they have become friendly to each other. Not cat but mice believe the world should change.

解析：not…but….不是…而是…. ,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：

Neither the students nor the teacher runs away in the earthquake.

(符合就近原则的结构有there be, not…but…, not only…but also…,or…or…,neither…nor…)

记忆：

就近有个人在叫卖，不是老头而是老太；

不仅卖瓜而且卖菜，或者现钱或者放债，

既没有车也不用秤，只要你笑她就白送。

语法一致

故事：三国时候有一套马车金壁辉煌，它的美吸引了每一个国王，每一个国王，还有他的大臣们不止一次地想拥有这套马车，很多种方法都被他们尝试过了，但艰苦努力都是徒劳，当时有99％的人口都反对把车让给国王，因为只有勇士张飞，才是唯一有资格拥有这辆马车的人。只要这辆马车一跑，就会趟起大量的尘土。

译文：There was a cart and horse in the ThreeKingdom Period, which was very splendid.

解析：

由and连接两个名词做主语，不是指同一个人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词一般用复数。当and连接两个表示同一个人，同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词常用单数形式，如果名词前要加冠词，往往在第一个名词前才用，第二个名词前不用冠词修饰。常见的有bread and butter, war and peace, a knife and fork， a cart and horse等。如：

（1）Fire and water don’t agree.

(2) The singer and dancer is popular with the young people.

(3) Bread and butter is what they usually have for breakfast.

译文：Every king was attracted by its beauty.

解析：

两个并列名词分别由every，each, many a, no等修饰，做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：（4）Each boy and each girl has an English dictionary.

(5) Many a boy and many a girl made the same mistake in the exercise.

(6) No man and no animal is on the moon.

译文：

The king, together with his ministers wanted more than once to own the horse and cart.

解析：

主语后面接有

with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, in addition to, like ,except, but, in cluding, besides等词构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。如：

（7）Professor Brown with a group of students was doing experiments at that time.

(8)Our head teacher, along with his students is going to play football this weekend.

译文：Many a way was tried by them.

解析：

“more than one + 单数名词（不止一个……）”，“many a(许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数。如：

（9）More than one person was present at the meeting.

（10）Many a student has passed the exam.

译文：But hard working was in vain.

解析：

不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句做主语，谓语动词用单数。

(11)Seeing is believing. =To see is to believe.

(12)When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.

译文：99％ of the population were against the king’s ownership of the cart and horse.

解析：

百分数(或分数) + of + 可数名词单数(或不可数名词)，谓语用单数；百分数(或分数) + of +名词复数，谓语用复数。

(13)Twenty percent of the workers in the factory are women.

(14) More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.

译文：Zhang Fei was the only one of the people who had the right to own the cart andhorse. 解析：

在定语从句中关系代词做主语时，从句谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。在先行词前有one of修饰时，从句谓语动词与复数名词保持一致;在先行词前有the only one of, the very one of 等修饰时，从句谓语动词与one保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。如：

（15）The man who wants to see you is waiting for you at the gate.

(16)He was one of the men in the office who were invited to the ball.

(17)He was the only one of the men in the office who was invited to the ball.

译文：Huge quantities of dirt were raised by the cart as long as the horse ran.

large amounts of 和 huge quantities of 后即使跟的是不可数名词，谓语动词也要用复数形式。（18）Huge quantities of good earth has been blown away in this area.

意义一致

故事：受伤的人们都戴着眼镜，正在看《一千零一夜》的故事，这时，从远处来了一群牛，牛背上驮着家具，这些家具值3万美元，这可是一大笔钱啊。

译文：The wounded were wearing glasses.

解析：

“the + 形容词或过去分词”，如：the rich, the poor, the blind, the old, the injured, the wounded 做主语时，表示具体的某类人或事，谓语动词常常用复数形式。如：

The rich make the poor slaves.

The wounded were sent to the hospital at once.

.表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)trousers,clothes，pincers, tongs夹钳shears，sessiors 剪子。使用这些词做主语时，谓语应该用复数。

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers，这时，谓语动词应该用单数。

A pair of glasses is necessary to the near-sighted.眼镜对近视眼患者很有必要。

译文：They are reading “the Arabian Nights”.

解析：

以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，用在句子中做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：

a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

b. news 是不可数名词。

c.国家名称the United States，the United Nations，应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.

<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

“New York Times” is a very influencial paper.纽约时报是一份很有影响的报纸。

译文：

Just then, a herd of cattle came from the distance, with furniture on their backs,which wa s worth 30’000 dollars.

