八年级下册英语Unit1知识点

Unit 1

一、短语：

1、have a cold 感冒

2、have a stomachache 胃痛；腹痛

3、have a cough 咳嗽

4、have a sore back 背痛

5、have a sore throat 喉咙痛

6、have a fever 发烧

7、lie down and rest 躺下休息8、take one’s temperature 量体温

9、take breaks ( take a break ) 休息

10、drink some hot tea with honey 喝些加蜂蜜的热茶

11、see a dentist and get an X-ray 看牙医并拍个X光片

12、put some medicine on it 在它上面敷些药

13、away from 离开；远离14、for too long 太长时间

15、get off 下车16、right away 立即；马上

17、to one’s surprise 使。。。。。。惊讶的；出乎。。。。。。意料

18、right away 立即；马上19、get into 陷入；参与

20、cut myself 割伤我自己21、have a heart problem 有心脏病22、in time 及时23、put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎它

24、run it under water 在水下冲洗它

25、press the sides of your nose 压你的鼻子的两侧

26、have problems breathing 呼吸困难

27、get hit by a ball 被球击中28、get sunburned 被晒伤

29、be used to 习惯于。。。。。。；适应于。。。。。。

30、take risks (take a risk ) 冒险31、run out (of ) 用尽；耗尽

32、cut off 切除33、get out of 离开；从。。。。。。出来

34、be in control of 掌管；管理35、give up 放弃

36、without thinking twice 没多想37、thanks to 多亏：由于

38、lose one’s life 失去生命39、by oneself 独自；单独

40、go mountain climbing 去爬山

41、take sb. to the hospital 带某人去医院

42、do the right thing 做正确的事

二、句型结构：

1、without doing sth. 没有做某事

2、see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，强调看见某个动作正在进行。

3、see sb. do sth. “看见某人做某事”，强调看见动作发生的整个过程。

4、tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事

5、have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有问题/困难

同义短语为：have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.

6、be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”，是被动语态，不定式表示目的，可用于多种时态。

7、used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”，只用于过去时态。

8、use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事

可与use sth. for doing sth. 互换

9、mean to do sth. 打算做某事

10、the importance of (doing ) sth. (做)某事的重要性

11、make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事

相当于decide to do sth.

12、keep on doing sth. “继续做某事”。表示动作重复多次，中间有间隔，强调重复性。

13、keep doing sth. “继续不停地做某事”。表示动作的持续不间断、无停顿，强调连续性。

14、keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事

15、keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

三、语法：

（一）询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦时的常用表达

1、询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构

来表达：

What’s the matter ( with sb. ) ? （某人）怎么了？

What’s wrong ( with sb. ) ? （某人）怎么了？

What’s the trouble ( with sb. ) ? / What’s one’s trouble ?

（某人）出什么事了？

What’s happened ( to sb. ) ? （某人）发生什么事了？

Are you OK? 你没事吧？

Is there anything wrong ( with sb. ) ? （某人）有什么事吗？

2、要表达身体某部位疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构：

（1）某人+ have/has +病症

The twins have colds.这对双胞胎感冒了。

（2）某人+ have/has a(n) + 身体部位-ache ( headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache).

She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚胃痛。

（3）某人+ have/has a sore +身体部位。

He has a sore throat .他喉咙痛。

（4）某人+ hurt(s) +身体部位或反身代词。

He hurt his leg . 他的腿受伤了。

（5）身体部位+ hurt(s).

My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。

（6）某人+ have/has a pain in one’s +身体部位

I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。

（7）（There is）something wrong with one’s +身体部位

There is something wrong with my right eye.我的右眼有毛病。

（8）其他表达方式

She has a heart trouble .她有心脏病。

He got hit on the head.他头部受到了撞击。

She cut her finger.她割破手指了。

（二）情态动词should 的用法

Should情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，其后接动词原形，无人称和

数的变化。否定形式是在其后加not ,可缩写为shouldn’t。谓语中含有情态动词should的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，把should提到主语之前。Should的具体用法为：

1、表示提出意见或建议。

You should drink lots of water.你应该喝大量的水。

1、表示义务、责任。

We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。

3表示命令、责备或要求，语气比较强烈。

You shouldn’t be so careless. 你不应该这么粗心。

4、表示推测和可能性。

He should be a teacher. 他应该是一位老师。

5、用于主语为第一人称的疑问句中，表示征询意见。Should we tell her about it ? 我们应该告诉她这件事吗？

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