解析：

集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如：people police cattle audience jewellery clothing

等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，

英文中还有些单词，可以看作是一个整体，这时是单数，也可以看作是很多个体，这时表复数的概念。例如：class（班；全班同学）, team（队；全体队员）, family（家庭；全家人）等。

My class often wins first in the competition.

My class are all girl students.

The family lives happily.

The family all like potatoes and tomatoes.

以下一些词是不可数名词，在句子中当单数处理。furniture equipment

译文：30’000 dollars is a big sum of money.

解析：

表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词或短语做主语时，常常看作一个整体，谓语动词用第三人称单。如

（1）Another three years has passed.

（2) Thirty-six thousand francs is a big sum for the couple to pay off.

( )1. Neither of the girls ________from England. They are Germans.

A) are B) is C) aren‟t D) isn‟t

( )2. Neither he nor I _________able to pass the exam.

A) are B) is C) am D) be

( )3.Mr. Brown, together with his two children,________ having a picnic this time yesterday.

A) is B) are C) was D) were

( )4. Not only his parents but also his teacher __________Tom for his good job.

A) has praised B) have praised C) are praised D) is praised

( )5. Two and a half years _________since I came to Shanghai.

A) have passed B) has passed C) were D) was past

( )6. The number of the people _________growing all the time.

A) is B) are C) was D) were

( )7. A large number of tourists _________ to visit Shanghai every year.

A) come B) comes C) came D) will come

( )8. There _________a lot of rain there every year.

A) have B) are C) has D) is

( )9.The Greens ________the Great Wall twice.

A) have gone to B) has been to C) have been to D) has gone

( )10. ________this pair of shoes yours?

A) Does B) Are C) Do D) Is

( )11. The singer and dancer ___________ in Beijing.

A) is B) are C) was D) were

( )12. A great deal of time ___________to translate the whole book into English.

A) are needed B) is needed C) need D) needs

( )13. There __________nothing in the room.

A) have B) has C) are D) is

( )14. Bread and butter __________his usual breakfast.

A) is B) are C) was D) has

( )15.The boy with his dog ________walking along the path.

A) is B) are C) have D) has

( )16. One fifth of the students in our school ________basketball.

A) like play B) likes play C) like playing D) likes playing

( )17.The police_________ for a robber these days.

A) is searching B) was searching C) are searching D) were searching

( )18. There ________a pen, a rule and three pencils in the pencil-box.

A) be B) are C) has D) is

( )19. The teacher as well as the students _________disappointed at the result of the match.

A) have been B) has C) were D) was

( )20. Nobody but Tim and Bill ________in the playground at that time．

A) is B) are C) was D) were

( )21. Either my mother or I _________at home.

A) am B) is C) are D) be

( )22. Both Kate and I __________ready for the picnic now.

A) is not B) is getting C) are getting D) am getting

( )23. Everyone except Tom and John __________there when the meeting began.

A) is B) was C) are D) were

( )24. The teacher with some students _________ planting trees.

A) is B) are C) has D) have

( )25. None of us ________ read the story, so we know nothing about it．

A) is B) are C) hasn‟t D) have

同步精练：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.A 12.B13.D

14.B 15.A 16.C 17.C 18.D 19.D 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.D

一、将复合句转换为简单句

1. I didn't know what I should say.

I didn't know what ________ ________.

2. Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?

Do you know ________ the shop ________ at six every day?

3. Lucy is the tallest girl in her class.

Lucy is ________ than ________ ________ girl in her class.

4. Tom is as old as Jim.

Tom and Jim _______ ________ in the ________year.

5. John will go to bed after he finishes his homework.

John ________ ________ to bed ________ he finishes his homework. 6. He was so happy that he couldn't say a word when he was told the news.

He was ________ happy ________ say a word when he was told the news.

7. He is so tall that he can reach the basket.

He is_________ _________ to reach the basket.

8. I don‟t know which one I will choose.

I don‟t know_________ one _________ choose.

9. She got up early so that she could get there on time.

She got up early_________ _________ _________ get there on time.

10. I don‟t know when I shall start the work.

I don‟t know_________ _________ _________the work.

11. The teacher was pleased with what he had said.

The teacher was pleased with _________ _________.

12. We didn…t go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn…t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.

12. He was so excited that he couldn…t go to sleep.

He was _________ _________ _________ go to sleep.

13. I don…t know when we will begin the work.

I don…t know _______ _______ _______ the work.

14. You must finish all the work before you go to bed.

You must finish all the work _________ _________to bed.

15. He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.

He got up early _________ _________ _________ catch the early bus. 16. She found that he was a very good pupil．

She _________ _________ a very good pupil．

17. His friend didn't know what he should do．

His friend didn't know _________ _________do．

18. If we don't move that bag，there may be an accident．

_________ that bag，_________ there may be an accident．

19. He found it was not easy to sleep．

He found _______ _______ to sleep．

20. English is more popular than any other subject．

English is _______ _______ _______ subject of all．

21. If you don't study hard，you will not pass the exam．

______ hard，______you will not pass the exam．

22. I hope I can see him as soon as I can．

I hope ______ ______ him as soon as ______．

23.She became ill because it was too cold．

She became ill _________ ______ the cold weather．

24.If you aren‟t quick, you will be late for school.

_______ quick, _______you will be late for school.

25. If you don‟t hurry, you won‟t catch the train.

Hurry up, _______ you will _______the train.

26. I saw that he was playing in the park just now.

I saw _________ _________ in the park just now.

27.The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.

The problem is _______difficult for me ______ work it out.

28.Linda knows how she should finish it.

Linda knows _________ _________ finish it.

29.Mr. Smith noticed that the children were playing football on the ground. Mr. Smith noticedthe children _________ on the ground.

30. Jim doesn‟t know how he can swim.

Jim doesn‟t know_____________________.

二、将简单句转换为复合句

1. We all expect him to come to the party.

We all expect _________ _________ _________come to the party.

2. We can…t decide where to go.

We can…t decide _______ _______ _______ go.

3. Please tell me when to leave for the front.

Please tell me _______ we _______ leave for the front.

4. Now I will show you how to do the work.

Now I will show you _________ _______ _______ do the work.

5. You should put them back after using them.

You should put them back _______ you_______ them.

6. We don‟t know what to do with he rubbish.

We don‟t know what we _________ _________ with the rubbish.

7. The box is too heavy for me to move.

The box is _________ heavy _________ I can‟t move it.

8. Do you mind my opening the window?

Do you mind_________ _________ open the window?

9. He went to bed at twelve last night．

He _________ _________ to bed _________ twelve last night．

10.Jim runs the fastest of the three boys．

Jim runs _________ _________the other _________boys．

11. We often play basketball after school．

We often play basketball when school _________ _________．

12. They are too tired to walk any farther.

They are _________ tired that they _________walk any farther.

13. He studied hard in order to pass the exam.

He studied hard _________ _________ _________ he could pass the exam.

14. He can‟t come because he is ill.

He can‟t come _________ _________ his _________.

15. Turn off the light before leaving.

Turn off the light __________________ _________.

首字母填空

Someone sent me a group e-mail the other day. One of those that end with: send this to 10 friends ... I liked the story and it really got me thinking.

Here's the story from the e-mail:

Recently I overheard a father and a daughter in their last moments together at the a irport81 . They had announced the departure.

Standing near the security gate, they hugged and the father said, 'I love you, and I wish you enough.' They kissed and the daughter left. The father walked over to the window where I was seated. I tried to leave him some privacy, but I could not keep m yself 82 from asking:

'When you were saying good-bye, I heard you say, 'I wish you enough.' May I ask what that means?'

He began to smile. 'That's a wish that is p assed 83 on from generation to generation. My parents used to say it to everyone.'

He paused a moment and looked up as if trying to remember it in d etail 84 , and he smiled even more. 'When we said, 'I wish you enough,' we were wanting the other person to have a life filled with just enough good things to carry them on.'

T hen85 , slowly turning toward me, he shared the following as if he were reciting it from memory.

I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude b right 86 no matter how gray the day may appear.

I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun even more.

I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive and everlasting.

I wish you enough pain so that even the s mallest 87 of joys in life may appear bigger.

I wish you enough gain to satisfy your wanting.

I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you possess.

I wish you enough hellos to get you through the final good-bye.

答案：

81. airport 82. myself 83. passed 84. detail 85. Then 86. bright

87. smallest

My stay in the rainforest

Last year, I left my job and went to Borneo to work without pay in the rainforest. So many people have said to me, 'I would love to do something like that,' and I say, 'If you want to, just do it.' They always reply, 'l can't.' But, if you really want to do it, there are ways to make it happen.

After three day's training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people. The accommodation was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This consisted of a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects (昆虫) out.

It was never dangerous there, but it was very challenging (挑战的). There were things that we didn't think we would manage to do, but we did. I had some of my worst moments there, but also some of my best - it made me feel alive. I didn't miss my home comforts as much as I'd thought I might. We had food, water, somewhere to stay, about three sets of clothes and really good conversation. We were in the most beautiful place and we had things to keep us busy. We didn't need any more.

One of the teenagers said, 'Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were. I was always thinking about shoes, but really none of that matters. Here, people accept me for who I am, what I believe and think, not for what kind of clothes I've got.' When she said that, it summed it up for me.

88. Did Claire get any money from the work in Borneo?

89. What did Claire do before she started work on an environmental project?

90. How was Claire's 'bedroom' in the rainforest?

91. What did the teenager care about before she came to Borneo?

92. How did Claire feel about the experience of living in the rainforest?

93. What do you think might be the worst moments Claire had during her stay in the rainforest?

答案：

88. No, she didn't.

89. She received a three-day training./She had some training.

90. It consisted of a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out./It was

simple, with a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net.

91. She cared about what she wore and what her friends were./She cared about her

clothes and how others think of her.

92. The experience had changed her attitude.

93. She might miss her parents and home comforts. There was plenty to do and sometimes she felt very tired. She might suffer the insect bites. (Anyreasonable answers are acceptable. )

Animated movies are ones that use drawings instead of real people. Artists must draw thousands of pictures, and each picture must be a l___ 81_____ different. For example, if the movie maker wants to show a girl running, the artist must draw her feet in different places in each picture. When the pictures are shown very q 82 , one after another, it looks like the girl is running. Walt Disney was not the first or only one person to use animation in movies, but he is the most famous. His first Mickey Mouse cartoon in 1928, was called Plane Crazy. This was a short, silent movie about the adventures of a little mouse. Today, 70 years later, Mickey Mouse is still a favorite character, and there are hundreds of cartoons and storybooks about him in many l 83 .

Many people in the movie business thought that animation was only useful for short cartoons. They did not think people would want to see long movies made from moving drawings. Disney did not agree with them. He believed he could tell any kind of story using animation. His first l 84 movie was Snow White and Seven Dwarfs. Disney spent all his money making this movie. Fortunately, it was a great success. He next made Dumbo, about a baby elephant, and this was f 85 by many more movies. Many of these are still popular today.

When we think of Disney, however, we don‟t think only of movies, we also think of Disneyland. There are Disney lands in Japan, the USA, France and China (Hong Kong). There will be another one in Shanghai soon. They are large parks where people can meet characters from Disney‟s movies and visit scenes from his movies. A86 Walt Disney made many of his most famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them. Today, we can buy them on video, and from time to time we can see them in theatres. When Walt Disney began making his animated cartoons all those years ago, people drew all the pictures by h 87 . Nowadays, much of this work is done by computers.

答案：

81. little 82.quickly https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4919204337.html,nguages 84.long 85. followed 86. Although 87.hand

I, Robot 2: humans vs. robots!

Here is a piece of good news for I, Robot fans: Robot 2 may soon meet the public!

I, Robot, the science fiction action film released in 2004, was such a hot movie that it grossed（收入总计）$347 million for a worldwide total.

The story is between humans and robots. In 2035, robots serve humans under three laws:

1. A robot may not injure a human being;

2. A robot must obey orders given by human beings.

3. A robot must protect itself as long as such protection does not conflict with the first or second law.

However, with the development of technology, the robots start to have their own thinking. Instead of obeying the orders as they are programmed, they want to protect themselves and rule human beings. A battle between

humans and robots is inevitable（不可避免的）.

Do you believe that one day computers may be cleverer than human brains? Are you afraid that robots invented by humans can surpass humans and conquer the world? Let's find the answers in I, Robot 2.

88. What kind of film is I, Robot? _______________________________.

89. What does the story mainly tell us? _______________________________.

90. How do robots serve humans? _______________________________.

91. In what case must robots protect themselves? _______________________________.

92. What happens to the robots with the development of the technology? _______________________________.

93. Are you looking forward to seeing the film I,Robot 2? Why?

________,________________________.

答案：

88 The science fiction action film.

89 It mainly tells us the story between human and robots.

90 Under three laws.

91 A robot must protect itself as long as protection does not conflict with the first or second law.

92 They start to have their own thinking.

93 Any reasonable answers

（2017长宁金山一模）

Writing(作文)（共20分）

88.Write at least 60 words with the title “My opinion on homework”.(以“我对作业的看法”为题写一篇不少于60字的短文。标点符号不占格。)

你每天都要完成学科作业，请你谈谈你对作业的看法及建议。

（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。）

My opinion on homework

Different people hold different opinions on homework. As far as I’m concerned, proper homework is necessary for our study.

On one hand, I think that homework is necessary to reinforce what is learned in school. And so the teachers ask our students to memorize what was discussed in class through homework. On the other hand, I believe that the point of homework is to cover material that the class didn’t have time to get to, so the homework is to let our students learn additional things. In addition, it can help us to form study habits.

All in all, I believe that proper homework will do good to our study.

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